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Distinct neuron populations for simple and compound calls in the primary auditory cortex of awake marmosets

National science Review 2021年第11期8卷 92-101页

作者： Huan-huan Zeng Jun-feng Huang Jun-ru Li Zhiming Shen Neng Gong Yun-qing Wen Liping Wang Mu-ming Poo Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of NeuroscienceState Key Laboratory of Neuroscience CAS Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Marmosets are highly social non-human primates that live in families. They exhibit rich vocalization, but the neural basis underlying this complex vocal communication is largely unknown. Here we report the existence of specific neuron populations in marmoset A1 that respond selectively to distinct simple or compound calls made by conspecific marmosets. These neurons were spatially dispersed within A1 but distinct from those responsive to pure tones. Call-selective responses were markedly diminished when individual domains of the call were deleted or the domain sequence was altered, indicating the importance of the global rather than local spectral-temporal properties of the sound. Compound call-selective responses also disappeared when the sequence of the two simple-call components was reversed or their interval was extended beyond 1 s. Light anesthesia largely abolished call-selective responses. Our findings demonstrate extensive inhibitory and facilitatory interactions among call-evoked responses, and provide the basis for further study of circuit mechanisms underlying vocal communication in awake non-human primates.

关键词： marmoset calls calcium imaging awake marmosets primary auditory cortex vocal communication

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Structure,ligands,and roles of GPR126/ADGRG6 in the development and diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 294-305页

作者： Qi Li Anran Huo Mengqi Li Jiali Wang Qiao Yin Lumiao Chen Xin Chu Yuan Qin Yuwan Qi Yang Li Hengxiang Cui Qifei Cong Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China Department of Nephrology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China Department of Emergency Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu226001China Department of Neurology Huzhou Central HospitalThe Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouZhejiang 313000China Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors(aGPCRs)are the second largest diverse group within the GPCR superfamily,which play critical roles in many physiological and patho-logical processes through cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix *** adhesion GPCR Adgrg6,also known as GPR126,is one of the better-characterized ***126 was previously found to have critical developmental roles in Schwann cell maturation and its mediated myelination in the peripheral nervous system in both zebrafish and *** studies have extended our understanding of GPR126-mediated roles during develop-ment and in human *** this review,we highlighted these recent advances in GPR126 in expression profile,molecular structure,ligand-receptor interactions,and associated physiological and pathological functions in development and diseases.

关键词： Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor Function GPR126/Adgrg6 Ligand Structure

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Real-Time Marker Localization Learning for GelStereo Tactile Sensing

Real-Time Marker Localization Learning for GelStereo Tactile...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2022

作者： Liu, Shujuan Cui, Shaowei Zhang, Chaofan Cai, Yinghao Wang, Shuo University of Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100049 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Automation Beijing100190 China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200031 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

Visuotactile sensing technology is becoming more popular in tactile sensing, but the effectiveness of the existing marker detection/localization methods remains to be further explored. Instead of contour-based blob detection, this paper presents a learning-based marker localization network for GelStereo visuotactile sensing called Marknet. Specifically, the Marknet presents a grid regression architecture to incorporate the distribution of the GelStereo markers. Furthermore, a marker rationality evaluator (MRE) is modelled to screen suitable prediction results. The experimental results show that the Marknet combined with MRE achieves 93.90% precision for irregular markers in contact areas, which outperforms the traditional contour-based blob detection method by a large margin of 42.32%. Meanwhile, the proposed learning-based marker localization method can achieve better realtime performance beyond the blob detection interface provided by the OpenCV library through GPU acceleration, which we believe will lead to considerable perceptual sensitivity gains in various robotic manipulation tasks. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Chemical detection

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Individualized brain mapping for navigated neuromodulation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 508-523页

作者： Chaohong Gao Xia Wu Xinle Cheng Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen Congying Chu Zhengyi Yang Lingzhong Fan Sino–Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Brainnetome Center National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and ResearchCopenhagen University Hospital Amager and HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong 266000China

The brain is a complex organ that requires precise mapping to understand its structure and *** atlases provide a powerful tool for studying brain circuits,discovering biological markers for early diagnosis,and developing personalized treatments for neuropsychiatric *** techniques,such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation,have revolutionized clinical therapies for neuropsychiatric ***,the lack of fine-scale brain atlases limits the precision and effectiveness of these *** in neuroimaging and machine learning techniques have led to the emergence of stereotactic-assisted neurosurgery and navigation ***,the individual variability among patients and the diversity of brain diseases make it necessary to develop personalized *** article provides an overview of recent advances in individualized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation and discusses the methodological profiles,advantages,disadvantages,and future trends of these *** article concludes by posing open questions about the future development of individualized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation.

关键词： brain atlas Individualization Navigated neuromodulation Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging Transcranial magnetic stimulation Deep brain stimulation

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Noninvasive magnetocardiography of a living rat based on a diamond quantum sensor

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第6期21卷 064028-064028页

作者： Ziyun Yu Yijin Xie Guodong Jin Yunbin Zhu Qi Zhang Fazhan Shi Fang-yan Wan Hongmei Luo Ai-hui Tang Xing Rong CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of Quantum Sensing and School of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei 230088 China

Magnetocardiography (MCG) has emerged as a sensitive and precise method to diagnose cardiovascular diseases, providing more diagnostic information than traditional technology. However, the sensor limitations of conventional MCG systems, such as large size and cryogenic requirement, have hindered the widespread application and in-depth understanding of this technology. In this study, we present a high-sensitivity, room-temperature MCG system based on the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers in diamond. The magnetic cardiac signal of a living rat, characterized by an approximately 20-pT amplitude in the R wave, is successfully captured through noninvasive measurement using this innovative solid-state spin sensor. To detect these extremely weak biomagnetic signals, we utilize sensitivity-enhancing techniques such as magnetic flux concentration. These approaches have enabled us to simultaneously achieve a magnetometry sensitivity of 9pTHz−1/2 and a sensor scale of 5 mm. By extending the sensing scale of the N-V centers from cellular and molecular level to macroscopic level of living creatures, we have opened the future of solid-state quantum sensing technologies in clinical environments.

关键词： Magnetometry Optical pumping Quantum measurements Quantum sensing Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond Medical imaging Optically detected magnetic resonance

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FTO stabilizes MIS12 and counteracts senescence

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Protein & Cell 2022年第12期13卷 954-960页

作者： Sheng Zhang Zeming Wu Yue Shi Si Wang Jie Ren Zihui Yu Daoyuan Huang Kaowen Yan Yifang He Xiaoqian Liu Qianzhao Ji Beibei Liu Zunpeng Liu Jing Qu Guang-Hui Liu Weimin Ci Xiaoqun Wang Weiqi Zhang State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of Brain-Intelligence Technology(Shanghai)Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China National Center for Bioinformation Beijing 100101China Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Chongqing Renji Hospital University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400062China Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing 100069China

Dear Editor, N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is an abundant epitranscriptomic modification that regulates messenger RNA(mRNA)*** m6A modification regulates mRNA splicing,transport,stability,and translation through coordinated activities by methyltransferases(writers),binding proteins(readers),and demethylases(erasers)(Huang et al.,2020;Wu et al.,2020).Among m6A regulators,fat mass of obesity-associ-ated protein(FTO),is the first discovered eraser with RNA m6A demethylation activity(Jia et al.,2011).Since then,FTO has been reported to play m6A-dependent roles in a variety of physiological processes including adipogenesis,neuro-genesis and tumorigenesis(Fischer et al.,2009;Li et al.,2017;Huang et al.,2020).Consequently,FTO deficiency in mice leads to dramatic phenotypes,such as decreased fat mass and impaired brain development(Fischer et al.,2009;Li et al.,2017).Similarly,inhibition of FTO reduces tumori-genesis in multiple types of cancer models,while FTO is highly expressed in many cancers(Huang et al.,2020).

关键词： Fischer impaired

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Open-Vocabulary One-Stage Detection with Hierarchical Visual-Language Knowledge Distillation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ma, Zongyang Luo, Guan Gao, Jin Li, Liang Chen, Yuxin Wang, Shaoru Zhang, Congxuan Hu, Weiming NLPR Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Brain Science Center Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences China Nanchang Hangkong University China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology China

Open-vocabulary object detection aims to detect novel object categories beyond the training set. The advanced open-vocabulary two-stage detectors employ instance-level visual-to-visual knowledge distillation to align the visual space of the detector with the semantic space of the Pretrained Visual-Language Model (PVLM). However, in the more efficient one-stage detector, the absence of class-agnostic object proposals hinders the knowledge distillation on unseen objects, leading to severe performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical visual-language knowledge distillation method, i.e., HierKD, for open-vocabulary one-stage detection. Specifically, a global-level knowledge distillation is explored to transfer the knowledge of unseen categories from the PVLM to the detector. Moreover, we combine the proposed global-level knowledge distillation and the common instance-level knowledge distillation to learn the knowledge of seen and unseen categories simultaneously. Extensive experiments on MS-COCO show that our method significantly surpasses the previous best one-stage detector with 11.9% and 6.7% AP50 gains under the zero-shot detection and generalized zero-shot detection settings, and reduces the AP50 performance gap from 14% to 7.3% compared to the best two-stage detector. Code will be released at this url. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visual languages

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Effects of housing conditions on health and gut microbiome of female cynomolgus monkeys and improvement of welfare by checking menstruation under socially housed condition

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Heliyon 2025年第2期11卷 e41912页

作者： Yang, Yunpeng Lu, Yong Gao, Changshan Nie, Yanhong Wang, Hongfei Huang, Yufei Dong, Haiyan Sun, Qiang Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Institute of Comparative Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Institute of Neuroscience CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology Shanghai 201600 China

Laboratory non-human primates (NHPs) are commonly subjected to social deprivation in various scientific researches. However, the impact of social deprivation on gut microbiome remains largely unknown. We examined the health status and gut microbiota of female cynomolgus monkeys housed in isolation or social conditions and found that social deprivation brought adverse effects to monkeys by inhibiting their growth, remodeling the immune status, and decreasing the level of beneficial biochemical parameters. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the gut microbial composition and function differed between grouped and isolated monkeys. Specifically, grouping the single-caged young monkeys to socially housed condition could decrease the relative abundance of Firmicutes and increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, while separating the socially housed middle-aged monkeys into single cages showed the opposite trend. Besides, training female monkeys to detect menstruation under socially-housed condition could increase their body weight change and adjusting their immune status, thus attenuating the adverse effects of separating them to single cages. Our results verified the significant role of grouping in mitigating adverse health and microbiota alterations caused by isolation in female cynomolgus monkeys and emphasized the importance of training NHPs to cooperate with experimental procedures under socially housed condition, which could not only improve the welfare of cynomolgus monkeys but also enhance the accuracy and reliability of scientific results. © 2025

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Reduced temporal activation during a verbal fluency test in clinical high risk of psychosis: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based study

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General Psychiatry 2022年第2期35卷 101-108页

作者： Yanyan Wei Xiaochen Tang Tingyu Zhang Wenjun Su Lihua Xu Huiru Cui Zhenying Qian Tianhong Zhang Jijun Wang EEG and Neuroimaging Department Shanghai Mental Heath Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University ShenzhenChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology(CEBSIT) Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghaiChina Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science ShanghaiJiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Clinical high risk(CHR)of psychosis is a state in which positive symptoms cause the subjects distress but do not approach a severity level that fulfils the criteria for a psychotic *** exhibits cognitive deficits;however,the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain *** study aimed to investigate whether brain activation measured by the levels of oxygenated hemoglobin(oxy-Hb)in CHR subjects could be correlated with cognitive *** Fifty-eight CHR individuals who fulfilled the criteria for attenuated positive syndrome as specified in the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndrome(SIPS)and the Scale of Prodromal Syndrome(SOPS)and 58 age-and sex-matched healthy participants were included in the *** subjects completed the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia(MATRICS)Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB)that includes tests measuring attention,verbal memory,verbal fluency,executive function,and general *** near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)was used to measure the level of oxy-Hb in the dorsolateral prefrontal and frontotemporal *** We observed significantly decreased oxy-Hb levels in channel 32(located in the right superior temporal gyrus,rSTG)within the CHR individuals compared with that in the healthy controls(HCs)(t=−3.44,Bonferroni-corrected p=0.002),indicating lower brain activity.A significant positive correlation was observed between task-relatedβvalues and working memory in the CHR group(r=0.35,p=0.008).Conclusions The brain activation of rSTG is abnormal among subjects at clinicial high risk for *** abnormality is probably associated with the neural mechanisms of deficits in the working memory during the early stage of psychosis.

关键词： distress activation verbal

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Gray matter volume predicts individual body mass index and its development during adolescence 2021

Gray matter volume predicts individual body mass index and i...

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13th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical technology, ICBBT 2021

作者： Wang, Haiyan Jiang, Tianzi Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu625014 China Queensland Brain Institute University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389655

Adolescent obesity is one of the most important current public health concerns, owing to its increased prevalence and adverse effects on physical and mental health. Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of obesity, and relationships between brain and BMI have been found based on univariate association analyses. However, whether/how neuroanatomical features can be used to predict the BMI and its development at the individual level during adolescence are unclear. Here, we analyzed the large-scale longitudinal IMAGEN dataset, in which structural magnetic resonance imaging and BMI were acquired at both 14 and 19 years old in the same subjects. Using the voxel-wise gray matter volume (GMV) as features and the multivariate machine learning method, we constructed predictive models for individually predicting the BMI at both 14 and 19 years old, as well as the longitudinal development of BMI between the 2 ages. We found that, the whole-brain GMV could predict the individual BMI at both 14 and 19 years old, and the development of GMV in cerebellum could predict the individual development of BMI. The contributing brain regions for predicting 14- and 19-year-old BMIs did not differ at a coarse scale, but exhibited considerable differences at a fine scale. Our results highlight the importance of GMV in predicting the individual cross-sectional BMI and its longitudinal development during adolescence. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Forecasting

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