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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Zhen Wang, Ning Zou, Deqing Li, Yating Zhang, Ruqian Xu, Shouhuai Zhang, Chao Jin, Hai School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado SpringsCO United States Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China JinYinHu Laboratory Wuhan China

Software vulnerabilities are a major cyber threat and it is important to detect them. One important approach to detecting vulnerabilities is to use deep learning while treating a program function as a whole, known as function-level vulnerability detectors. However, the limitation of this approach is not understood. In this paper, we investigate its limitation in detecting one class of vulnerabilities known as inter-procedural vulnerabilities, where the to-be-patched statements and the vulnerability-triggering statements belong to different functions. For this purpose, we create the first Inter-Procedural Vulnerability dataset (InterPVD) based on C/C++ open-source software, and we propose a tool dubbed VulTrigger for identifying vulnerability-triggering statements across functions. Experimental results show that VulTrigger can effectively identify vulnerability-triggering statements and inter-procedural vulnerabilities. Our findings include: (i) inter-procedural vulnerabilities are prevalent with an average of 2.8 inter-procedural layers;and (ii) function-level vulnerability detectors are much less effective in detecting to-be-patched functions of inter-procedural vulnerabilities than detecting their counterparts of intra-procedural vulnerabilities. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open source software

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On the Effectiveness of Function-Level Vulnerability Detectors for Inter-Procedural Vulnerabilities

On the Effectiveness of Function-Level Vulnerability Detecto...

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International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Zhen Li Ning Wang Deqing Zou Yating Li Ruqian Zhang Shouhuai Xu Chao Zhang Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Jin YinHu Laboratory Wuhan China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado Springs Colorado USA Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9798400702174

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382143

Software vulnerabilities are a major cyber threat and it is important to detect them. One important approach to detecting vulnerabilities is to use deep learning while treating a program function as a whole, known as function-level vulnerability detectors. However, the limitation of this approach is not understood. In this paper, we investigate its limitation in detecting one class of vulnerabilities known as inter-procedural vulnerabilities, where the to-be-patched statements and the vulnerability-triggering statements belong to different functions. For this purpose, we create the first Inter -Procedural Vulnerability dataset (InterPVD) based on C/C++ open-source software, and we propose a tool dubbed VulTrigger for identifying vulnerability-triggering statements across functions. Experimental results show that VulTrigger can effectively identify vulnerability-triggering statements and inter-procedural vulnerabilities. Our findings include: (i) inter-procedural vulnerabilities are prevalent with an average of 2.8 inter-procedural layers; and (ii) function-level vulner-ability detectors are much less effective in detecting to-be-patched functions of inter-procedural vulnerabilities than detecting their counterparts of intra-procedural vulnerabilities.

关键词： Deep learning Detectors Open source software Software engineering

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Meta-Path Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph Convolution network for High Potential Scholar Recognition

Meta-Path Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph Convolution Netwo...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Yiqing Wu Ying Sun Fuzhen Zhuang Deqing Wang Xiangliang Zhang Qing He Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781728183169

ISBN: (纸本)9781728183176

Recognizing high potential scholars has become an important problem in recent years. However, conventional scholar evaluating methods based on hand-crafted metrics can not profile the scholars in a dynamic and comprehensive way. With the development of online academic databases, large-scale academic activity data become available, which implies detailed information on the scholars' achievement and academic activities. Inspired by the recent success of deep graph neural networks (GNNs), we propose a novel solution to recognize high potential scholars on the dynamic heterogeneous academic network. Specifically, we propose a novel Mate-path Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph Convolution network (MHHGCN) to effectively model the heterogeneous graph information. MHHGCN hierarchically aggregates entity and relational information on a set of meta-paths, and can alleviate the information loss problem in the previous heterogenous GNN models. Then to capture the dynamic scholar feature, we combine MHHGCN with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network with attention mechanism to model the temporal information and predict the potential scholar. Extensive experimental results on real-world high potential scholar data demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Moreover, the model shows high interpretability by visualization of the attention layers.

关键词： Measurement Convolution Aggregates data visualization Predictive models Graph neural networks Long short term memory

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Target-Oriented WiFi Sensing for Respiratory Healthcare: from Indiscriminate Perception to In-Area Sensing

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IEEE network 2024年

作者： Wang, Meng Huang, Jinyang Zhang, Xiang Liu, Zhi Li, Meng Zhao, Peng Yan, Huan Sun, Xiao Dong, Mianxiong Hefei University of Technology Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Affective Computing and Advanced Intelligence Machine School of Computer and Information Hefei230601 China University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Information Hefei230026 China The University of Electro-Communications Department of Computer and Network Engineering Tokyo1828585 Japan Guizhou Normal University School of Big Data and Computer Science Guiyang550025 China Muroran Institute of Technology Department of Sciences and Informatics 0508585 Japan

Driven by the vision of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) toward 6G technology, the WiFi-based respiration sensing approach has emerged as a highly competitive candidate for advanced healthcare services. Nevertheless, the indiscriminate perception of all the moving objects within the sensing area raises challenges for system stability and robustness for real-world deployment, especially for the susceptibility to motion interference from other people. Meanwhile, thanks to the emerging in-area wireless sensing technologies, i.e., beamforming, the dynamic environment tolerance of these technologies gives crucial opportunities for target-oriented WiFi-based healthcare services. This article discusses the compelling intersection of in-area WiFi sensing and the future of target-oriented intelligent respiratory healthcare network services. We first present a novel WiFi-based healthcare-assisting framework tailored for inter-user motion interference-tolerable (IMIT) sensing. The detailed components of low-level signal preprocessing, target-direction signal extraction, and healthcare-related services are discussed. By utilizing CSI beamforming technology, which adjusts a directional beam toward the desired direction and adaptively places beam nulls in noisy directions, we can mitigate motion interference and achieve target-oriented healthcare sensing. Finally, we discuss open challenges and potential solutions for target-oriented WiFi healthcare sensing. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless local area networks (WLAN)

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D4M: dataset Distillation via Disentangled Diffusion Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Su, Duo Hou, Junjie Gao, Weizhi Tian, Yingjie Tang, Bowen School of Computer Science and Technology UCAS United Kingdom Sino-Danish College UCAS United Kingdom Department of Computer Science NCSU United States School of Economics and Management UCAS United Kingdom Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science CAS China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China MOE Social Science Laboratory of Digital Economic Forecasts and Policy Simulation UCAS United Kingdom Institute of Computing Technology CAS China

dataset distillation offers a lightweight synthetic dataset for fast network training with promising test accuracy. To imitate the performance of the original dataset, most approaches employ bi-level optimization and the distillation space relies on the matching architecture. Nevertheless, these approaches either suffer significant computational costs on large-scale datasets or experience performance decline on cross-architectures. We advocate for designing an economical dataset distillation framework that is independent of the matching architectures. With empirical observations, we argue that constraining the consistency of the real and synthetic image spaces will enhance the cross-architecture generalization. Motivated by this, we introduce dataset Distillation via Disentangled Diffusion Model (D4M), an efficient framework for dataset distillation. Compared to architecture-dependent methods, D4M employs latent diffusion model to guarantee consistency and incorporates label information into category prototypes. The distilled datasets are versatile, eliminating the need for repeated generation of distinct datasets for various architectures. Through comprehensive experiments, D4M demonstrates superior performance and robust generalization, surpassing the SOTA methods across most aspects. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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Large Model-Based data Augmentation for Imbalanced Text Classification

Large Model-Based Data Augmentation for Imbalanced Text Clas...

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Artificial Intelligence, networking and Information technology (AINIT), International Seminar on

作者： Dawei Zhang Rongxin Mi Peiyao Zhou Dawei Jin Manman Zhang Tianhang Song School of Computer Science Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu China National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350385557

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385564

This study focuses on the application of large models to deal with imbalanced data problems in text classification. In view of the central position of text in web data and the negative impact of class imbalance on classifier performance, researchers have explored the method of using large models to generate high-quality minority class samples to enhance model performance. This paper reviews the technical progress of machine learning, deep learning, and large language models and their applications in text classification tasks. Although large models perform well in complex tasks due to their excellent language understanding ability, traditional machine learning and deep learning methods are popular in text classification scenarios that require fast response due to their simple structure and higher computational efficiency. This study proposes a data augmentation technique inspired by SMOTE, which uses a large language model combined with a simple prompt engineering strategy to generate high-quality minority samples. The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the macro average precision, recall and F1 score on multiple text classification models, and effectively alleviates the challenge of class imbalance.

关键词： Deep learning Seminars Computational modeling Large language models Text categorization data augmentation data models

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The Minority Matters: A Diversity-Promoting Collaborative Metric Learning Algorithm

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bao, Shilong Xu, Qianqian Yang, Zhiyong He, Yuan Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering CAS China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS China School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Alibaba Group China School of Cyber Science and Technology Shenzhen Campus Sun Yat-sen University China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China Peng Cheng Laboratory China

Collaborative Metric Learning (CML) has recently emerged as a popular method in recommendation systems (RS), closing the gap between metric learning and Collaborative Filtering. Following the convention of RS, existing methods exploit unique user representation in their model design. This paper focuses on a challenging scenario where a user has multiple categories of interests. Under this setting, we argue that the unique user representation might induce preference bias, especially when the item category distribution is imbalanced. To address this issue, we propose a novel method called Diversity-Promoting Collaborative Metric Learning (DPCML), with the hope of considering the commonly ignored minority interest of the user. The key idea behind DPCML is to include a multiple set of representations for each user in the system. Based on this embedding paradigm, user preference toward an item is aggregated from different embeddings by taking the minimum item-user distance among the user embedding set. Furthermore, we observe that the diversity of the embeddings for the same user also plays an essential role in the model. To this end, we propose a diversity control regularization term to accommodate the multi-vector representation strategy better. Theoretically, we show that DPCML could generalize well to unseen test data by tackling the challenge of the annoying operation that comes from the minimum value. Experiments over a range of benchmark datasets speak to the efficacy of DPCML. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Embeddings

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Iterative Channel Estimation for OTFS-based LEO-Sat Communication Using Comb-type ZC Sequences

Iterative Channel Estimation for OTFS-based LEO-Sat Communic...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Haiwei Shi Wang Xing Yiqing Zhou Yu Zhang Shuo Zhou Jinglin Shi State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

In low earth orbit satellite (LEO-Sat) communication systems based on orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation, existing channel estimation methods usually use high-power pilots, leading to a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In this paper, we propose a comb-type pilot based frame structure by inserting multiple identical Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences along the Doppler dimension. The ZC sequences are arranged at equal intervals in the delay dimension. The power of pilots is consistent with the power of data symbols, which can achieve low PAPR at the transmitter. At the receiver, based on the analyzed power distribution of the correlation function, we derive the power threshold to identify the received pilots. Then, an iterative ZC-sequences based channel estimation algorithm is proposed aided by data detection and interference cancellation. Through iterations, the data interference can be alleviated and estimation accuracy can be improved. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve superior channel estimation performance with low PAPR in the time domain.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Interference cancellation Communication systems Transmitters Channel estimation Symbols Modulation Peak to average power ratio Iterative algorithms Time-domain analysis

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ADA-GAD: Anomaly-Denoised Autoencoders for Graph Anomaly Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： He, Junwei Xu, Qianqian Jiang, Yangbangyan Wang, Zitai Huang, Qingming Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Engineering CAS Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Graph anomaly detection is crucial for identifying nodes that deviate from regular behavior within graphs, benefiting various domains such as fraud detection and social network. Although existing reconstruction-based methods have achieved considerable success, they may face the Anomaly Overfitting and Homophily Trap problems caused by the abnormal patterns in the graph, breaking the assumption that normal nodes are often better reconstructed than abnormal ones. Our observations indicate that models trained on graphs with fewer anomalies exhibit higher detection performance. Based on this insight, we introduce a novel two-stage framework called Anomaly-Denoised Autoencoders for Graph Anomaly Detection (ADA-GAD). In the first stage, we design a learning-free anomaly-denoised augmentation method to generate graphs with reduced anomaly levels. We pretrain graph autoencoders on these augmented graphs at multiple levels, which enables the graph autoencoders to capture normal patterns. In the next stage, the decoders are retrained for detection on the original graph, benefiting from the multi-level representations learned in the previous stage. Meanwhile, we propose the node anomaly distribution regularization to further alleviate Anomaly Overfitting. We validate the effectiveness of our approach through extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Proteomic identification of intact glycopeptides

Proteomic identification of intact glycopeptides

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2016 International Symposium on Analytical Chemistry Frontiers & China-US Analytical Chemistry Workshop

作者： Ming-Qi Liu Wen-Feng Zeng Pan Fang Yang Zhang Wei-qian Cao Jian-Qiang Wu Rui-Xiang Sun Chao Peng Catherine C.L.Wong Si-Min He Peng-Yuan Yang Department Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai) Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences CAS

We have developed a workflow that robustly identifies intact glycopeptides at a proteome scale using stepped-energy mass-spectrometry. This workflow has decoded as a computational strategy called as pGlyco+, a dedicated search engine for glycopeptide analysis. Our high-throughput method has enable us to interpret a total of 5,564 distinct site-specific N-glycoforms, on 1,478 glycosylation sites of relative 809 glycoproteins from five mouse tissues, and in 20 hours of mass-spectrometry analysis. Strict quality control(1% false discovery rate) was performed not only for the peptide matches but novel for glycan ones as well. We have also compared our search engine with a routinely used glycoproteomic software and believed that our method is a rather robust tool for site-specific glycosylation study likely. To demonstrate the importance of comprehensive quality control for both the glycan and peptide matches, we have conducted a fair performance comparison between pGlyco+ and Byonic, a routinely used glycoproteomic software: exactly same MS/MS data, and parameters such as tolerance, databases of protein and glycan were used. Under 1% FDR, pGlyco+ identified 23,086 glycopeptide spectra, while Byonic only identified 8,866 glycopeptide spectra. The corresponding number of identified distinct glycopeptides were 5,430 for pGlyco+ and 2,206 for Byoinc. To reach the same sensitivity of pGlyco+(23,086 identified spectra under 1% FDR), Byonic would have unacceptably 30% FDR using the same criteria.

关键词： Glycopeptide Mass Spectrometry pGlyco+

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