We introduce some new perfect state transfer and teleportation schemes by quantum walks with two coins. Encoding the transferred information in coin 1 state and alternatively using two coin operators, we can perfectly...
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The problem of merging sorted lists in the least number of pairwise comparisons has been solved completely only for a few special cases. Graham and Karp [18] independently discovered that the tape merge algorithm is o...
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Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factor...
Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a
Previous studies have shown that semantically meaningful representations of words and text can be acquired through neural embedding models. In particular, paragraph vector (PV) models have shown impressive performance...
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This paper presents a Cross-Modal Online Low-Rank Similarity function learning method (CMOLRS) for cross-modal retrieval, which learns a low-rank bilinear similarity measure on data from different modalities. CMOLRS m...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509060689
This paper presents a Cross-Modal Online Low-Rank Similarity function learning method (CMOLRS) for cross-modal retrieval, which learns a low-rank bilinear similarity measure on data from different modalities. CMOLRS models the cross-modal relations by relative similarities on a set of training data triplets and formulates the relative relations as convex hinge loss functions. By adapting the margin of hinge loss using information from feature space and label space for each triplet, CMOLRS effectively captures the multi-level semantic correlation among cross-modal data. The similarity function is learned by online learning in the manifold of low-rank matrices, thus good scalability is gained when processing large scale datasets. Extensive experiments are conducted on three public datasets. Comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
This paper aims to develop a novel cost-effective framework for face identification, which progressively maintains a batch of classifiers with the increasing face images of different individuals. By naturally combinin...
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Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of species diversity is a central pursuit in ecology. It has been hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (EcM) in contrast to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce tre...
Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of species diversity is a central pursuit in ecology. It has been hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (EcM) in contrast to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce tree species diversity in local communities, which remains to be tested at the global scale. To address this gap, we analyzed global forest inventory data and revealed that the relationship between tree species richness and EcM tree proportion varied along environmental gradients. Specifically, the relationship is more negative at low latitudes and in moist conditions but is unimodal at high latitudes and in arid conditions. The negative association of EcM tree proportion on species diversity at low latitudes and in humid conditions is likely due to more negative plant-soil microbial interactions in these regions. These findings extend our knowledge on the mechanisms shaping global patterns in plant species diversity from a belowground view.
Without actively aligning the reference frames, the reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-QKD) can generate secure keys even when the reference frames drift slowly. Here, we propose a new scheme on...
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This paper targets to bring together the research efforts on two fields that are growing actively in the past few years: multicamera person Re-Identification (ReID) and large-scale image retrieval. We demonstrate that...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509060689
This paper targets to bring together the research efforts on two fields that are growing actively in the past few years: multicamera person Re-Identification (ReID) and large-scale image retrieval. We demonstrate that the essentials of image retrieval and person ReID are the same, i.e., measuring the similarity between images. However, person ReID requires more discriminative and robust features to identify the subtle differences of different persons and overcome the large variance among images of the same person. Specifically, we propose a coarse-to-fine (C2F) framework and a Convolutional Neural network structure named as Conv-Net to tackle the large-scale person ReID as an image retrieval task. Given a query person image, the C2F firstly employ Conv-Net to extract a compact descriptor and perform the coarse-level search. A robust descriptor conveying more spatial cues is hence extracted to perform the fine-level search. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing methods on two public datasets. Further, the evaluation on a large-scale Person-520K dataset demonstrates that our work is significantly more efficient than existing works, e.g., only needs 180ms to identify a query person from 520K images.
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