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Contrasting Light-Induced Spin Torque in Antiferromagnetic and Altermagnetic Systems

Physical Review Letters 2025年第17期134卷 176902-176902页

作者： Jian Zhou Chunmei Zhang Center for Alloy Innovation and Design State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China School of Physics Northwest University Xi’an 710127 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers Xi’an 710127 China

Light-matter interaction has become one of the promising routes to manipulating various physical features of quantum materials in an ultrafast kinetics. In this Letter, we focus on the nonlinear optical effects of the spintronic behavior in antiferromagnetic (AFM) and altermagnetic (AM) systems with compensated magnetic moments, which has been extensively attractive for their potential applications. With vanishing net magnetic moments, one of the main concerns is how to distinguish and disentangle AFMs and AMs in experiments, as they usually behave similarly in many susceptibility measurements. To address this challenge, we propose that linearly polarized light could trigger contrasting nonequilibrium local spin torques in these systems, unraveling hidden light-induced spintronic behaviors. In general, one could achieve light-induced spin canting in AMs, but only Néel vector torques in AFMs. We scrutinize and enumerate their symmetry constraints of all 122 magnetic point groups. We also adopt low energy Hamiltonian models and first-principles calculations on two representative materials to illustrate our theory. Our work provides a new perspective for the design and optimization of spintronic devices.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism

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3D-printable polyacrylamide/quaternary chitosan-based multifunctional hydrogel flexible sensors

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Reactive and Functional Polymers 2025年 214卷

作者： Wang, Dingxin Mei, Lin Liu, Qian Zou, Xinhao Pan, Shaoshan Xu, Tianyu Zhao, Panfeng Luo, Tianzhi CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Hydrogel-based wearable flexible pressure sensors show great potential for applications in human health and motion monitoring. However, fabricating hydrogel sensors with excellent mechanical properties, sensitivity, and stability remains challenging. In this study, we developed a poloxamer-quaternized chitosan-polyacrylamide (P407/QCS-PAAm) hydrogel with multifunctional capabilities. These hydrogels exhibit high strength, impact resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and outstanding antimicrobial properties. Due to the dynamic hydrogen bonding provided by QCS, the mechanical properties of the hydrogel can be adjusted by regulating the QCS content, achieving tensile strengths ranging from 0.14 to 0.47 MPa and compressive strengths from 2.07 to 5.49 MPa. The quaternary ammonium groups carried by QCS enhance the gel's conductivity (0.29 S/m) and its bacteriostatic effects. Furthermore, the incorporation of P407 improves the hydrogel's hydrophilicity. These properties make the gel an excellent biosafety material for wearable devices. Notably, the hydrogel precursor exhibits rate-tunable sol-gel transition properties, enabling 3D printing. The 3D-printed P407/QCS-PAAm hydrogel sensors demonstrate high sensitivity (GF © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Tensile strength

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Investigation on the unsteady characteristics of flow and heat transfer in different channels of turbine blade leading edge

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 215卷

作者： Chen, Jinfu Yao, Ran Ma, Liwei Wang, Jianhua Wang, Xiaohong Gan, Ming CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road No. 96 Anhui Hefei230027 China Brinellvägen 8 Stockholm11428 Sweden New Energy Technology Co. Ltd Wuxi China

In this work, the large eddy simulation (LES) method is used to study the instantaneous and time-averaged characteristics of flow and heat transfer in three internal structures i.e., swirl cooling (SC), impingement cooling (IC), double chamber cooling (DC) in the leading edge of a turbine blade at three Reynolds numbers (6.0 × 103, 9.0 × 103, 1.2 × 104). Comparison with RANS method, LES method can provide internal cooling designers with a more comprehensive understanding of flow and heat transfer. The numerical results reveal the following important conclusions: (1) At the view point of time-averaged, the tangential jet in SC and DC can significantly increase the heat transfer rate (Nu), and therefore their heat transfer rates (Nu) are higher than that of IC, but IC has the lowest friction resistance. (2) At the view point of unsteady analysis, the flow instability of SC along the flow direction increases with Re, while the flow instability of DC decreases. The heat transfer rate (Nu) instability of IC is the highest, at Re = 6.0 × 103, the Nu fluctuation amplitude of IC is increased by 34.9 % compared with SC. © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS

关键词： Turbine components

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Direct ink writing of gradient shear-stiffening elastomer for enhanced toughness and impact resistance

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Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Gong, Liping Zhao, Chunyu Lu, Hongda Zhang, Qingtian Chen, Zexin Yang, Junjie Yang, Jinyu Sun, Shuaishuai Du, Haiping Li, Weihua School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong2522 Australia CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behaviour and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunication Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong2522 Australia

Shear-stiffening materials have garnered significant attention due to their inherent ability to rapidly respond to changes in strain rate. However, conventional studies on these materials exhibit limited mechanical performance and insufficient structural design, hindering applications in material science and smart mechatronics. Inspired by the gradient structure of a squid beak, this study uses a direct-ink-writing (DIW) technology to develop a novel gradient shear-stiffening elastomer (GSSE). Comprehensive characterizations were conducted to optimize the printability of the shear-stiffening elastomer under various testing conditions, including rheology, compression, and tension. Additionally, the toughness and impact resistance of the elastomer were systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that the biomimetic GSSE exhibits enhanced flexibility, efficient energy dissipation, and outstanding impact resistance. Consequently, this work advances the field of shear-stiffening elastomers for diverse applications by leveraging the gradient structure design strategy to achieve superior mechanical performance under complex loading conditions. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Strain rate

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mechanical Robust Nacre-Mimetic Composites with designable Cryptic Coloration and Electromagnetic Wave-Transparent Performance

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Advanced materials 2025年第0期 e2416535页

作者： Pang, Jun Zhang, Zhen-Bang Wang, Ze-Yu Zhang, Si-Chao Wen, Shao-Meng Cui, Chen Gao, Huai-Ling Yu, Shu-Hong New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Department of Chemistry Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Institute of Innovative Materials Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sustainable Biomimetic Materials Guangming Advanced Research Institute Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230027 China

Ceramic materials are widely used in various protective equipment owing to their excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability, while their applications are limited by monotonous color and poor toughness. Inspired by the colorful and tough natural shells, nacre-mimetic alumina (Al2O3)-based (NMA) composites are fabricated by proposing a dual-oxide interface design strategy inspired by the hierarchical structure of natural nacre. The NMA composites achieve color regulation, providing possibilities for their application in camouflage protective armor. The fracture toughness of the optimal NMA composite is more than three times that of commercial Al2O3 ceramic. Simultaneously, the NMA composites have obvious advantages in terms of impact resistance compared with Al2O3 ceramic and polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Additionally, the hierarchical structure of the NMA composites provides favorable structural conditions for transmission of electromagnetic (EM) waves at the frequency band of 18–26.5 GHz. These characteristics make the NMA composites potential protective materials for radar and communication equipment. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Fracture toughness

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Nonlinear analysis of photo-induced wrinkling of glassy twist nematic films on compliant substrates

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第5期31卷 672-678页

作者： Dong Yang Ling-Hui He CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials University of Science and Technology of China

A kinetics approach is developed for the geometrically nonlinear analysis of photo-induced wrinkling of glassy twist nematic films on soft elastic *** this way,the problem is reduced to finding the steady state of an overdamped evolution system according to a kinetic law,rather than directly solving the coupled nonlinear *** enables one to account for the complicated director distribution and obtain the precise wrinkling morphology of the *** the approach proposed here is for a twist nematic film,it can be extended to study glassy nematic films with other director distributions.

关键词： Glassy nematic film Wrinkling pattern Nonlinear analysis

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Dynamic simulation and safety evaluation of high-speed trains meeting in open air

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第2期32卷 206-214页

作者： Songyan Li Zhijun Zheng Jilin Yu Chunqiang Qian CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials University of Science and Technology of China

Dynamic responses of a carriage under excitation with the German high-speed low-interference track spectrum together with the air pressure pulse generated as high-speed trains passing each other are investigated with a multi-body dynamics *** variations of degrees of freedom（DOFs：horizontal movement,roll angle,and yaw angle）,the lateral wheel-rail force,the derailment coefficient and the rate of wheel load reduction with time when two carriages meet in open air are obtained and compared with the results of a single train travelling at specifie *** show that the rate of wheel load reduction increases with the increase of train speed and meets some safety standard at a certain speed,but exceeding the value of the rate of wheel load reduction does not necessarily mean *** evaluation standard of the rate of wheel load reduction is somewhat conservative and may be *** pressure pulse has significan effects on the train DOFs,and the evaluations of these safety indexes are strongly suggested in *** pressure pulse has a limited effect on the derailment coefficien and the lateral wheel-rail force,and,thus,their further evaluations may be not necessary.

关键词： High-speed train Pressure pulse Derailment Dynamics simulation Safety standard

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Influence of solute cloud and precipitates on spatiotemporal characteristics of Portevin-Le Chatelier effect in A2024 aluminum alloys

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第8期18卷 3500-3507页

作者：孙亮张青川曹鹏涛 CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials University of Science and Technology of China

In this paper, solute concentration and precipitate content in A2024 aluminum alloy are adjusted by solution treatment （ST） at different temperatures and tensile experiments on these treated specimens are carried out. It is found that the temperature of solution treatment （ST temperature） has a remarkable influence on the amplitude of the serrated flow and the propagation characteristics of shear bands. These results are due to the effects of solute atoms and precipitates on dynamic strain aging （DSA）. When ST temperature is higher than 300 ℃, solute concentration is relatively high and solute cloud is a key factor of DSA. When ST temperature is lower than 300 ℃, precipitate content is relatively high and the mechanism of DSA is determined by precipitates.

关键词： aluminum alloy Portevin-Le Chatelier effect dynamic strain aging solution treatment precipitate particle

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Ductilization of 2.6-GPa alloys via short-range ordered interfaces and supranano precipitates

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Science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6732期387卷 401-406页

作者： Yan, Yong-Qiang Cha, Wen-Hao Liu, Sida Ma, Yan Luan, Jun-Hua Rao, Ziyuan Liu, Chang Shan, Zhi-Wei Lu, Jian Wu, Ge Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano) Hysitron Applied Research Center in China (HARCC) and Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science SV LAB School of Aerospace Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Inter-University 3D Atom Probe Tomography Unit Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials Düsseldorf Germany National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Centre for Advanced Structural Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Higher strength and higher ductility are desirable for structural materials. However, ultrastrong alloys inevitably show decreased strain-hardening capacity, limiting their uniform elongation. We present a supranano (<10 nanometers) and short-range ordering design for grain interiors and grain boundary regions, respectively, in fine-grained alloys based on vanadium, cobalt, and nickel, with additions of tungsten, copper, aluminum, and boron. The pronounced grain boundary-related strengthening and ductilization mechanism is realized through segregation of the short-range ordering near the grain boundary. Furthermore, the supranano ordering with a larger size has an enhanced pinning effect for dislocations and stacking faults, multiplied and accumulated in grain interiors during plastic deformation. These mechanisms promote continuously increased flow stress until fracture of the alloy at 10% strain with 2.6-gigapascal tensile stress.

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Predicting the penetration of long rods into semi-infinite metallic targets: 收藏
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引用; Science China(Technological Sciences) 2013年第11期56卷 2814-2820页; 作者： HE Yu WEN HeMing CAS Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials University of Science and Technology of China; Analytical equations are presented herein to predict the penetration of semi-infinite metallic targets struck normally by long rods at high velocities for Yp<S where Yp is the rod strength and S is the static targe... 详细信息; Analytical equations are presented herein to predict the penetration of semi-infinite metallic targets struck normally by long rods at high velocities for Yp; 关键词： penetration long rod eroded debris semi-infinite metallic target; 来源：评论; 学校读者我要写书评

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