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arXiv 2018年

作者： Tanvir, N.R. Fynbo, J.P.U. de Ugarte Postigo, A. Japelj, J. Wiersema, K. Malesani, D. Perley, D.A. Levan, A.J. Selsing, J. Cenko, S.B. Kann, D.A. Milvang-Jensen, B. Berger, E. Cano, Z. Chornock, R. Covino, S. Cucchiara, A. D'Elia, V. Goldoni, P. Gomboc, A. Heintz, K.E. Hjorth, J. Izzo, L. Jakobsson, P. Kaper, L. Krühler, T. Laskar, T. Myers, M. Piranomonte, S. Pugliese, G. Sánchez-Ramírez, R. Schulze, S. Sparre, M. Stanway, E.R. Tagliaferri, G. Thöne, C.C. Vergani, S. Vreeswijk, P.M. Wijers, R.A.M.J. Watson, D. Xu, D. University of Leicester Department of Physics & Astronomy Leicester Institute of Space & Earth Observation University Road LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom Dark Cosmology Centre Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries Vej 30 Copenhagen Ø2100 Denmark Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek University of Amsterdam PO Box 94249 Amsterdam1090 GE Netherlands Astrophysics Research Institute Liverpool John Moores University IC2 Liverpool Science Park 146 Brownlow Hill LiverpoolL3 5RF United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Joint Space-Science Institute University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Astrophysical Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy Ohio University AthensOH45701 United States INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via Bianchi 46 Merate23807 Italy University of the Virgin Islands College of Science and Mathematics USVI #2 Brewers Bay Road Charlotte Amalie00802 I-00040 00078 Italy ASI-Science Data Centre Via del Politecnico snc RomeI-00133 Italy APC Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Diderot CNRS IN2P3 CEA Irfu Observatoire de Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité 10 Rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet Paris Cedex 1375205 France Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Nova Gorica Vipavska 11c Ajdovščina5270 Slovenia Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology Science Institute University of Iceland Dunhagi 5 Reykjavík107 Iceland Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik Giessenbachstrasse Garching85748 Germany National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States Department of Astronomy University of California 501 Campbell Hall BerkeleyCA94720-3411 United Stat

The part played by stars in the ionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM) remains an open question. A key issue is the proportion of the stellar ionizing radiation that escapes the galaxies in which it is produced. Spectroscopy of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows can be used to determine the neutral hydrogen column-density, NH i, in their host galaxies and hence the opacity to extreme ultra-violet (EUV) radiation along the lines-of-sight to the bursts. Thus, making the reasonable assumption that long-duration GRB locations are representative of the sites of massive stars that dominate EUV production, one can calculate an average escape fraction of ionizing radiation in a way that is independent of galaxy size, luminosity or underlying spectrum. Here we present a sample of NH i measures for 138 GRBs in the range 1.6 esci ≈ 0.005, with a 98% confidence upper limit of h fesci ≈ 0.015. This analysis suggests that stars provide a small contribution to the ionizing radiation budget of the IGM at z 5, firm conclusions are limited by the small size of the GRB sample (7/138), but any decline in average H i column-density seems to be modest. We also find no indication of a significant correlation of NH i with galaxy UV luminosity or host stellar mass, for the subset of events for which these are available. We discuss in some detail a number of selection effects and potential biases. Drawing on a range of evidence we argue that such effects, while not negligible, are unlikely to produce systematic errors (in either direction) of more than a factor ∼ 2 in fesc, and so would not affect the primary conclusions. Given that many GRB hosts are low metallicity, high specific star-formation rate, dwarf galaxies, these results present a particular problem for the hypothesis that such galaxies dominated the reionization of the universe. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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Human neutralizing antibodies isolated from a Zika patient and their molecular determinants

Human neutralizing antibodies isolated from a Zika patient a...

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第十一届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Wang Qihui Yang Huabing Liu Xiaoqing Dai Lianpan Ma Tong Qi Jianxun Wong Gary Peng Ruchao Liu Sheng Li Junfu Li Shihua Song Jian Liu Jianying He Jianhua Yuan Hui Xiong Ying Liao Yong Li Jianhua Yang Jianping Tong Zhou Griffin Bryan Bi Yuhai Liang Mifang Xu Xiaoning Qin Chuan Cheng Gong Wang Peiyi Qiu Xiangguo Kobinger Gary Shi Yi Yan Jinghua Gao Fu CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital School of Life Sciences Anhui University Jiangxi province center for disease control and prevention Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH) Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE) Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases School of Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Ganzhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention Special Pathogens Program National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) MRC Human Immunology Unit University of Oxford Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine Ministry of Health Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Faculty of Biological Science University of Leeds College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zika virus infections are associated with fetal microcephaly,neurological complications and constitute a public health ***,we report the isolation of 13 specific,human-origin monoclonal antibodies from an imported Zika case to *** of the isolated antibodies(Z23 and Z3L1)demonstrate potent Zika-specific neutralization in vitro without binding or neutralizing activity against Zika’s closest relative Dengue virus(DENV)1-4,

关键词： Zika virus envelope protein human neutralizing MAbs B cell sequencing crystal structure Cryo-EM

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The Impact of Heterogeneous Spreading Abilities of network Ties on Information Spreading

The Impact of Heterogeneous Spreading Abilities of Network T...

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International Conference on Computer and Information technology (CIT)

作者： Chengeng Ou Xiaolong Jin Yuanzhuo Wang Wei Chen Xueqi Cheng University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China CAS Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Understanding the dynamics of information spreading over social networks has been of great interest for a long time. It has been convincingly demonstrated that the topology of a network can significantly affect information spreading over it. Information spreading is often compared on small-world networks and random networks. In this paper, we find that the heterogeneity of spreading abilities of network ties can lead to completely different spreading results over small-world and random networks. In more detail, the more heterogeneous the spreading abilities of network ties, the lower the efficiency of information spreading over small-world networks. Moreover, such heterogeneity not only slows down the spreading pace, but also lengthens the life span of the information spread over small-world networks. On the contrary, if the spreading abilities of network ties are similar or equal, small-world networks are much better than random networks for information spreading.

关键词： Mathematical model Computational modeling Social network services network topology Computers Topology Silicon

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Activity Fuzzer: Detecting the Security Vulnerabilities of Android Activity Components

Activity Fuzzer: Detecting the Security Vulnerabilities of A...

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2nd International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies,Technologies and Applications(SMTA 2015)

作者： Yongke Wang Jianwei Zhuge Donghong Sun Wu Liu Fenghua Li State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering CAS Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Institute for Network Science and Cyberspace Tsinghua University

In order to detect security problems in android activity components, we designed one detection method based on fuzzing and dynamic hooking technology, and developed our detection tool called Activity Fuzzer. Activity Fuzzer constructs Intent objects by parsing android APK file, then sends them to activity components. At the same time, Activity Fuzzer monitors the android system logs to find if security vulnerabilities occur, such as permission leaks and runtime crashes. Besides, we designed a feedback mechanism to reduce false negatives. We use Activity Fuzzer to detect 100 android applications, and find 60% applications existing security problems. During the experiment, we find mobile QQ leaks ACCESSETWORKTATE permission, causing that other applications can access the OAuth service without any permission. And we find a serious Do S vulnerability of wechat.

关键词： Activity Fuzzer Intent Detecting the Security Vulnerabilities of Android Activity Components Security

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cMyc-mediated activation of serine biosynthesis pathway is critical for cancer progression under nutrient deprivation conditions

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细胞研究（英文版） 2015年第4期25卷 429-444页

作者： Linchong Sun Libing Song Qianfen Wan Gongwei Wu Xinghua Li Yinghui Wang Jin Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network School of Life Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China and Departments of Experimental Research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou Guangdong 510060China CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan Hubei 430071 China

Cancer cells are known to undergo metabolic reprogramming to sustain survival and rapid proliferation, however, it remains to be fully elucidated how oncogenic lesions coordinate the metabolic switch under various stressed conditions. Here we show that deprivation of glucose or glutamine, two major nutrition sources for cancer cells, dramatically activated serine biosynthesis pathway (SSP) that was accompanied by elevated cMyc expression. We further identified that cMyc stimulated SSP activation by transcriptionally upregulating expression of multiple SSP enzymes. Moreover, we demonstrated that SSP activation facilitated by cMyc led to elevated glutathione (GSH) production, cell cycle progression and nucleic acid synthesis, which are essential for cell survival and proliferation especially under nutrient-deprived conditions. We further uncovered that phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), the final rate-limiting enzyme of the SSP pathway, is critical for cMyc-driven cancer progression both in vitro and in vivo, and importantly, aberrant expression of PSPH is highly correlated with mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, suggesting a potential causal relation between this cMyc-regulated enzyme, or SSP activation in general, and cancer development. Taken together, our results reveal that aberrant expression of cMyc leads to the enhanced SSP activation, an essential part of metabolic switch, to facilitate cancer progression under nutrient-deprived conditions.

关键词： cMyc SSP metabolism PSPH cancer

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The X-shooter GRB afterglow legacy sample (XS-GRB)?

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Selsing, J. Malesani, D. Goldoni, P. Fynbo, J.P.U. Krühler, T. Antonelli, L.A. Arabsalmani, M. Bolmer, J. Cano, Z. Christensen, L. Covino, S. D’Avanzo, P. D’Elia, V. de Cia, A. de Ugarte, A. Postigo Flores, H. Friis, M. Gomboc, A. Greiner, J. Groot, P. Hammer, F. Hartoog, O.E. Heintz, K.E. Hjorth, J. Jakobsson, P. Japelj, J. Kann, D.A. Kaper, L. Ledoux, C. Leloudas, G. Levan, A.J. Maiorano, E. Melandri, A. Milvang-Jensen, B. Palazzi, E. Palmerio, J.T. Perley, D.A. Pian, E. Piranomonte, S. Pugliese, G. Sánchez-Ramírez, R. Savaglio, S. Schady, P. Schulze, S. Sollerman, J. Sparre, M. Tagliaferri, G. Tanvir, N.R. Thöne, C.C. Vergani, S.D. Vreeswijk, P. Watson, D. Wiersema, K. Wijers, R. Xu, D. Zafar, T. Dark Cosmology Centre Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries Vej 30 København Ø2100 Denmark Cosmic Dawn Center Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Juliane Maries Vej 30 København Ø2100 Denmark DTU Space National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark Elektrovej 327 Lyngby2800 Denmark APC Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Diderot CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/Irfu Observatoire de Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité 10 Rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet Paris Cedex 1375205 France Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik Giessenbachstraße Garching85748 Germany 00078 Italy IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Université Paris Diderot AIM Sorbonne Paris Cité CEA CNRS Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France European Southern Observatory Alonso de Córdova 3107 Vitacura Casilla Santiago 1919001 Chile Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain 23807 Italy Space Science Data Center - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana via del Politecnico s.n.c. RomaI-00133 Italy European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 2 Garching bei München85748 Germany GEPI Observatoire de Paris PSL University CNRS 5 place Jules Janssen 92195 Meudon France KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Physics Stockholm106 91 Sweden The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics AlbaNova University Centre Stockholm106 91 Sweden Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Nova Gorica Vipavska 11c Ajdovščina5270 Slovenia Department of Astrophysics IMAPP Radboud University Nijmegen PO Box 9010 Nijmegen6500 GL Netherlands Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam1098 XH Netherlands Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology Science Institute University of Iceland Dunhagi 5 Reykjavik107 Iceland Department of Physics University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom IASF/INAF Bologna via Piero Gobetti 101 Bologna40129 Italy Sorbonne

In this work we present spectra of all γ-ray burst (GRB) afterglows that have been promptly observed with the X-shooter spectrograph until 31/03/2017. In total, we obtained spectroscopic observations of 103 individual GRBs observed within 48 hours of the GRB trigger. Redshifts have been measured for 97 per cent of these, covering a redshift range from 0.059 to 7.84. Based on a set of observational selection criteria that minimize biases with regards to intrinsic properties of the GRBs, the follow-up effort has been focused on producing a homogeneous sample of 93 afterglow spectra for GRBs discovered by the Swift satellite. We here provide a public release of all the reduced spectra, including continuum estimates and telluric absorption corrections. For completeness, we also provide reductions for the 18 late-time observations of the underlying host galaxies. We provide an assessment of the degree of completeness with respect to the parent GRB population, in terms of the X-ray properties of the bursts in the sample and find that the sample presented here is representative of the full Swift sample. We constrain the fraction of dark bursts to be Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray absorption

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High-redshift AGN in the Chandra Deep Fields: The obscured fraction and space density of the sub-L* population

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Vito, F. Brandt, W.N. Yang, G. Gilli, R. Luo, B. Vignali, C. Xue, Y.Q. Comastri, A. Koekemoer, A.M. Lehmer, B.D. Liu, T. Paolillo, M. Ranalli, P. Schneider, D.P. Shemmer, O. Volonteri, M. Wang, J. Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics 525 Davey Lab Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna via Gobetti 93/3. Bologna40129 Italy School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Ministry of Education Nanjing Jiangsu210093 China Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Università degli Studi di Bologna via Gobetti 93/2 Bologna40129 Italy CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230026 China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics University of Arkansas 226 Physics Building 825 West Dickinson Street FayettevilleAR72701 United States Astronomy Department University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Dip.di Fisica Ettore Pancini University of Naples "Federico II" C.U. Monte SantAngelo Via Cinthia Naples80126 Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Via Cinthia NapoliI-80126 Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana - Science Data Center Via del Politecnico snc Roma00133 Italy Lund Observatory Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics Lund University Box 43 LundSE-22100 Sweden Department of Physics University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris Sorbonne Universitès UPMC Univ Paris 6 et CNRS UMR 7095 98 bis bd Arago Paris75014 France

We investigate the population of high-redshift (3 6 z * regime (logLX . 44), poorly sampled by previous works using shallower data, and the obscured population. Taking fully into account the individual photometric-redshift probability distribution functions, the final sample consists of ≈ 102 X-ray selected AGN at 3 6 z H > 23 is - 0.6 − 0.8, once incompleteness effects are taken into account, with no strong dependence on redshift or luminosity. We derived the high-redshift AGN number counts down to F0.5−2 keV = 7 × 10−18 erg cm−2 s−1, extending previous results to fainter fluxes, especially at z > 4. We put the tightest constraints to date on the low-luminosity end of AGN luminosity function at high redshift. The space-density, in particular, declines at z > 3 at all luminosities, with only a marginally steeper slope for low-luminosity AGN. By comparing the evolution of the AGN and galaxy densities, we suggest that such a decline at high luminosities is mainly driven by the underlying galaxy population, while at low luminosities there are hints of an intrinsic evolution of the parameters driving nuclear activity. Also, the black-hole accretion rate density and star-formation rate density, which are usually found to evolve similarly at z . 3, appear to diverge at higher redshifts. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

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Extended HMM and Ranking models for Chinese Spelling Correction 3

Extended HMM and Ranking models for Chinese Spelling Correct...

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3rd CIPS-SIGHAN Joint Conference on Chinese Language Processing, CLP 2014

作者： Xiong, Jinhua Zhao, Qiao Hou, Jianpeng Wang, Qianbo Wang, Yuanzhuo Cheng, Xueqi Cas Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Spelling correction has been studied for many decades, which can be classified into two categories: (1) regular text spelling correction, (2) query spelling correction. Although the two tasks share many common techniques, they have different concerns. This paper presents our work on the CLP-2014 bake-off. The task focuses on spelling checking on foreigner Chinese essays. Compared to online search query spelling checking task, more complicated techniques can be applied for better performance. Therefore, we proposed a unified framework for Chinese essays spelling correction based on extended HMM and ranker-based models, together with a rule-based model for further polishing. Our system showed better performance on the test dataset. © 2014 CLP 2014 - 3rd CIPS-SIGHAN Joint Conference on Chinese Language Processing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Deepest view of AGN X-ray variability with the 7 MS chandra deep field-south survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Zheng, X.C. Xue, Y.Q. Brandt, W.N. Li, J.Y. Paolillo, M. Yang, G. Zhu, S.F. Luo, B. Sun, M.Y. Hughes, T.M. Bauer, F.E. Vito, F. Wang, J.X. Liu, T. Vignali, C. Shu, X.W. CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics 525 Davey Lab Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics 104 Davey Lab Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16082 United States Dipartimento di Fisica "Ettore Pancini" Università di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 80126 Italy INFN - Unità di Napoli via Cintia 9 Napoli80126 Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana-Science Data Center Via del Po-litecnico snc Roma00133 Italy School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Ministry of Education Nanjing210093 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Astronomy and Space Exploration Nanjing210093 China Instituto de Física y Astronomía Universidad de Valparaíso Avda. Gran Bretaña 1111 Valparaíso Chile Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy China-Chile Joint Center for Astronomy Camino El Observatorio #1515 Las Condes Santiago Chile Instituto de Astrofísica and Centro de Astroingeniería Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Casilla 306 Santiago 22 Chile Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100 ProvidenciaSantiago Chile Space Science Institute 4750 Walnut Street Suite 205 BoulderCO80301 United States Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Alma Mater Studio-rum Università degli Studi di Bologna Viale Berti Pichat 6/2 Bologna40127 Italy Astronomy Department University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna Via Ranzani 1 Bologna40127 Italy Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui241000 China

We systematically analyze X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South survey. On the longest timescale (≈ 17 years), we find only weak (if any) dependence of X-ray variability amplitudes on energy bands or obscuration. We use four different power spectral density (PSD) models to fit the anti-correlation between normalized excess variance (σnxv2 ) and luminosity, and obtain a best-fit power law index β = 1.16+0−0..0505 for the low-frequency part of AGN PSD. We also divide the whole light curves into 4 epochs in order to inspect the dependence of σnxv2 on these timescales, finding an overall increasing trend. The analysis of these shorter light curves also infers a β of ∼ 1.3 that is consistent with the above-derived β, which is larger than the frequently-assumed value of β = 1. We then investigate the evolution of σnxv2 . No definitive conclusion is reached due to limited source statistics but, if present, the observed trend goes in the direction of decreasing AGN variability at fixed luminosity toward large redshifts. We also search for transient events and find 6 notable candidate events with our considered criteria. Two of them may be a new type of fast transient events, one of which is reported here for the first time. We therefore estimate a rate of fast outbursts hN i = 1.0+1−0..17 × 10−3 galaxy−1 yr−1 and a tidal disruption event (TDE) rate hN TDEi = 8.6+8−4..59 × 10−5 galaxy−1 yr−1 assuming the other four long outbursts to be TDEs. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Completion time-a ware flow scheduling in heterogenous networks 1

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15th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2015

作者： He, Shiming Xie, Kun Zhang, Dafang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation School of Computer and Communication Engineering Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Electric Transportation and Smart Distributed Network Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha410114 China College of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering Hunan University Changsha410082 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New York at Stony Brook NY United States

ISBN: (数字)9783319271194

ISBN: (纸本)9783319271187

In China, the expressway isn’t free. When a vehicle exits, the exit toll station needs to calculate the toll according to the vehicle trajectory obtained by sending a trajectory query task to the trajectory center remotely. For the accurate of toll and keep the exit smoothly, transmitting the trajectory result reliably and in time is a key issue. There are three heterogenous networks in expressway, Fibernet, Telecommunications network and 3G. We concurrently exploit three heterogenous networks by allocating the trajectory result into three sub-flows where each sub-flow is transmitted in one kind of networks. But existing multipath transfer solution(FMTCP) doesn’t consider the difference of completed time among all sub-flows and can’t make sure the completed time in time. Therefore, we formulate the sub-flows schedule as a integer programming problem, which is proved to be NP-hard problem, and propose a Completion time-aware Flow Scheduling scheme (CaFS) which calculates the size of sub-flows. For the reliably, it exploits generation-based network coding. For the transmission in time, CaFS allocates the size of sub-flow into suitable generation and scheduling the generations. The simulation results demonstrate that, comparing with the FMTCP, CaFS improves 31. 9% in completion time and 30% in task finished rate. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

关键词： network coding

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