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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Li, Pei Zuo, Chengyu Wei, Wangjuan Pan, Xiaoying Wang, Zhanhao School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi’an710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi’an China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Media Computing and interaction Xi’an China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781681

In light of the problems associated with glare and halo effects in low-light images, as well as the inadequacy of existing processing algorithms in handling details, a glare suppression balance network based on unsupervised learning has been designed and implemented in this study. A network that perceives brightness through light decomposition has been proposed, and an illumination learning network has been designed. The idea of integration has been employed to form an unsupervised glare suppression balance network, aiming to tackle the issues of glare and the accompanying halo effects. Through objective and subjective evaluations of real images, it has been proven that the method introduced in this paper surpasses other methods in suppressing glare and enhancing the overall quality of low-light images. Furthermore, it has been shown to exhibit good performance and effectiveness in target detection. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Spatiotemporal characteristics and dynamic prediction of agricultural carbon compensation potential in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin

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Environmental science and Pollution Research 2025年第4期32卷 1903-1917页

作者： Luo, Jikang Zhao, Zhen Pang, Jing College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot015000 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningbo University Ningbo315000 China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Statistical Analysis Theory for Life Data and Neural Network Modelling Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot015000 China

Climate change, driven by carbon emissions, has emerged as a pressing global ecological and environmental challenge. Here, we leverage the panel data of five provinces and above prefecture-level cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin to estimate the agricultural carbon emissions (CEs), carbon sinks (CSs), carbon compensation rate (CCR), and carbon compensation potential (CCP) from 2001 to 2022 and investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics for this region. We propose an improved GLM-stacking ensemble learning method for CE prediction with limited sample data. The findings indicate the following: (i) From 2001 to 2022, the overall CEs show a trend of "development - decline - stabilization" and reach a peak of 172.54 Mt in 2005. CCR first exceeded the "CCR = 1" in 2008, which also indicates that reducing CEs and increasing CSs are the paths to achieving agricultural carbon neutrality. (ii) Although each province has achieved "net-zero emissions," the CCP of most urban agglomerations is about 0.5 and shows a certain agglomeration trend, indicating significant room for further carbon offset. (iii) The novel GLM-stacking model has higher prediction accuracy when compared to a single model. These findings provide scientific and technological support to realize the provincial dual carbon goals in China. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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FedFLD: Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Forget-Less Distillation

FedFLD: Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Forget-Less Dis...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IcasSP 2025

作者： Yi, Xiaoyang Zhang, Jian Chen, Jing Bao, Yuru Xing, Lingkai College of Cyber Science Nankai University China College of Computer Science Nankai University China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Network and Data Security Technology Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Federated learning, as a distributed machine learning paradigm, enhances privacy protection but faces the challenge of heterogeneity. data-free knowledge distillation (DFKD) methods attempt to overcome this challenge by using a generator to synthesize samples for fine-tuning a global model. However, these methods often suffer from significant shifts in output distribution, leading to catastrophic forgetting. To tackle these issues, we propose FedFLD, a novel federated forget-less distillation framework that mitigates catastrophic forgetting in DFKD while addressing the heterogeneity challenge. Specifically, FedFLD guides the generator's training from three key aspects and constrains the output distribution with an elastic weight consolidation penalty term. By synthesizing diverse samples from different perspectives through additional generator updates, FedFLD facilitates effective knowledge distillation from local models to the global model. Additionally, the global model is further optimized via the heterogeneity fine-tuning process, mitigating the bias from heterogeneity and resulting in a more expressive and robust model. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Catastrophic Forgetting data-free Knowledge Distillation Federated learning Heterogeneity

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DSDIR: A Two-Stage Method for Addressing Noisy Long-Tailed Problems in Malicious Traffic Detection

DSDIR: A Two-Stage Method for Addressing Noisy Long-Tailed P...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IcasSP 2025

作者： Li, Guoliang Zhang, Ruiqi Sun, Zhe Xing, Lingkai Zhang, Yu College of Cyber Science Nankai University Tianjin China College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Network and Data Security Technology Tianjin China Key Laboratory of Data and Intelligent System Security Ministry of Education Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

In recent years, deep learning based malicious traffic detection (MTD) systems have demonstrated remarkable success. However, their effectiveness tend to decrease because most malicious traffic datasets are suffered from noisy-labeled and long-tailed problems. While numerous approaches have been developed to address these two problems individually, they become inefficient when confronting the combined challenge of noisy long-tailed data, as they typically tackle only a single adverse factor at a time. This paper proposes a two-stage method called Distribution-aware sample Selection and Dynamic Instance-based Relabeling (DSDIR), which simultaneously addresses the impacts of noisy-labeled and long-tailed problems. In the first stage, a noise-independent clean sample selection method is designed to obtain a clean dataset, which converts negative effects of the long-tailed problem into positive ones. In the second stage, dynamic instance-based relabeling is designed to train a model and improve the dataset's quality simultaneously. Eventually, DSDIR not only produces a balanced and noise-tolerant model but also obtains a clean dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that in the high noise condition of 60% and 80%, the accuracy rate of DSDIR is 5% higher than the state-of-the-art methods. Our code is available at https://***/nku-ligl/DSDIR. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： deep learning distribution estimation dynamic relabeling malicious traffic detection noisy long-tailed problem

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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A circuit area optimization of MK-3 S-box

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Cybersecurity 2025年第1期8卷 61-71页

作者： Yanjun Li Weiguo Zhang Yiping Lin Jian Zou Jian Liu Information Industry Information Security Evaluation Center The 15th Research Institute of China Electronic Technology Group CorporationBeijing 100083China Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute No.7 Fufeng RoadFengtai DistricBeijing 100083China College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

In MILCOM 2015,Kelly et *** the authentication encryption algorithm MK-3,which applied the 16-bit *** paper aims to implement the 16-bit S-box with less circuit ***,we classifed the irreducible polynomials over F_(2n)into three *** we compared the logic gates required for multiplication over the fnite feld constructed by the three types of irreducible *** to the comparison result,we constructed the composite felds, F_((2^(4))^(2))and F_((2^(8))^(2)).Based on the isomorphism of fnite felds,the operations over F_(2)^(16)can be conducted over F_((2^(8))^(2)).Similarly,elements over F28 can be mapped to the corresponding elements over F_((2^(4)))^(2).Next,the SAT solver was used to optimize the operations over smaller feld F_(2)^(4).At last,the architecture of the optimized MK-3 S-box was worked *** with the implementation proposed by the original designer,the circuit area of the MK-3 S-box in this paper is reduced by at least 55.9%.

关键词： irreducible operations optimization

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Tailoring Table Retrieval from a Field-aware Hybrid Matching Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Da Bi, Keping Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi CAS Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology ICT CAS China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Table retrieval, essential for accessing information through tabular data, is less explored compared to text retrieval. The row/column structure and distinct fields of tables (including titles, headers, and cells) present unique challenges. For example, different table fields have varying matching preferences: cells may favor finer-grained (word/phrase level) matching over broader (sentence/passage level) matching due to their fragmented and detailed nature, unlike titles. This necessitates a table-specific retriever to accommodate the various matching needs of each table field. Therefore, we introduce a Table-tailored HYbrid Matching rEtriever (THYME), which approaches table retrieval from a field-aware hybrid matching perspective. Empirical results on two table retrieval benchmarks, NQ-TABLES and OTT-QA, show that THYME significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines. Comprehensive analyses confirm the differing matching preferences across table fields and validate the design of THYME. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Towards Fully Exploiting LLM Internal States to Enhance Knowledge Boundary Perception

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ni, Shiyu Bi, Keping Guo, Jiafeng Yu, Lulu Bi, Baolong Cheng, Xueqi CAS Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology ICT CAS China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across diverse tasks but often struggle to accurately gauge their knowledge boundaries, leading to confident yet incorrect responses. This paper explores leveraging LLMs’ internal states to enhance their perception of knowledge boundaries from efficiency and risk perspectives. We investigate whether LLMs can estimate their confidence using internal states before response generation, potentially saving computational resources. Our experiments on datasets like Natural Questions, HotpotQA, and MMLU reveal that LLMs demonstrate significant pre-generation perception, which is further refined post-generation, with perception gaps remaining stable across varying conditions. To mitigate risks in critical domains, we introduce Consistency-based Confidence Calibration (C3), which assesses confidence consistency through question reformulation. C3 significantly improves LLMs’ ability to recognize their knowledge gaps, enhancing the unknown perception rate by 5.6% on NQ and 4.9% on HotpotQA. Our findings suggest that pre-generation confidence estimation can optimize efficiency, while C3 effectively controls output risks, advancing the reliability of LLMs in practical applications © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Depth perception

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Deduplication and Approximate Analytics for Encrypted IoT data in Fog-Assisted Cloud Storage 24th

Deduplication and Approximate Analytics for Encrypted IoT ...

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24th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2024

作者： Wang, Rongxi Ha, Guanxiong Jia, Chunfu Li, Ruiqi Su, Zhen The College of Cyber Science Nankai University Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Network and Data Security Technology Tianjin China The College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615476

With the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, there has been a rapid increase in the volume of IoT data, leading to escalating costs in storage, transmission, and analytics. The benefits of conventional data deduplication schemes are diminishing when applied to IoT data that is similar but distinct, necessitating the development of new approaches to accommodate these new scenarios. This paper proposes a deduplication and approximate analytics scheme for encrypted IoT data in fog-assisted cloud storage. The scheme is based on Generalized Deduplication (GD), Message Locked Encryption (MLE), Homomorphic Encryption (HE), and ciphertext conversion techniques. We employ GD to divide similar but distinct IoT data into bases and deviations, and perform deduplication on the encrypted base to achieve efficient storage while protecting data privacy. Additionally, we utilize Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE) techniques to convert the symmetric ciphertext of IoT data into homomorphic ciphertext, facilitating approximate analytics while ensuring privacy protection of IoT data in fog-assisted cloud storage and reducing the computation overhead on IoT devices. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Cloud storage

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Disentangled Noisy Correspondence Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 34卷 2602-2615页

作者： Dang, Zhuohang Luo, Minnan Wang, Jihong Jia, Chengyou Han, Haochen Wan, Herun Dai, Guang Chang, Xiaojun Wang, Jingdong Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China SGIT AI Laboratory Xi’an710048 China State Grid Corporation of China State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Ltd. Xi’an710048 China University of Science and Technology of China School of Information Science and Technology Hefei230026 China Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Baidu Inc. Beijing100085 China

Cross-modal retrieval is crucial in understanding latent correspondences across modalities. However, existing methods implicitly assume well-matched training data, which is impractical as real-world data inevitably involves imperfect alignments, i.e., noisy correspondences. Although some works explore similarity-based strategies to address such noise, they suffer from sub-optimal similarity predictions influenced by modality-exclusive information (MEI), e.g., background noise in images and abstract definitions in texts. This issue arises as MEI is not shared across modalities, thus aligning it in training can markedly mislead similarity predictions. Moreover, although intuitive, directly applying previous cross-modal disentanglement methods suffers from limited noise tolerance and disentanglement efficacy. Inspired by the robustness of information bottlenecks against noise, we introduce DisNCL, a novel information-theoretic framework for feature Disentanglement in Noisy Correspondence Learning, to adaptively balance the extraction of modality-invariant information (MII) and MEI with certifiable optimal cross-modal disentanglement efficacy. DisNCL then enhances similarity predictions in modality-invariant subspace, thereby greatly boosting similarity-based alleviation strategy for noisy correspondences. Furthermore, DisNCL introduces soft matching targets to model noisy many-to-many relationships inherent in multi-modal inputs for noise-robust and accurate cross-modal alignment. Extensive experiments confirm DisNCL’s efficacy by 2% average recall improvement. Mutual information estimation and visualization results show that DisNCL learns meaningful MII/MEI subspaces, validating our theoretical analyses. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Information theory

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