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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Bao, Cong Zheng, Weihao Zhang, Qin Yang, Songyu Yao, Zhijun Hu, Bin Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Cas Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Joint Research Center for Cognitive Neurosensor Technology of Lanzhou University Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) plays a vital role in brain science as it measures and maps brain activity through the analysis of blood flow changes, offering valuable insights into cognitive functions and neural processes. However, due to the intricacy and dynamism of brain activity, conventional approaches failed to accurately predict the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) time series in fMRI data. To tackle this issue, we proposed an end-to-end adversarial U-network (AUN) to verify the predictability of existing BOLD signals in primary cortex (i.e., primary visual, primary motor and primary sensory) and higher cortex(i.e., dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior cingulate). The model combined the U-network architecture and adversarial strategy to ensure that the predicted results capture both the intricate nonlinear details and the overall distribution characteristics. We performed the experiment using the Human Connectome Project (HCP) database. The results demonstrated the predictability of both primary and higher cortex, with primary cortex showing higher predictability. Additionally, the AUN performed better than other popular methods. We also found the improvement in dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) metrics through accurate prediction. The above results confirm the feasibility of predicting BOLD signals and their potential application in clinical settings.1 © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： adversarial paradigm blood oxygen level-dependent series prediction dynamic functional connectivity functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Nested Event Extraction upon Pivot Element Recognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ren, Weicheng Li, Zixuan Jin, Xiaolong Bai, Long Su, Miao Liu, Yantao Guan, Saiping Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Nested Event Extraction (NEE) aims to extract complex event structures where an event contains other events as its arguments recursively. Nested events involve a kind of Pivot Elements (PEs) that simultaneously act as arguments of outer-nest events and as triggers of inner-nest events, and thus connect them into nested structures. This special characteristic of PEs brings challenges to existing NEE methods, as they cannot well cope with the dual identities of PEs. Therefore, this paper proposes a new model, called PerNee, which extracts nested events mainly based on recognizing PEs. Specifically, PerNee first recognizes the triggers of both inner-nest and outer-nest events and further recognizes the PEs via classifying the relation type between trigger pairs. The model uses prompt learning to incorporate information from both event types and argument roles for better trigger and argument representations to improve NEE performance. Since existing NEE datasets (e.g., Genia11) are limited to specific domains and contain a narrow range of event types with nested structures, we systematically categorize nested events in the generic domain and construct a new NEE dataset, called ACE2005-Nest. Experimental results demonstrate that PerNee consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance on ACE2005-Nest, Genia11, and Genia13. The ACE2005-Nest dataset and the code of the PerNee model are available at https://***/waysonren/PerNee. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Character recognition

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AUCSeg: AUC-oriented Pixel-level Long-tail Semantic Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Han, Boyu Xu, Qianqian Yang, Zhiyong Bao, Shilong Wen, Peisong Jiang, Yangbangyan Huang, Qingming Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS China School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Peng Cheng Laboratory China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China

The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is a well-known metric for evaluating instance-level long-tail learning problems. In the past two decades, many AUC optimization methods have been proposed to improve model performance under long-tail distributions. In this paper, we explore AUC optimization methods in the context of pixel-level long-tail semantic segmentation, a much more complicated scenario. This task introduces two major challenges for AUC optimization techniques. On one hand, AUC optimization in a pixel-level task involves complex coupling across loss terms, with structured inner-image and pairwise inter-image dependencies, complicating theoretical analysis. On the other hand, we find that mini-batch estimation of AUC loss in this case requires a larger batch size, resulting in an unaffordable space complexity. To address these issues, we develop a pixel-level AUC loss function and conduct a dependency-graph-based theoretical analysis of the algorithm’s generalization ability. Additionally, we design a Tail-Classes Memory Bank (T-Memory Bank) to manage the significant memory demand. Finally, comprehensive experiments across various benchmarks confirm the effectiveness of our proposed AUCSeg method. The code is available at https://***/boyuh/AUCSeg. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Match-Prompt: Improving Multi-task Generalization Ability for Neural Text Matching via Prompt Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Shicheng Pang, Liang Shen, Huawei Cheng, Xueqi Data Intelligence System Research Center Institute of Computing Technology CAS University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China CAS Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology CAS University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Text matching is a fundamental technique in both information retrieval and natural language processing. Text matching tasks share the same paradigm that determines the relationship between two given texts. The relationships vary from task to task, e.g. relevance in document retrieval, semantic alignment in paraphrase identification and answerable judgment in question answering. However, the essential signals for text matching remain in a finite scope, i.e. exact matching, semantic matching, and inference matching. Ideally, a good text matching model can learn to capture and aggregate these signals for different matching tasks to achieve competitive performance, while recent state-of-the-art text matching models, e.g. Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), are hard to generalize. It is because the end-to-end supervised learning on task-specific dataset makes model overemphasize the data sample bias and task-specific signals instead of the essential matching signals, which ruins the generalization of model to different tasks. To overcome this problem, we adopt a specialization-generalization training strategy and refer to it as Match-Prompt. In specialization stage, descriptions of different matching tasks are mapped to only a few prompt tokens. In generalization stage, text matching model explores the essential matching signals by being trained on diverse multiple matching tasks. High diverse matching tasks avoid model fitting the data sample bias on a specific task, so that model can focus on learning the essential matching signals. Meanwhile, the prompt tokens obtained in the first step are added to the corresponding tasks to help the model distinguish different task-specific matching signals, as well as to form the basis prompt tokens for a new matching task. In this paper, we consider five common text matching tasks including document retrieval, open-domain question answering, retrieval-based dialogue, paraphrase identification, and natural language inference. Exper

关键词： Information retrieval

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Streaming Media Load Balancing with Improved Genetic Algorithm

Streaming Media Load Balancing with Improved Genetic Algorit...

引用

Chinese Control and Decision Conference, CCDC

作者： Yang Zhang Xing Yang Yuan Xu Yanlin He Mingqing Zhang Qunxiong Zhu College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligent Computing Institute of International Innovation Beihang University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798350387780

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387797

The load balancing algorithm of streaming media server is facing unique challenges. Different from the traditional Web server, the streaming media server needs to consider the characteristics of real-time, bandwidth occupation and multimedia data transmission. Therefore, the traditional load balancing algorithm is not necessarily suitable for streaming media servers, and needs special design and research. Aiming at the network requests of streaming media server clusters, a multi-dimensional matrix evaluation method based on streaming media characteristics is proposed, the genetic algorithm is improved, and it is applied to the dynamic load balancing algorithm scheduling scenario, and analyzed and simulated. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the average execution time of all requests, speed up the average response time and improve throughput.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms Clustering algorithms Streaming media Throughput Load management Dynamic scheduling Web servers

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Provably Secure Authenticated key-Management Mechanism for e-Healthcare Environment

引用

IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Saleem, Muhammad Asad Li, Xiong Mahmood, Khalid Ghaffar, Zahid Xie, Yong Wang, Guijuan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu611731 China National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology Douliu64002 Taiwan Qinghai Institute of Technology School of Computer and Information Science China Qinghai Provincial Laboratory for Intelligent Computing and Application China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Jinan250353 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan250353 China

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly permeating all aspects of human life, involving a network of devices that share sensitive data. A notable application is the e-healthcare systems, which employ connected sensors, medical servers, and wearable devices. However, the public nature of communication in e-healthcare systems poses challenges such as security, privacy, and authentication of participating entities. Recently, many authentication protocols have been introduced to address these challenges. However, most of these protocols remain vulnerable to various security attacks, including device or medical server impersonation, denial of service, physical or cloning, and de-synchronization attacks. Therefore, we introduce an authenticated key-management protocol utilizing hash functions and Cipher-Block Chaining-Advanced Encryption Standard encryption (CBC-AES) encryption. The proposed protocol also employs the Physical Unclonable Function (PUF), which makes it more robust and efficient in resisting physical or cloning attacks. Additionally, the proposed scheme resists various security threats, including impersonation, session key leakage, ephemeral secret leakage, and de-synchronization attacks. We analyze the scheme’s security and reliability through formal and informal analysis. The informal analysis demonstrates that the scheme encompasses crucial security features, while the formal analysis substantiates. Moreover, performance analysis of the proposed protocol with various competing results indicates that our protocol achieves an average reduction in communication and computation overheads by 36.03.% and 41.79%, respectively. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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M3GIA: A Cognition Inspired Multilingual and Multimodal General Intelligence Ability Benchmark

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Song, Wei Li, Yadong Xu, Jianhua Wu, Guowei Ming, Lingfeng Yi, Kexin Luo, Weihua Li, Houyi Du, Yi Guo, Fangda Yu, Kaicheng AutoLab Westlake University China AI Business Alibaba Group China Zhejiang University China Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology CAS China Key Laboratory of AI Safety Institute of Computing Technology CAS China

As recent multi-modality large language models (MLLMs) have shown formidable proficiency on various complex tasks, there has been increasing attention on debating whether these models could eventually mirror human intelligence. However, existing benchmarks mainly focus on evaluating solely on task performance, such as the accuracy of identifying the attribute of an object. Combining well-developed cognitive science to understand the intelligence of MLLMs beyond superficial achievements remains largely unexplored. To this end, we introduce the first cognitive-driven multi-lingual and multi-modal benchmark to evaluate the general intelligence ability of MLLMs, dubbed M3GIA. Specifically, we identify five key cognitive factors based on the well-recognized Cattell-Horn-Carrol (CHC) model of intelligence and propose a novel evaluation metric. In addition, since most MLLMs are trained to perform in different languages, a natural question arises: is language a key factor influencing the cognitive ability of MLLMs? As such, we go beyond English to encompass other languages based on their popularity, including Chinese, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Korean, to construct our M3GIA. We make sure all the data relevant to the cultural backgrounds are collected from their native context to avoid English-centric bias. We collected a significant corpus of data from human participants, revealing that the most advanced MLLM reaches the lower boundary of human intelligence in English. Yet, there remains a pronounced disparity in the other five languages assessed. We also reveals an interesting winner takes all phenomenon that are aligned with the discovery in cognitive studies. Our benchmark will be open-sourced, with the aspiration of facilitating the enhancement of cognitive capabilities in MLLMs. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Entity disambiguation method based on Graph Attention networks 14

Entity disambiguation method based on Graph Attention Networ...

引用

14th International Conference on Measuring technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2022

作者： Qiang, Chengyu Li, Xiaogo Ma, Xianyan Han, Wei Yao, Yi School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi'an71012 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China Xi 'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499781

Entity disambiguation based on entity-link is a technique which constructs the mappings between entity reference items appearing in the short text and target entity in knowledge base respectively. In this paper we propose an entity disambiguation method based on Graph Attention networks for semi-structured knowledge base data. First, a global Knowledge Graph is constructed from the semi-structured knowledge base, and the entity reference items are embedded by Bert pre-trained model meanwhile. Next, Graph Attention networks which leverages masked self-attention layers is applyed on candidate entity nodes of global Knowledge Graph to fetch a vector of node level. Furtherly, we compute similarity scores rank between the entity reference items and the candidate entity to complete the task of entity disambiguation. The experimental results on CCKS2019 dataset achieve state-of-the-art. © 2022 IEEE

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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User Information Enhanced Knowledge Graph Convolutional networks for Recommender Systems 14

User Information Enhanced Knowledge Graph Convolutional Netw...

引用

14th International Conference on Measuring technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2022

作者： Hao, Junyu Li, Xiaoge School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi'an71012 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China Xi'an Key laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499781

To deeply excavate the information contained in user data and better alleviate cold start problem, we propose KGCN++, a user information enhanced knowledge graph convolutional networks model for recommender system, which simulates nerves' influence diffusion of information of user and items in a unified framework. The model combines user information and user-item interaction information into a user knowledge graph, which advances KGCN by injecting high-order user potential information reflected in user graph and high-order influence of items reflected in item knowledge graph. In addition, we have designed the influence factors of different items on users, which are used to characterize the weight of items on the user's information dissemination, so as to distinguish users with different information. Through extensive experiments on real-world datasets, we demonstrate that KGCN++ achieves substantial gains in a variety of ecenarios, including movie and book recommendation, better performance compared to the other methods. © 2022 IEEE

关键词： Recommender systems

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The Power of Bamboo: On the Post-Compromise Security for Searchable Symmetric Encryption 30

The Power of Bamboo: On the Post-Compromise Security for Sea...

引用

30th Annual network and Distributed System Security Symposium, NDSS 2023

作者： Chen, Tianyang Xu, Peng Picek, Stjepan Luo, Bo Susilo, Willy Jin, Hai Liang, Kaitai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Digital Security Group Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands Department of EECS Institute of Information Sciences The University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong WollongongNSW2522 Australia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CD Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)1891562835

Dynamic searchable symmetric encryption (DSSE) enables users to delegate the keyword search over dynamically updated encrypted databases to an honest-but-curious server without losing keyword privacy. This paper studies a new and practical security risk to DSSE, namely, secret key compromise (e.g., a user’s secret key is leaked or stolen), which threatens all the security guarantees offered by existing DSSE schemes. To address this open problem, we introduce the notion of searchable encryption with key-update (SEKU) that provides users with the option of non-interactive key updates. We further define the notion of post-compromise secure with respect to leakage functions to study whether DSSE schemes can still provide data security after the client’s secret key is compromised. We demonstrate that post-compromise security is achievable with a proposed protocol called "Bamboo". Interestingly, the leakage functions of Bamboo satisfy the requirements for both forward and backward security. We conduct a performance evaluation of Bamboo using a real-world dataset and compare its runtime efficiency with the existing forward-and-backward secure DSSE schemes. The result shows that Bamboo provides strong security with better or comparable performance. © 2023 30th Annual network and Distributed System Security Symposium, NDSS 2023. All Rights Reserved.

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