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arXiv 2020年

作者： Cai, Hanshu Gao, Yiwen Sun, Shuting Li, Na Tian, Fuze Xiao, Han Li, Jianxiu Yang, Zhengwu Li, Xiaowei Zhao, Qinglin Liu, Zhenyu Yao, Zhijun Yang, Minqiang Peng, Hong Zhu, Jing Zhang, Xiaowei Gao, Guoping Zheng, Fang Li, Rui Guo, Zhihua Ma, Rong Yang, Jing Zhang, Lan Hu, Xiping Li, Yumin Hu, Bin Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences China Joint Research Center for Cognitive Neurosensor Technology of Lanzhou University Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences China Open Source Software and Real-Time System Lanzhou University Ministry of Education China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Lanzhou University Second Hospital China

According to the World Health Organization, the number of mental disorder patients, especially depression patients, has grown rapidly and become a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. However, the present common practice of depression diagnosis is based on interviews and clinical scales carried out by doctors, which is not only labor-consuming but also time-consuming. One important reason is due to the lack of physiological indicators for mental disorders. With the rising of tools such as data mining and artificial intelligence, using physiological data to explore new possible physiological indicators of mental disorder and creating new applications for mental disorder diagnosis has become a new research hot topic. However, good quality physiological data for mental disorder patients are hard to acquire. We present a multi-modal open dataset for mental-disorder analysis. The dataset includes EEG and audio data from clinically depressed patients and matching normal controls. All our patients were carefully diagnosed and selected by professional psychiatrists in hospitals. The EEG dataset includes not only data collected using traditional 128-electrodes mounted elastic cap, but also a novel wearable 3-electrode EEG collector for pervasive applications. The 128-electrodes EEG signals of 53 subjects were recorded as both in resting state and under stimulation;the 3-electrode EEG signals of 55 subjects were recorded in resting state;the audio data of 52 subjects were recorded during interviewing, reading, and picture description. We encourage other researchers in the field to use it for testing their methods of mental-disorder analysis. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Multi-User Probabilistic Semantic Communication with Semantic Compression Ratio Optimization

Multi-User Probabilistic Semantic Communication with Semanti...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC

作者： Zhouxiang Zhao Zhaohui Yang Mingzhe Chen Changsheng You Qianqian Yang Wei Xu Zhaoyang Zhang College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Info. Proc. Commun. & Netw. (IPCAN) Hangzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350304053

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304060

In this paper, the problem of joint transmission and computation resource allocation for a multi-user probabilistic semantic communication (PSC) network is investigated. In the considered model, users employ semantic information extraction techniques to compress their large-sized raw data before transmitting them to a multi-antenna base station (BS). Our model represents the raw data through comprehensive knowledge graphs, utilizing shared probability graphs between users and the BS for efficient semantic compression. The resource allocation problem is formulated as an optimization problem with the objective of maximizing the sum of equivalent rate of all users, considering total power budget constraint. This joint optimization problem inherently addresses the delicate balance between transmission efficiency and computational complexity. To address this optimization challenge, we present an iterative algorithm in which the optimal solution for the semantic compression ratio of a specific user is determined at each iteration. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： Conferences Computational modeling Semantics Knowledge graphs Probabilistic logic Information retrieval data models

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Neuromodulated Meta-Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jingyao Guo, Huijie Qiang, Wenwen Li, Jiangmeng Zheng, Changwen Xiong, Hui Hua, Gang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Space Integrated Information System Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing China Thrust of Artificial Intelligence Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Wormpex AI Research LLC BellevueWA98004 United States

Humans excel at adapting perceptions and actions to diverse environments, enabling efficient interaction with the external world. This adaptive capability relies on the biological nervous system (BNS), which activates different brain regions for distinct tasks. Meta-learning similarly trains machines to handle multiple tasks but relies on a fixed network structure, not as flexible as BNS. To investigate the role of flexible network structure (FNS) in meta-learning, we conduct extensive empirical and theoretical analyses, finding that model performance is tied to structure, with no universally optimal pattern across tasks. This reveals the crucial role of FNS in meta-learning, ensuring meta-learning to generate the optimal structure for each task, thereby maximizing the performance and learning efficiency of meta-learning. Motivated by this insight, we propose to define, measure, and model FNS in meta-learning. First, we define that an effective FNS should possess frugality, plasticity, and sensitivity. Then, to quantify FNS in practice, we present three measurements for these properties, collectively forming the structure constraint with theoretical supports. Building on this, we finally propose Neuromodulated Meta-Learning (NeuronML) to model FNS in meta-learning. It utilizes bi-level optimization to update both weights and structure with the structure constraint. Extensive theoretical and empirical evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of NeuronML on various tasks. Code is publicly available at https://***/WangJingyao07/NeuronML. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Deep Learning Strategies for Addressing Anomalous Exposure in Image Processing: The FARDBUNet Approach

Deep Learning Strategies for Addressing Anomalous Exposure i...

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High Performance Big data and Intelligent Systems (HPBD&IS)

作者： Qi Zhou Kai Yang Zunwang Ke Gang Wang Yugui Zhang Yizhen Jia Fengcai Cao Junxiao Ma Changlin Liu Kaijie Zhang Min Wu School of Semiconductor Science and Technology South China Normal University GuangZhou China AnnLab Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Neural Network Intelligent Sensing and Computing Technology Beijing China CGNPC Uranium Industry Development Co. Ltd. Beijing China School of Software Xinjiang University Urumqi China School of Computing and Data Engineering NingboTech University Ningbo China School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Zhongke Shangyi Health Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd. Beijing China School of Information Beijing Forestry University Beijing China

In real-world scenarios, capturing scenes with excessive dynamic range often leads to the partial loss of highlight or dark area information due to irradiance variations and limitations in the capture capabilities of imaging devices caused by their size and material constraints. This phenomenon gives rise to anomalous exposure problems and triggers the loss of crucial initial details, thereby becoming a significant obstacle to achieving high image quality. Despite numerous researchers' integration of exposure compensation techniques into the imaging process, the anomalous exposure problem remains unsolved, hindering progress in image processing. Consequently, considerable research is valuable in implementing exposure calibration techniques on visual perception and multimedia devices. This dissertation proposes FARDBUNet, a novel end-to-end exposure calibration model designed to address the anomalous exposure problem. A key innovation of FARDBUNet is the incorporation of a fused attention mechanism, enabling the model to prioritize regions needing enhanced correction while accounting for the global exposure characteristics of the image. Additionally, to tackle the challenge of inadequate information availability in the localized areas due to exposure issues, we introduce an atrous residual dense block that efficiently captures local information by expanding the receptive field. Comprehensive tests validate the effectiveness of our suggested model, which performs on par with leading techniques on expansive exposure datasets.

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Larger Receptive Field and Context Information for Pose Estimation: Larger Gaussian Kernel

Larger Receptive Field and Context Information for Pose Esti...

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High Performance Big data and Intelligent Systems (HPBD&IS)

作者： Junxiao Ma Kai Yang Zunwang Ke Gang Wang Yugui Zhang Fengcai Cao Qi Zhou Yang Fei School of Information Beijing Forestry University Beijing China AnnLab Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China CGNPC Uranium Industry Development Co. Ltd. Beijing China School of Software Xinjiang University Urumqi China School of Computing and Data Engineering NingboTech University Ningbo China Beijing Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Neural Network Intelligent Sensing and Computing Technology Beijing China School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Zhongke Shangyi Health Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd. Beijing China School of Semiconductor Science and Technology South China Normal University GuangZhou China

The field of pose estimation has a wide range of application prospects in various industries in the current era. With the continuous development of deep learning techniques, the effects in the field of human pose estimation are constantly being optimized. However, due to the influence of factors such as occlusion and human posture variability, it is easy to lead to inaccurate identification of keypoints and even keypoints' missing and matching errors, there is still a lot of optimization space for the effect of pose estimation. In this paper, we propose an improvement to generate heatmaps in the training process: increase the radius of the Gaussian kernel and adjust the smoothness of Gaussian distribution to get a larger receptive field, encourage the model to use more context information in prediction, and control other parameters unchanged on the premise of using heatmap regression. Improve keypoint detection performance by optimizing this item. In the experiment, for the COCO-keypoint data set, we selected different methods published in recent years, and after our improvement, we obtained better accuracy and performance than the original method, which proves the validity of our method.

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Authentication of metropolitan quantum key distribution network with post-quantum cryptography

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Yong-Hua Li, Pei-Yuan Ma, Shi-Zhao Qian, Xiao-Cong Zhang, Kai-Yi Wang, Liu-Jun Zhang, Wan-Li Zhou, Fei Tang, Shi-Biao Wang, Jia-Yong Yu, Yu Zhang, Qiang Pan, Jian-Wei CAS Quantum Network Co. Ltd Shanghai201315 China QuantumCTek Co. Ltd Hefei230088 China Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology Jinan250101 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Qizhi Institute Shanghai200232 China School of Physics and Astronomy and Yunnan Key Laboratory for Quantum Information Yunnan University Kunming650500 China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information theoretically secures key exchange requiring authentication of the classic data processing channel via pre-sharing of symmetric private keys. In previous studies, the lattice-based post-quantum digital signature algorithm Aigis-Sig, combined with public-key infrastructure (PKI) was used to achieve highefficiency quantum security authentication of QKD, and its advantages in simplifying the MAN network structure and new user entry were demonstrated. This experiment further integrates the PQC algorithm into the commercial QKD system, the Jinan field metropolitan QKD network comprised of 14 user nodes and 5 optical switching nodes. The feasibility, effectiveness and stability of the post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithm and advantages of replacing trusted relays with optical switching brought by PQC authentication large-scale metropolitan area QKD network were verified. QKD with PQC authentication has potential in quantum-secure communications, specifically in metropolitan QKD networks. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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A Neural-Guided Dynamic Symbolic network for Exploring Mathematical Expressions from data

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Wenqiang Li, Weijun Yu, Lina Wu, Min Sun, Linjun Liu, Jingyi Li, Yanjie Wei, Shu Deng, Yusong Hao, Meilan AnnLab Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Neural Network Intelligent Sensing and Computing Technology Beijing China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Symbolic regression (SR) is a powerful technique for discovering the underlying mathematical expressions from observed data. Inspired by the success of deep learning, recent deep generative SR methods have shown promising results. However, these methods face difficulties in processing high-dimensional problems and learning constants due to the large search space, and they don’t scale well to unseen problems. In this work, we propose DYSYMNET, a novel neural-guided Dynamic Symbolic network for SR. Instead of searching for expressions within a large search space, we explore symbolic networks with various structures, guided by reinforcement learning, and optimize them to identify expressions that better-fitting the data. Based on extensive numerical experiments on low-dimensional public standard benchmarks and the well-known SRBench with more variables, DYSYMNET shows clear superiority over several representative baseline models. Open source code is available at https://***/AILWQ/DySymNet. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Low-resolution face recognition in the wild via selective knowledge distillation

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Ge, Shiming Zhao, Shengwei Li, Chenyu Li, Jia Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100095 China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Cyber Security at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100191 China

Typically, the deployment of face recognition models in the wild needs to identify low-resolution faces with extremely low computational cost. To address this problem, a feasible solution is compressing a complex face model to achieve higher speed and lower memory at the cost of minimal performance drop. Inspired by that, this paper proposes a learning approach to recognize low-resolution faces via selective knowledge distillation. In this approach, a two-stream convolutional neural network (CNN) is first initialized to recognize high-resolution faces and resolution-degraded faces with a teacher stream and a student stream, respectively. The teacher stream is represented by a complex CNN for high-accuracy recognition, and the student stream is represented by a much simpler CNN for low-complexity recognition. To avoid significant performance drop at the student stream, we then selectively distil the most informative facial features from the teacher stream by solving a sparse graph optimization problem, which are then used to regularize the fine-tuning process of the student stream. In this way, the student stream is actually trained by simultaneously handling two tasks with limited computational resources: approximating the most informative facial cues via feature regression, and recovering the missing facial cues via low-resolution face classification. Experimental results show that the student stream performs impressively in recognizing low-resolution faces and costs only 0.15MB memory and runs at 418 faces per second on CPU and 9, 433 faces per second on GPU. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Designing and Application of Wearable Fatigue Detection System Based on Multimodal Physiological Signals

Designing and Application of Wearable Fatigue Detection Syst...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Xiaoxuan Qiu Fuze Tian Qiuxia Shi Qinglin Zhao Bin Hu Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Joint Research Center for Cognitive Neurosensor Technology of Lanzhou University Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Engineering Research Center of Open Source Software and Real-Time System (Lanzhou University) Ministry of Education Lanzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781728162157

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162164

Judging mental fatigue can be guided by acquiring and analyzing various physiological data. However, the existing equipment focuses on single physiological signals, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG), which ignores the preponderance of multimodal physiological signals in fatigue states. Alternatively, some equipment is difficult to operate and thus unsuitable for portable applications. To this end, this paper details the design of a miniaturized multi-physiological signal acquisition system. The system not only acquires EEG and ECG based on combining wavelet transform with Kalman filter, but also uses precise temperature sensors to synchronously acquire proximal skin temperature signals which are not easily interfered with by environmental noise or other physiological signals of human body. Through a fatigue assessment experiment on ten healthy subjects, it was verified that our equipment reliably detects mental fatigue states by monitoring and analyzing EEG, ECG, and proximal skin temperature data. In actual applications, this system appears to the traits of easy operation and good stability. It provides better hardware support for the pervasive applications and concrete implementation of mental health in multi-scene, and can popularize use.

关键词： Fatigue Electrocardiography Electroencephalography Skin Temperature measurement Temperature distribution Temperature sensors

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EEG Based Depression Recognition by Combining Functional Brain network and Traditional Biomarkers

EEG Based Depression Recognition by Combining Functional Bra...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Shuting Sun Huayu Chen Xuexiao Shao Liangliang Liu Xiaowei Li Bin Hu Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China CAS Center for Excellence in BrainScience and Intelligence Technology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Cognitive Neurosensor Technology of Lanzhou University & Institute of Semiconductors Beijing China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Open Source Software and Real-Time System (Lanzhou University) Lanzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781728162157

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162164

This Electroencephalography (EEG)-based research is to explore the effective biomarkers for depression recognition. Resting-state EEG data were collected from 24 major depressive patients (MDD) and 29 normal controls using 128-electrode geodesic sensor net. To better identify depression, we extracted multi-type of EEG features including linear features (L), nonlinear features (NL), functional connectivity features phase lagging index (PLI) and network measures (NM) to comprehensively characterize the EEG signals in patients with MDD. And machine learning algorithms and statistical analysis were used to evaluate the EEG features. Combined multi-types features (All: L+ NL + PLI + NM) outperformed single-type features for classifying depression. Analyzing the optimal features set we found that compared to other type features, PLI occupied the largest proportion of which functional connections in intra-hemisphere were much more than that of in inter-hemisphere. In addition, when using PLI features and All features, high frequency bands (alpha, beta) could achieve obviously higher classification accuracy than low frequency bands (delta, theta). Parietal-occipital lobe in the high frequency bands had great effect in depression identification. In conclusion, combined multi-types EEG features along with a robust classifier can better distinguish depressive patients from normal controls. And intra-hemispheric functional connections might be an effective biomarker to detect depression. Hence, this paper may provide objective and potential electrophysiological characteristics in depression recognition.

关键词： Electroencephalography Depression Feature extraction Electrodes Biomarkers Support vector machines Entropy

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