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International Electron devices Meeting (IEdM)

作者： Chang Kohyama Kakuma Sudo Asao Kumagai Matsuoka Ishiuchi Sawada Circuit Technology R&D Silicon Process Laboratory Hewlett Packard Company Palo Alto CA USA Semicondutor Device Engineering Laborotary Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan Semicond. Device Eng. Lab. Toshiba Corp. Kawasaki Japan

A new buried channel PMOSFET structure by forming P+ poly-Si sidewall spacers next to the main N+ poly-Si gate electrode is proposed and developed for deep submicron applications. By using this new device structure, the current drivability of a 0.3 mu m PMOSFET is increased by about 40%. This significant increase in current drivability can be attributed to the parasitic resistance reduction due to the formation of P-type inversion layers under the two P+ poly-Si sidewall spacers. Because of the work function difference between the N+ poly-Si gate electrode and the P+ poly-Si spacers, the Si surface under the P+ poly-Si spacers is always more inverted than the channel. As a result, the parasitic resistance is always much lower than the channel resistance. Furthermore, those induced inversion layers act as ultra shallow junctions ( >

关键词： Insulated gate FETs Inversion layers Work function

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CAd CAM GOES TO SEA - THE SAAr-5 dESIGN ANd CONSTrUCTION

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NAVAL ENGINEErS JOUrNAL 1992年第3期104卷 148-155页

作者： LINdGrEN, Jr SOLITArIO, WA MOOrE, AP STrEIFF, MA John R. Lindgren Jr:. is vice president for engineering at Ingalls Shipbuilding Inc. a Division of Litton Industries in Pascagoula Miss. He joined Ingalls in 1958 and has held various positions in the Engineering Division and participated in the design of numerous merchant ships drill rigs submarines and surface combatants and auxiliary support ships. Mr. Lindgren is a 1958 graduate of the University of Southwest Louisiana. His degree is in mechanical engineering and he is also a licensed professional engineer. William A. Solitario:is the director of advanced technology at Ingalls Shipbuilding Inc. in Pascagoula Miss. He received his B.S. degree in chemical engineering from the City University of New York and has 28 years experience in marine engineering and design. His current responsibilities include the direction of Ingalls' IRAD programs and several Navy-funded R&D programs to improve ship's performance and reduce ship's operating costs. He is a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers and past chairman of the Gulf Section East Area. Arnold P. Moore:is the director design engineering at Ingalls Shipbuilding where he is responsible for all new construction design and engineering activities. Prior to promotion to his current position Mr. Moore served as chief naval architect at Ingalls. He has 24 years experience in ship design construction and repair. Mr. Moore holds the professional degree of ocean engineer as well as a master's degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. He also earned a bachelor's degree in naval science from the U.S. Naval Academy and is a registered professional engineer. Mr. Moore served as an engineering duty officer in the U.S. Navy and is currently a captain in the Naval Reserve. He is a past chairman of the Gulf Section of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers and a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and Sigma Xi. Michel A. Streiff:is the manager of CAD/CAM applications at Ingalls Shipbuilding Inc. His

The SA'Ar-5 Corvette Program is the first major warship construction to be entirely accomplished using a 3-dimensional, interference checked computer based design. This paper discusses the organization and approach used to create the design models which form the basis for interference checking as well as the source of extracted production data. The design or product model is the nucleus of the computer data base that defines the configuration of the entire ship. The data base includes geometry, weight, and material, as well as production control data. The ability of the computer to link such diverse information is the key to maintaining configuration control during the course of the design and construction. The ease with which formatted manufacturing data (both N.C. fabrication and installation) can be extracted enables the preparation of detailed packages containing the desired geometry as well as the associated material and sequencing data, thus assuring the producibility of the design. The SA'Ar-5 design is CAd/CAM's state of the art in U.S. shipbuilding.

关键词： Warships

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Electromigration characteristics of Al/W via contact under unidirectional and bidirectional current conditions 8

Electromigration characteristics of Al/W via contact under u...

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8th International IEEE VLSI Multilevel Interconnection Conference, VMIC 1991

作者： Tao, Jiang Young, K.K. Pico, Carey A. Cheung, Nathan W. Hu, Chenming Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States HP Company Circuit Technology R and D Palo AltoCA94304 United States

ISBN: (纸本)087942673X

In this study, we investigated the electromigration performances of selective CVd tungsten filled vias under dC and AC stressing current signals. Our results show that the electromigration failure always occurred in metal 2 layer at the via area. The AC lifetimes of the test structure are found to be much longer (more than 1000X) than dC lifetimes under same peak stressing current density. No obvious electromigration induced damage was observed in metal 1 in the test structure we studied. © 1991 IEEE.

关键词： Electromigration

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A new approach to optimal transistor sizing in CMOS digital designs

A new approach to optimal transistor sizing in CMOS digital ...

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China International Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： Sang Heon Lee Kyung Ho Kim Young Keun Lee Song Bai Park Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea R & D Center Semiconductor Business Samsung Electronics Company Limited Kyunggi South Korea

The authors present a new method of transistor sizing, in which the mathematical method is used for sizing of critical paths and the heuristic method is used for desizing of non-critical paths. The distributed rC delay model is used in the delay calculation, and the active transistor area is used in the area calculation. In order to reduce the overall problem dimension, a basic block called an extended stage is introduced which includes a basic stage, parallel transistors and a complementary part. Optimization for multiple critical paths is formulated as a problem of area minimization subject to delay constraints and is solved by the augmented Lagrange multiplier method. The transistor sizes along non-critical paths are decreased successively without affecting the critical path delay times. The proposed scheme was successfully applied to several test circuits.< >

关键词： delay digital circuits Circuit simulation Transistors Circuit testing Switches CMOS technology Optimization methods CMOS digital integrated circuits Constraint optimization

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design optimization for deep-submicron CMOS device at low temperature operation

Design optimization for deep-submicron CMOS device at low te...

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International Electron devices Meeting (IEdM)

作者： M. Kakumu d. Peters H.Y. Liu K.Y. Chiu Silicon Process Laboratory Circuit Technology R&D Hewlett Packard Company Palo Alto CA USA Semiconductor Device Engineering Toshiba Corporation Japan

design optimization for 0.3 mu m channel CMOS technology at liquid-nitrogen temperature. (77 K) is described. The trade-off between circuit performance and reliability of deep submicrometer CMOS devices at low-temperature operation is theoretically and experimentally examined. A simulator has been developed which selects power-supply voltage and process/device parameters for low-temperature operation. Based on the simulated results, design optimization for low-temperature operation has been proposed to determine power-supply voltage and various process and device parameters. This scaling guideline has been applied to a 0.3 mu m CMOS device. Excellent device characteristics and a functional ring oscillator circuit have been obtained at 77 K.< >

关键词： design optimization CMOS technology Circuit simulation Voltage Temperature Circuit optimization reliability theory Guidelines ring oscillators

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Application of a self-organizing fuzzy control to the joint control of a Puma-760 robot

Application of a self-organizing fuzzy control to the joint ...

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EEE International Workshop on Intelligent robots and Systems, Towards a New Frontier of Applications

作者： K.C. Koh H.S. Cho S.K. Kim I.S. Jeong Department of Production Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Robotics R & D Team Samsung Electronics Company Limited Suwon South Korea

The control performance of the present self-organizing control (SOC) algorithm is often limited due to quantization of process variables and large amount of computation time required within small sampling time. To improve these limitations this paper presents a combined control structure in which the conventional P-control law is used in parallel with a modified fuzzy SOC algorithm. To run the algorithm fast, the inference mechanism of the fuzzy rules is simplified by modifying the SOC algorithm. Addition of the P-control law is made in the feedforward path to guarantee stability at initial stage before the rules are completely created. To test the performance of the proposed control scheme and structure, a series of experiments were performed using a PUMA-760 robot. The experimental results show that the proposed structure can be effectively applied to the control of robot manipulators when implemented to the personal computer.< >

关键词： Fuzzy control Inference algorithms Quantization Sampling methods Inference mechanisms Stability Testing Performance evaluation robot control Manipulators

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THE FOOd SAFETY OF TrANSGENIC ANIMALS

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BIO-technology 1990年第9期8卷 819-&页

作者： BErKOWITZ, dB David B. Berkowitz VMD Ph.D. is with the Food Safety and Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture South Building Room 4911 Washington DC 20250. These opinions are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Food Safety and Inspection Service.REFERENCES Seidel G.E. 1989. Genetics in the Pasture. Technology Review. 92: 42.|ISI|Hayes A.W. 1982. Principles and Methods of Toxicology. Raven Press New York.Capecchi M.R. 1989. Altering the genome by homologous recombination. Science 244: 1288.|Article|PubMed|ISI|ChemPort|Ross E.M. and Gilman A.G. 1985. In The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. A. G. Gilman L. S.Goodman T. W.Rall and F. Murad (eds.) Macmillan Publishing Company New York.Darnell J. Lodish H. and Baltimore D. 1986. Molecular Cell Biology. Scientific American Books New York.Stuber C.W. and Goodman M.M. 1983. Allozyme genotypes for popular and historically important inbred lines of corn Zea mays L. U.S. Department of Agriculture ARR-S-16. Washington DC.Nevo E. 1978. Genetic Variation in Natural Populations:Patterns and Theory. Theoretical Population Biology 13: 121.|PubMed|ISI|ChemPort|Bell K. 1983. The blood groups of domestic animals In Red Blood Cells of Domestic Animals. N. S. Agar and P. G. Board (eds.) Elsevier Amsterdam.Jacob F. 1982. The possible and the actual. Pantheon Books New York.Yanagisawa M. Kurihara H. Kimura S. Tomobe Y. Kobayashi M. Mitsui Y. Yazaki Y. Goto K. and Masaki T. 1988. A novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells. Nature 332: 411.|Article|PubMed|ISI|ChemPort|Granger D.N. Barrowman J.A. and Kvietys P.R. 1985. Clinical Gastrointestinal Physiology. W.B. Saunders Company Philadelphia.Smith E.L. Hill R.L. Lehman I.R. Lefkowitz R.J. Handler P. and White A. 1983. Principles of Biochemistry. McGraw-Hill Book Company New York.Goodman R.M. Hauptli H. Crossway A. and Knauf V.C. 1987. Gene transfer in crop improvement. Science 236: 48.|ISI|ChemPort|Gi

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COMPArATIVE STrUCTUrAL LIFE ASSESSMENT OF PATrOL BOAT BOTTOM PLATING

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NAVAL ENGINEErS JOUrNAL 1990年第3期102卷 253-262页

作者： AYYUB, BM WHITE, GJ BELLWrIGHT, TF PUrCELL, ES Bilal M. Ayyub:is currently an associate professor of civil engineering at the University of Maryland. He received his B.S. degree in civil engineering from the University of Kuwait in 1980. He completed both his M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Ayyub has an extensive background in risk-based analysis. He is engaged in research work involving structural reliability marine structures and mathematical modeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. His research work has been sponsored by the National Transportation Safety Board National Science Foundation U.S. Coast Guard Department of Defense State of Maryland and University of Maryland. He is the author of more than 100 publications in national and international journals conference proceedings and reports. Dr. Ayyub was a recipient of the ASNE “Jimmie” Hamilton Award for 1985 the ASCE “Outstanding Research Oriented Paper” in theJournal of Water Resources Planning and Managementfor 1987 and Edmund Friedman Young Engineer Award for Professional Achievement from ASCE for 1989. Gregory J. White:is an associate professor of naval architecture at the U.S. Naval Academy. He received his B.S. degreein engineering mechanics from Vanderbilt University in 1975 an M.E. degree in naval architecture from the University of California Berkeley in 1981 and a Ph.D. in civil engineering (structures) from the University of Maryland in 1986. Dr. White served on active duty with the U.S. Navy from 1975 to 1979 as a junior officer in the engineering and operations departments of Pacific Fleet destroyers. Prior to coming to the Naval Academy he worked at Mare Island Naval Shipyard in the scientific code and in the R&D division of Exxon International company's Tanker Department. Dr. White is the author of more than two dozen technical articles and reports and is one of the U.S. representatives to the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC). His research interests lie in t

The estimation of an absolute life expectancy of a structure is a complex process and the results are expected to have relatively large levels of uncertainty. In this study, a comparative analysis is undertaken between two different patrol boats. This is an approach which results in a higher confidence level because certain factors common to both boats can be eliminated by assuming them to be at constant normal levels. The study is limited to the critical forward bottom plating and takes into account the differences in material, plate dimensions, operational profile, structure and loading of the two vessels. Two failure modes, plastic plate deformation and fatigue, are considered, and a novel approach to plate wastage is included. Many factors affect the structural life of a vessel. They include structural type, operational profile, structural details, loads, inspection and maintenance, design methods, safety factors, corrosion, and environmental factors. There are three types of uncertainty associated with these factors; namely, physical randomness, statistical uncertainties, and model uncertainties. The method described is designed to address these uncertainties. The objective of the paper is to present the reliability-based structural life assessment method, and then to use it to evaluate and compare the structural performance of the forward bottom plating of the two patrol boats. The results of the evaluation are presented in the form of graphs and tables in order to facilitate the comparative evaluation. The method is performed within a computer-based format which allows parametric sensitivity analysis of several variables including the size of the plating panel, thickness, operational profile and loading. The sensitivity of the structural life expectancy of the forward bottom plating to variations in these parameters is evaluated.

关键词： Naval Vessels

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ESTIMATION OF STrUCTUrAL SErVICE LIFE OF SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEErS JOUrNAL 1989年第3期101卷 156-166页

作者： AYYUB, BM WHITE, GJ PUrCELL, ES P.E. Bilal M. Ayyub:is currently an associate professor of civil engineering at the University of Maryland. He received his B.S. degree in civil engineering from the University of Kuwait in 1980. He completed both his M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Ayyub has an extensive background in risk-based analysis and design simulation and construction engineering. He is engaged in research work involving structural reliability bridges marine structures and mathematical modeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. His research work is sponsored by the National Transportation Safety Board the National Science Foundation the U.S. Coast Guard the State of Maryland and the University of Maryland. Dr. Ayyub is a member of ASNE the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) the American Concrete Institute (ACI) the Committee on Forensic Engineering of ASCE and the Committee on Structural Safety of ACI. He is the author of more than three dozen publications in national and international journals conference proceedings and reports. Dr. Ayyub received the ASNE “Jimmie” Hamilton Award for 1985 and the ASCE “Outstanding Research Oriented Paper” in the Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management for 1987. Gregory J. White:is an associate professor of naval architecture at the U.S. Naval Academy. He received his B.S. degree in engineering mechanics from Vanderbilt University in 1975 an M.E. degree in naval architecture from the University of California Berkeley in 1981 and a Ph.D. in civil engineering (structures) from the University of Maryland in 1986. Dr. White served on active duty with the U.S. Navy from 1975 to 1979 as a junior officer in the engineering and operations departments of Pacific Fleet destroyers. Prior to coming to the Naval Academy he worked at Mare Island Naval Shipyard in the scientific code and in the R&D division of Exxon International Company's Tanker Department. Dr. White is a lieutenant commande

A methodology for the structural life assessment of a ship's structure is suggested. The methodology is based on probabilistic analysis using reliability concepts and the statistics of extremes. In this approach, the estimation of structural life expectancy is based on selected failure modes. All possible failure modes of the ship must be investigated and the most likely paths to structural failure identified. For the purpose of illustration two failure modes are considered in this study. They are plate plastic deformation and fatigue cracking. Structural life based on these two failure modes is determined for an example vessel. The methodology determines the probability of failure of the ship's structural components according to the identified failure modes as a function of time. The results can be interpreted as the cumulative probability distribution function (CdF) of structural life. due to the unknown level of statistical correlation between failure modes, limits or bounds on the CdF of the structural life are established. The limits correspond to the extreme cases of fully correlated and independent failure modes. The CdFs of structural life are determined for two inspection strategies; namely, inspection every year and inspection every two years with a warranty inspection at the end of the first year. The meaning of the results for the case investigated in this study is that, for example, given an inspection strategy of two years and a desired life of 15 years, there is a 72% chance that the vessel will not experience enough partial damage‘ in the failure modes identified to constitute reaching the “end of structural life” as defined.

关键词： Ships

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0.5 Micron BICMOS technology

0.5 Micron BICMOS technology

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International Electron devices Meeting (IEdM)

作者： H. Momose K.M. Cham C.I. drowley H.r. Grinolds H.S. Fu Circuit Technology R D Hewlett Packard Company Palo Alto CA USA Semiconductor Device Engineering Laboratory Toshiba Corporation Kawasaki Japan

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