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SSrN 2022年

作者： Jin, Jiafeng Sun, Jinsheng Lv, Kaihe Hou, Qilin Guo, Xuan Liu, Kesong Ministry of Education Shandong Qingdao266580 China Qingdao China CNPC Engineering Technology R & D Company Limited Beijing102206 China

The in-situ catalytic conversion technology has been regarded as a versatile approach to developing oil shale due to the advantages of environmental protection and being able to exploit the deep formations, while the high conversion temperature and low oil recovery are the key deficiencies that hinder the progress of the commercialized operation. In this study, a novel Cu@4A zeolite nano-catalyst for oil shale in-situ conversion was synthesized by the combination of the wet impregnation method and high-temperature calcination. The catalyst can enter the pore throat and pyrolyze the kerogen at a lower temperature, exhibiting favorable catalytic performance toward oil shale. The functional groups, micro-morphology, crystal structure information, elements valence state, and the thermostability of the prepared catalyst were characterized through FT-Ir, SEM, Xrd, XPS, and TGA techniques, results are consistent with the expected design. The effects of Cu@4A zeolite nano-catalyst on the hydrocarbon yields and kinetics were investigated, and results show that the oil and gas yields increased by 7.61% and 19.69% after adding 1% Cu@4A catalyst;the activation energy of the oil shale sample decreased from 190.73 to 147.9512 KJ/mol, and the hydrocarbon conversion is proportional to the mesh number of oil shale, the optimal heating rate is 10 °C/min. The possible explanation for its favorable catalytic performance can be that the kerogen and asphalt in oil shale would firstly decompose into macromolecule aromatic hydrocarbons via the β-cleavage of the carbenium ions over the Brønsted acidic sites of the prepared catalyst, then followed by the dehydrocyclization, oligomerization, and aromatization. The introduction of Cu can increase the quantity of Lewis acid sites on the framework of catalysts, leading to more hydrogen transfer reactions between catalyst and organics, achieving the high-efficiency catalysis of oil shale. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zeolites

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A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight oil reservoir recovered with gas flooding

A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight o...

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SPE/AAPG/SEG Unconventional resources technology Conference 2020, UrTeC 2020

作者： Mu, Lingyu Liao, Xinwei Zhao, Xiaoliang Zhang, Jingtian Zou, Jiandong Chu, Hongyang Shang, Xiongtao Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

due to the special micro-pore structure and the seepage law of tight reservoirs, the research on the development of tight oil is quite different from conventional reservoirs. For the tight oil reservoirs recovered with the gas injection, the gas breakthrough is an eternal theme as a result of the preferable mobility of the gas and the strong heterogeneity of the reservoirs. It is extremely important to evaluate the sweep efficiency. Based on the stream-tube method and the non-darcy theory, this paper establishes a rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency considering the mechanism of the gas flooding and the seepage characteristics of the tight oil reservoir. Firstly, the relative permeability under different miscible condition are determined through the revised Coats model. Besides, the Todd-Longstaff model is adopted to describe the varying viscosities of oil and gas. Secondly, the stream-tube model of the inverted nine-spot well pattern with fracture is established. Next, the seepage equations of oil and gas in the stream-tube is constructed considering the threshold pressure and the variation of the viscosity and relative permeability. Then, the sweep efficiency is obtained by solving these equations. Furthermore, an application example for evaluating the sweep efficiency is presented and sensitivity analyses are conducted to study the effect of the viscosity, pressure difference, fracture permeability and well spacing taking the case of a real tight reservoir. Through the analyses, it can be concluded that the factors have remarkable impacts on the sweep efficiency. The threshold pressure increases the resistance and reduces the flow rate, leading to a lower sweep of the injected gas. Even worse, the excessive threshold pressure results in that the effective displacement cannot be established. The fracture greatly shortened the breakthrough time and result in early channeling of the injected gas. The sweep efficiency is improved through the increase of the

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realization of Parameterized Serialization design of Flanges in Chemical Equipment 3

Realization of Parameterized Serialization Design of Flanges...

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2021 3rd International Conference on Computer, Communications and Mechatronics engineering, CCME 2021

作者： Liu, dongchen Wang, Junli Zhang, Yan School of Computer and Communication Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical University Fushun China R and D Department Beijing Oulu Juxin Technology Company Beijing China

Flanges are important parts in the fields of machinery, chemicals, wind power, and sewage treatment. They are used in large quantities and have formed a series of products at present. In the paper, the secondary development of AutoCAd was adopted to parameterized series design, and 960 parts from 4 series flange (plate flat welding flange, neck flat welding flange, neck butt welding flange, socket welding flange) were drawn. The efficiency of part design has been significantly improved. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Flanges

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An intelligent artificial lift technology and its trial in middle east: Integration of remote wireless control and artificial automation for zonal water injection

An intelligent artificial lift technology and its trial in m...

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SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition 2020, ATCE 2020

作者： Fu, Jin Wang, Xi Yang, Guobin Zhang, Shunyuan Liu, Bingshan Chen, Chen CNPC Engineering Technologies R&D Company Ltd

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997239

High water cut is a serious problem for mature oilfields in China. Water injection paths are intersected with each other, injectors and producers are distributed in a more and more complicated pattern, while low-productivity layers are more focused. Conventional zonal water injection technologies require repetitive operation with wirelines and cables, causing extensive tests and low efficiency. However, an intelligent zonal water injection string consisting of several preset cable packers, water injection pressure gauges, formation pressure gauges and downhole flow meters has simply optimized water injection parameters and efficiently developed all reservoirs in some China's mature oilfields. Horizontal drilling and extended reach well drilling technologies are developing by high speed, we are faced by more critical borehole conditions, which has brought more challenges to water adsorption testing of horizontal intervals and deployment of zonal water injection instruments. Compared with vertical wells, the water adsorption test and string running are more challenging for horizontal wells, in which we are faced by many a problem during zonal water injection, such as competitive slack off and tight pull, excessive or inadequate water injection, complicated operation process, etc. There are several common challenges arising from zonal water injection, such as tight pull, slack off and repetitive operation. A full set of wireless intelligent water injection string for horizontal wells has been proposed. Based on pressure pulse water distribution technique, the water injection string is eligible for multi-stage adjustment, so it is possible to finalize testing, adjusting, injection, measurement, downhole data collection as well as automatic error correction in one run during water injection. A dedicated trial shows that integration of remote wireless control and artificial automation may is applicable, as packers are set securely and released easily, in order to adjust o

关键词： data acquisition

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Application of Multifunctional Wellbore Cleaning Fluid in the removal of residual drilling Fluids in Ultra-deep Wells: research Progress and Prospects

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SSrN 2024年

作者： Song, Hanxuan Guo, Jixiang Li, Jiao Zhang, Shiling de Oliveira, Adilson Julio Soares He, Aiguo Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

developing ultra-deep wells presents a significant challenge in current petroleum exploration and production. Ensuring the cleanliness of the wellbore is a crucial aspect of safeguarding the development process. removing contaminants from residual drilling fluids is vital to ensure unobstructed production pathways in ultra-deep wells, thereby achieving secure operational environments. This paper analyzes the primary residual components of drilling fluids in post-drilling operations of ultra-deep wells. It also explores the synergistic damaging mechanisms of residual drilling fluids on casing-ion corrosion and abrasive wear. Moreover, we summarize the technical challenges involved in the flushing and treatment of ultra-deep wellbores. drawing from global developments in flushing fluids for ultra-deep wellbores, this study investigates the performance and on-site applicability of various flushing fluids. The findings indicate that the flushing of ultra-deep wellbores necessitates the development of fluid systems tailored to different well conditions and residual components. Adaptable flushing fluids exhibit suitability across diverse operational scenarios. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms of flushing fluids provides novel perspectives for their future development. Presently, research on the mechanisms of flushing fluids predominantly relies on experimental observations and theoretical simulations. This study analyzes the future directions of flushing fluid research by summarizing and synthesizing existing technical challenges. In conclusion, as discussed in this study, the tailored technology for flushing wellbores lays a fundamental groundwork for large-scale flushing and treatment of ultra-deep wells, thus offering a foundational contribution to the field. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： drilling fluids

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The biodiesel-based flat-rheology drilling fluid system

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Petroleum Exploration and development 2022年第1期49卷 200-210页

作者： JIANG Guancheng SHI He HE Yinbo Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 102206China

As the base oil of the current flat-rheology synthetic drilling fluid is high in cost and not renewable, the biodiesel-based flat-rheology drilling fluid with low-cost, environmental protection and renewable advantage was studied. Based on the optimization of raw materials, a cheap, environment-friendly biodiesel of soybean oil ethyl ester with good fluidity at low temperature was selected as the base oil. By selecting high oil-water ratio and introducing cationic surfactant into the auxiliary emulsifier, the thickening of biodiesel-based emulsion caused by hydrolysis and saponification after high-temperature aging was effectively eliminated. The organoclay prepared with cationic modifier of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was used to improve the rheologic properties, stability and fluid loss of the drilling fluid while preventing low-temperature thickening. A flat-rheology modifier was synthesized with dimer fatty acid and cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide, which could form strong network structure in the biodiesel-based drilling fluid to adjust effectively rheological properties of the drilling fluid. A biodiesel-based flat-rheology drilling fluid system with the density of 1.2 g/cm^(3) has been formulated which has constant rheology in the temperature range of 2-90 ℃, temperature tolerance of 160 ℃, seawater salinity tolerance of 5%, shale cuttings tolerance of 10%, and is environmentally friendly.

关键词： biodiesel flat-rheology drilling fluid emulsifier organoclay rheology modifier environment friendly deep water drilling

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research on the Pollution and damage Mechanism of drilling Fluid on Casing during Ultra-deep Well drilling Process

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SSrN 2024年

作者： Hanxuan, Song Shiling, Zhang Xiangwei, Chen Kiyingi, Wyclif Jixiang, Guo ruiying, Xiong Li, Wang Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

In drilling ultra-deep wells, the degree of casing/tool damage decreases with an increase in bottom hole temperature, and the casing/tool is least damaged within a temperature range of 150-180°C. The wettability of drilling fluid on the casing/tool surface increases with an increase in the degree of roughness. Oil-based drilling fluid have the strongest adhesion contamination on casing/drilling tools. Polysulfonated potassium drilling fluid and ultra-micro drilling fluid have the most potent erosion damage on casing/drilling tools. By analyzing the damage mechanism, it was established that the damage was mainly dominated by the abrasive wearing from solid-phase particles in concert with corrosion ions in drilling fluid, with solids producing many abrasion marks and corrosive ions causing a large number of pits. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tribology

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design and test of a torque-on-kelly measuring instrument

Design and test of a torque-on-kelly measuring instrument

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Electrical engineering and Automation (IFEEA), International Forum on

作者： rutao Ma Guohai Yuan Fei Ai Guoping Li Tingfu Ye Jingbing Luo Junlin Liu Xue Xia Shengpeng Yan LLC CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Institute Beijing China Shen Zhen Branch CNOOC China Ltd. Shenzhen China Petrochina Qinghai Oilfield Company LLC Dunhuang China

The torque on kelly measuring instrument is mainly used for real-time measurement of the dynamic torque on the lower joint of the kelly during drilling and workover processes. Safety of the operation could be evaluated based on measuring results. By analyzing the mechanical properties of metal materials under dynamic working conditions, engineering materials are selected. The main structure of the torque measuring instrument is designed in a small mandrel type. The torque measuring bridge and electric circuit are configured to realize real-time torque testing. Experimental platform was built to verify and analyze multiple sets of data, verifying the feasibility, effectiveness, and accuracy of the design. The research results provide a real-time torque testing method and technical support for drilling and workover operations.

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Multi-scale elastoplastic mechanical model and microstructure damage analysis of solid expandable tubular

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第10期29卷 336-348页

作者： Hui-Juan Guo Ying-Hua Liu Yi-Nao Su Quan-Li Zhang Guo-dong Zhan Department of Engineering Mechanics AMLTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Drilling Mechanical Department CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company LimitedBeijing 102206China Drilling Technology Division EXPEC Advanced Research CenterSaudi Arabia

We present an in-depth study of the failure phenomenon of solid expandable tubular (SET) due to large expansion ratio in open holes of deep and ultra-deep wells. By examining the post-expansion SET, lots of microcracks are found on the inner surface of SET. Their morphology and parameters such as length and depth are investigated by use of metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the Voronoi cell technique is adopted to characterize the multi-phase material microstructure of the SET. By using the anisotropic elastoplastic material constitutive model and macro/microscopic multi-dimensional cross-scale coupled boundary conditions, a sophisticated and multi-scale finite element model (FEM) of the SET is built successfully to simulate the material microstructure damage for different expansion ratios. The microcrack initiation and growth is simulated, and the structural integrity of the SET is discussed. It is concluded that this multi-scale finite element modeling method could effectively predict the elastoplastic deformation and the microscopic damage initiation and evolution of the SET. It is of great significance as a theoretical analysis tool to optimize the selection of appropriate tubular materials and it could be also used to substantially reduce costly failures of expandable tubulars in the field. This numerical analysis is not only beneficial for understanding the damage process of tubular materials but also effectively guides the engineering application of the SET technology.

关键词： solid expandable tubular(SET) material microstructure damage multi-scale elastoplastic model virtual failure

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Microseismic characteristics of shale gas wells with casing deformation in Sichuan Basin 55

Microseismic characteristics of shale gas wells with casing ...

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55th U.S. rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium 2021

作者： Zeng, Bo Zhang, Haozhe Zhou, Xiaojin Yang, Xinrui Song, Yi Chen, Zhaowei PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company Chengdu China China University of Petroleum Beijing China Petro China Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company Chengdu China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781713839125

In order to solve the casing deformation problem of shale gas wells in Sichuan Basin, the casing deformation of H19 platform is calculated by using the small bridge plug size and Multi-Finger Image Tool (MIT) data. The characteristics of the spatial and temporal distribution and magnitude of microseismic events at the casing deformation points are observed, and the fracture surface model is established. The quantitative relationship among casing deformation, fracture zone scale and microseismic moment is analyzed by using the model. There were 9 deformation values, among which the minimum value was 6.1 mm, the maximum value was 50.43 mm. The characteristics of the spatial and temporal distribution is: 1) the microseismic events are not symmetrical with the wellbore;2) most of the microseismic events in different fracturing stages are overlapped, showing linear distribution;3) there are many large magnitude events;4) in temporal, the frequency of large magnitude events is relatively high in the middle and late part of fracturing. According to the fracture surface model, it is concluded that the fracture area causing casing deformation in Changning area is 40000-70000 m2, and the seismic moment of casing deformation is 2.57.109- 7.57.1010 N×m, and the magnitude distribution is (- 1.16,0.79). These results can be used for real-time monitoring and early warning of casing deformation and judging fault scale to prevent casing deformation. Copyright © 2021 ArMA, American rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Fracture

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