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International Petroleum technology Conference 2019, IPTC 2019

作者： Abughaban, Mahmoud Alshaarawi, Amjad Meng, Cui Ji, Guodong Guo, Weihong Saudi Aramco Saudi Arabia CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613996195

Optimization of drilling parameters during drilling operations is a key component to obtain maximum rate of penetration (rOP) as well as minimizing the drilling cost. Advancement in computer technologies and communication are among the most important factors that can contribute to drilling optimization. In the current work, a novel rig advisory system is developed to continually improve rOP and the drilling performance. Conventionally, drillers apply drilling parameters (weight-on-bit, rotary speed and pump rate) according to past experience or to parameters specified in the drilling program. These parameters are usually kept constant over a long interval regardless of the formations being drilled. However, it is well-known that keeping constant drilling parameters to drive the bit will lead to redundant depth of cut (dOC), inducing stick-slip vibration that leads to low rOP, higher drilling specific energy (dSE), and potential damage to the bottom-hole assembly (BHA). An intelligent drilling advisory system (IdAS), based on a soft-closed-loop solution with multiple regression analysis called optimum parameters global retrieval, has been established. Integrated with machine-learning methodology (Principal component analysis), the response of the drilling parameters with lithology changes was analyzed in real time. Additionally, the optimum control parameters direction were obtained from the gradient search and decision tree algorithms. This system monitored the relationship between the rOP and input energy delivered to the bit in real time, and calculated the optimized drilling parameters. The work presented how the IdAS procedures were applied in China, how the data was interpreted, and how optimum working parameters were obtained to guide drillers to improve drilling performance and reduce non-productive time (NPT). IdAS has been introduced to hard formation drilling, which proved to be a success in real-time advisory aiding drillers applying proper working parame

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Kolmogorov–Arnold-Informed Neural Network: A Physics-Informed deep Learning Framework for Solving Pdes Based on Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks

SSRN

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SSrN 2024年

作者： Wang, Yizheng Sun, Jia Bai, Jinshuai Anitescu, Cosmin Eshaghi, Mohammad Sadegh Zhuang, Xiaoying rabczuk, Timon Liu, Yinghua Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute of Structural Mechanics Bauhaus-Universität Weimar Marienstr. 15 WeimarD-99423 Germany Institute of Photonics Department of Mathematics and Physics Leibniz University Hannover Germany Drilling Mechanical Department CNPC Engineering Technology RD Company Limited Beijing102206 China School of Mechanical Medical and Process Engineering Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD4000 Australia ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre—Joint Biomechanics University of Queensland Australia

AI for partial differential equations (PdEs) has garnered significant attention, particularly with the emergence of Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). The recent advent of Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN) indicates that there is potential to revisit and enhance the previously MLP-based PINNs. Compared to MLPs, KANs offer interpretability and require fewer parameters. PdEs can be described in various forms, such as strong form, energy form, and inverse form. While mathematically equivalent, these forms are not computationally equivalent, making the exploration of different PdE formulations significant in computational physics. Thus, we propose different PdE forms based on KAN instead of MLP, termed Kolmogorov-Arnold-Informed Neural Network (KINN). We systematically compare MLP and KAN in various numerical examples of PdEs, including multi-scale, singularity, stress concentration, nonlinear hyperelasticity, heterogeneous, and complex geometry problems. Our results demonstrate that KINN significantly outperforms MLP in terms of accuracy and convergence speed for numerous PdEs in computational solid mechanics, except for the complex geometry problem. This highlights KINN's potential for more efficient and accurate PdE solutions in AI for PdEs. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： deep learning

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A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight oil reservoir recovered with gas flooding

A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight o...

引用

SPE/AAPG/SEG Unconventional resources technology Conference 2019, UrTC 2019

作者： Mu, Lingyu Liao, Xinwei Zhao, Xiaoliang Zhang, Jingtian Zou, Jiandong Chu, Hongyang Shang, Xiongtao Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company Limited Beijing China

due to the special micro-pore structure and the seepage law of tight reservoirs, the research on the development of tight oil is quite different from conventional reservoirs. For the tight oil reservoirs recovered with the gas injection, the gas breakthrough is an eternal theme as a result of the preferable mobility of the gas and the strong heterogeneity of the reservoirs. It is extremely important to evaluate the sweep efficiency. Based on the stream-tube method and the non-darcy theory, this paper establishes a rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency considering the mechanism of the gas flooding and the seepage characteristics of the tight oil reservoir. Firstly, the relative permeability under different miscible condition are determined through the revised Coats model. Besides, the Todd-Longstaff model is adopted to describe the varying viscosities of oil and gas. Secondly, the stream-tube model of the inverted nine-spot well pattern with fracture is established. Next, the seepage equations of oil and gas in the stream-tube is constructed considering the threshold pressure and the variation of the viscosity and relative permeability. Then, the sweep efficiency is obtained by solving these equations. Furthermore, an application example for evaluating the sweep efficiency is presented and sensitivity analyses are conducted to study the effect of the viscosity, pressure difference, fracture permeability and well spacing taking the case of a real tight reservoir. Through the analyses, it can be concluded that the factors have remarkable impacts on the sweep efficiency. The threshold pressure increases the resistance and reduces the flow rate, leading to a lower sweep of the injected gas. Even worse, the excessive threshold pressure results in that the effective displacement cannot be established. The fracture greatly shortened the breakthrough time and result in early channeling of the injected gas. The sweep efficiency is improved through the increase of the

关键词： Gases

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Adsorption isotherm and mechanism of Ca2+ binding to polyelectrolyte

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Mantha, Sriteja Glisman, Alec Yu, decai Wasserman, Eric Backer, Scott Wang, Zhen-Gang Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States The Dow Chemical Company Core R&D 633 Washington St. MidlandMI48674 United States The Dow Chemical Company Consumer Solutions R&D 400 Arcola Road CollegevillePA19426 United States

Polyelectrolytes, such as polyacrylic acid (PAA), can effectively mitigate CaCO3 scale formation. despite their success as antiscalants, the underlying mechanism of Ca2+ binding to polyelectrolyte chains remains unresolved. Through all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we construct an adsorption isotherm of Ca2+ binding to sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA) and investigate the associated binding mechanism. We find that the number of calcium ions adsorbed [Ca2+ads] to the polymer saturates at moderately high concentrations of free calcium ions [Ca2+aq ] in the solution. This saturation value is intricately connected with the binding modes accessible to Ca2+ ions when they bind to the polyelectrolyte chain. We identify two dominant binding modes: the first involves binding to at most two carboxylate oxygens on a polyacrylate chain, and the second, termed the high binding mode, involves binding to four or more carboxylate oxygens. As the concentration of free calcium ions [Ca2+aq ] increases from low to moderate levels, the polyelectrolyte chain undergoes a conformational transition from an extended coil to a hairpin-like structure, enhancing the accessibility to the high binding mode. At moderate concentrations of [Ca2+aq ], the high binding mode accounts for at least a third of all binding events. The chain’s conformational change and its consequent access to the high binding mode is found to increase the overall Ca2+ ion binding capacity of the polyelectrolyte chain. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Adsorption isotherms

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Multi-valent Ion Mediated Polyelectrolyte Association and Structure

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Glisman, Alec Mantha, Sriteja Yu, decai Wasserman, Eric Backer, Scott Wang, Zhen-Gang Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States The Dow Chemical Company Core R&D 633 Washington St. MidlandMI48674 United States The Dow Chemical Company Consumer Solutions R&D 400 Arcola Road CollegevillePA19426 United States

Polyelectrolytes are commonly used to chelate multi-valent ions in aqueous solutions, playing a critical role in water softening and the prevention of mineralization. At sufficient ionic strength, ion-mediated polyelectrolyte- polyelectrolyte interactions can precipitate polyelectrolyte-ion complexes, a phenomenon known as "like-charge attraction". While the significant influence of small ions on polyelectrolyte solution phase behavior is recognized, the precise molecular mechanisms driving the counterintuitive phenomenon remain largely elusive. In this study, we employ all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the molecular mechanism of like-charge attraction between two poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) chains in solution. We find that moderate quantities of Ca2+ ions induce attraction between PAA chains, facilitated by the formation of PAA-Ca2+-PAA bridges and a significant increase in the coordination of Ca2+ ions by the PAA chains. At high Ca2+ number densities, ion bridges are disfavored due to electrostatic screening, yet the chains are still attracted to each other due to solvent-mediated interactions between the chains and their chelated ions. The insights gleaned from this study not only enrich our understanding of the intricate mechanism of like-charge attraction between polyanions in solution but also illuminate the influence of multi-valent ions on polyelectrolyte interactions. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Polyelectrolytes

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The fundamental work to the pre-frac evaluation of deep shale reservoir: Evaluating reservoir heterogeneity based on principal components analysis and artificial neural network

The fundamental work to the pre-frac evaluation of deep shal...

引用

International Petroleum technology Conference 2019, IPTC 2019

作者： Zhai, Wenbao Li, Jun Xi, Yan Liu, Gonghui Yang, Hongwei Jiang, Hailong Zhou, Yingcao China University of Petroleum China CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company Limited China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613996195

Shale reservoir heterogeneity is more and more focused during shale gas development, especially deep shale gas reservoir buried in the depth of over 3,500 m. However, the evaluation methods of heterogeneity are not always available and poor applicability. In this study, a Principle Component Analysis (PCA)-Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was presented. The evaluation steps of the model were also given. The validation of the model was confirmed by using a deep shale gas well located in Weiyuan area of Sichuan Basin, China. The results of the validation show that the model presented in this study can be in good agreement with the assessed values of heterogeneity obtained from microseimic events. The developed model's effectiveness was tested by comparing the results acquired from ANN without PCA, where the PCA reduces the dimension of input parameters to improve results of PCA-ANN over 80%. Therefore, the PCA-ANN model can help the engineers evaluate the deep shale reservoir heterogeneity, which provides a tool to give preliminary recommendations of the likelihood of improving the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing. Implementation of the proposed model can serve as a cost-effective and reliable alternative for the deep shale reservoir. © 2019, International Petroleum technology Conference

关键词： Neural networks

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Controllable Synthetic Carbon dots: A Promising Method for reducing Injection Pressure in Matrix by regulating Oil/Water/rock Interface Properties

SSRN

引用

SSrN 2023年

作者： Cao, Mengjiao Li, Yuan Song, Xuguang Chen, Yesheng Sun, Linghui Shi, Xin dai, Caili Yuan, Bin School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum（East China） Qingdao266580 China Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Fracturing & Acidizing and Natural Gas Production Research Institute Dongying257000 China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing Petroleum Machinery Company China China Academy of Science Institute of Porous Flow & Fluid Mechanics Beijing100083 China Sinopec Northwest China Petroleum Bureau Urumqi830011 China

Effective development of unconventional resources is impeded by water flooding-related challenges, such as high pressure and under-injection, which hinder the replenishment of formation energy. Nanofluids have shown promise in reducing injection pressure, but traditional nanoparticles (NPs) face limitations in unconventional reservoirs due to their unsuitable size for micro-nano pores and aggregation tendencies. In this paper, novel carbon dots (Cds) with a simple, environmentally benign, and controllable synthetic approach have been developed, and their pressure-reduction performance and mechanism have been systematically explored. The particle size of the Cds could be tailored by a well-timely quenching reaction. Cds nanofluid demonstrated superior stability, dispersibility, and temperature/salinity resistance. In addition, Cds can regulate interfacial properties, including oil/rock and oil/water interfaces. It was found that Cds could be partially absorbed onto pore walls, reducing oil adhesion sites by 39%, altering wettability from oil-wet to neutral, and reducing rock surface roughness by 29.25%. Furthermore, Cds were rapidly adsorbed onto the remaining oil film in the pore space, reducing interfacial tension while solidifying the oil surfaces, increasing shear force around the oil surface by 1.7 times during subsequent water scouring, which makes the oil film break up more readily and remain smaller in size to migrate in the channeling. The modulation of the interface properties by Cds improved the stripping efficiency of the attached oil film and ameliorated the homogeneity and smoothness of flow channel, resulting in a significant reduction in injection pressure. Core displacement tests showed that a 0.1wt% Cds nanofluid could achieve a pressure reduction rate of 35%. The developed Cds nanofluid represents a promising solution for reducing injection pressure and improving oil recovery in unconventional reservoirs. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle size

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Optimizing Parameters of Two-Stage Pdc Bit in deep Formation Applications

SSRN

引用

SSrN 2023年

作者： Chen, Zhenliang Shi, Huaizhong Zhao, Heqian Huang, Zhongwei He, Wenhao Chen, Han Yu, Chao Zhang, Bo State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing102249 China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing Petroleum Machinery Co. Ltd Beijing102206 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing102249 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2G7 Canada

Two-stage PdC (Polycrystalline diamond compact) bit is a special drilling bit consisting of a small-diameter pilot and a large-diameter reamer. The unique rock-breaking structure is designed to improve the drilling efficiency and reduce drilling costs in deep and abrasive formations. According to previous studies, the hydraulic structure of the two-stage PdC bit can significantly affect the drilling performance of removing cuttings near the bottom of the wellbore. Therefore, this research has proposed to achieve a high efficiency of cuttings removal by optimizing the hydraulic structure. In this paper, the flow field at the bottom of the well near the two-stage PdC bit (Φ171.45 mm pilot + Φ215.9 mm reamer) has been numerically studied using the finite element method. As shown in the analysis results, both the flow rate of the pilot and the flow rate ratio of the pilot to the reamer increase significantly with the increase of the area ratio of the pilot nozzles to the total nozzles. The numerical data supports that the cuttings can be removed effectively from the bottom of the wellbore when the area ratio is between 0.75 and 0.80. Moreover, the cuttings can be removed effectively from the bottom of the wellbore when the mud viscosity is about 10 mPa·s, the rate of penetration is between 4 and 8 m/h, the drill speed is 90rpm and the cuttings particle sizes is between 1 and 2 mm. Besides, increasing the pump rate can imporve the cutting-carrying efficiency through the wellbore bottom. Field test results indicate that the average penetration rate of the test interval is increased by 30% and the footage of the test interval is increased by over 40% compared to the adjacent interval of the same well. This study can provide guidance for the optimal design of the hydraulic structure of such two-stage PdC bits. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： reamers

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A three dimensional visualized physical simulation for natural gas charging in the micro-nano pore system

引用

Petroleum Exploration and development 2022年第2期49卷 349-362页

作者： QIAO Juncheng ZENG Jianhui XIA Yuxuan CAI Jianchao CHEN dongxia JIANG Shu HAN Guomeng CAO Zhe FENG Xiao FENG Sen- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249.China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Dagang Oilfield Company PetroChinaTianjin 300280China Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 102206China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 102206China

A micro-nano pore three-dimensional visualized real-time physical simulation of natural gas charging, in-situ pore-scale computation, pore network modelling, and apparent permeability evaluation theory were used to investigate laws of gas and water flow and their distribution, and controlling factors during the gas charging process in low-permeability(tight) sandstone reservoir. By describing features of gas-water flow and distribution and their variations in the micro-nano pore system, it is found that the gas charging in the low permeability(tight) sandstone can be divided into two stages, expansion stage and stable stage. In the expansion stage, the gas flows continuously first into large-sized pores then small-sized pores, and first into centers of the pores then edges of pores;pore-throats greater than 20 μm in radius make up the major pathway for gas charging. With the increase of charging pressure, movable water in the edges of large-sized pores and in the centers of small pores is displaced out successively. Pore-throats of 20-50 μm in radius and pore-throats less than 20 μm in radius dominate the expansion of gas charging channels at different stages of charging in turn, leading to reductions in pore-throat radius, throat length and coordination number of the pathway, which is the main increase stage of gas permeability and gas saturation. Among which, pore-throats 30-50 μm in radius control the increase pattern of gas saturation. In the stable stage, gas charging pathways have expanded to the maximum, so the pathways keep stable in pore-throat radius, throat length, and coordination number, and irreducible water remains in the pore system, the gas phase is in concentrated clusters, while the water phase is in the form of dispersed thin film, and the gas saturation and gas permeability tend stable. Connected pore-throats less than 20 μm in radius control the expansion limit of the charging pathways, the formation of stable gas-water distribution, and the ma

关键词： low permeability(tight)sandstone gas charging three-dimensional visualization physical simulation micro-nanometer pore network gas and water flow and distribution

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document image rectification method combined with semantic segmentation 5

Document image rectification method combined with semantic s...

引用

5th International Conference on Machine Learning, Big data and Business Intelligence, MLBdBI 2023

作者： Wang, YongWei Xu, ShuangShuang Xiao, Yao Yang, YiGuang Li, Hao Yang, rongZheng Cccc Second Harbor Engineering Company Ltd Hubei Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Large-span Bridge Construction Technology Hubei Wuhan China Cccc Highway Bridge National Engineering Research Centre Co. Ltd Beijing China Zhongnan University of Economics and Law School of Information Engineering Hubei Wuhan China Wuhan University of Engineering Science Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Hubei Wuhan China R. and D. Ctr. of Transp. Indust. of Intelligent Mfg. Technologies of Transport Infrastructure Hubei Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359930

Proposed a method combined with semantic segmentation for document image rectification to address the limited applicability of traditional correction methods and difficulties in data annotation. Firstly, diverse experimental data are synthesized to create a target document image and its corresponding mask data. Secondly, a semantic segmentation model based on deepLabV3 is constructed using pre-trained MobileNetV3, resNet50, and resNet101 as the backbone networks, respectively, to separate the document page area(rOI) from the image. Then, the document page area is corrected using corner point detection and perspective transformation to complete the document image rectification. The evaluation of the model shows that the deepLabV3 model with MobileNetV3 as the backbone network has high processing efficiency, with an IOU of 0.983 and a Total Loss of 0.064 on the validation set. Test results demonstrate that the proposed method has better generalization capabilities and can be easily extended to practical engineering. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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