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Abu dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference 2020, AdIP 2020

作者： Qiao, Yan Yang, Xiangtong Zhang, Yang Wang, Yonghong Hou, Tengfei Huang, Bo Shang, Litao Li, Huili CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997345

At present, most of the oil fields in eastern China have entered the stage of high water cut development, with a comprehensive water cut of over 90% and an oil recovery of less than 30%. To improve oil recovery, the flow field must be described qualitatively and quantitatively, so as to provide a basis for the formulation of measures. This paper proposes two categories of indicators: one is a guideline for developing measures, including streamline bundle properties, and the other is an indicator for evaluating the effects of measures, remaining oil dispersion (rOd) and dynamic heterogeneity included. Through numerical simulation methods, the regularity research and adaptive evaluation of each flow field characterization indicator are carried out. Finally, according to the streamline bundle properties of block E, the liquid rate of injection and production wells were optimized, and the effectiveness of the optimization was evaluated. The study found that under the condition of fixed well pattern, the streamline bundle flow (SF) between wells is relatively stable, and the change in streamline bundle potential (SP) and streamline bundle oil cut (SOC) tends to decrease with time. The typical curve of rOd generally includes four stages, and the effectiveness of measures is judged by the trend of rOd. For dynamic heterogeneity, the change curve generally includes unstable stage and stable stage. The value of the stable stage value can reflect the heterogeneity of the flow field. The larger the value, the stronger the heterogeneity of the flow field. According to the streamline bundle properties, three liquid rate optimization strategies, which are streamline bundle flow method (SFM), streamline bundle potential method (SPM), and streamline bundle oil cut method (SOM), are proposed, and the effectiveness of the measures is evaluated using rOd and dynamic heterogeneity. After liquid rate optimization, the rOd of the reservoir in Block E increased and decreased later, the Lo

关键词： Flow fields

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Implementing managed pressure drilling technique in drilling an offshore exploration well

Implementing managed pressure drilling technique in drilling...

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Offshore technology Conference Asia 2020, OTCA 2020

作者： Cai, Xiao Guo, Qingfeng Zhao, Qing CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited

ISBN: (纸本)9781613996812

The managed pressure drilling technique has been widely applied in land to solve different technical and well control issues as well as ensuring the safety of field personnel. Offshore exploration drilling is one of the most challenging operations due to its nature of drilling hazards and facing environment. There is a great need of applying managed pressure technique in offshore drilling. A new MPd equipment is developed, which is named as pressure control drilling system (PCdS), and performs its first application in offshore drilling to reach its further potential. The PCdS is applied in an exploration well located in the gulf of Bohai to perform a near-balanced drilling operation for the purpose of reducing the density of drilling fluid. It utilizes the microflux control technique to precisely monitor the wellbore condition and detect the overflow and loss of circulation in time. The technique of constant bottom hole pressure is used by the PCdS to maintain the bottom hole pressure constant and minimize the fluctuations of bottom hole pressure during making connections and round trip, enhancing the drilling performance. The equivalent circulating density of 1.08-1.09 g/cm3 is obtained by the proposed PCdS using the solid-free drilling fluid with a density of 1.03g/cm3. While nearby wells use the drilling fluid with the density of 1.15-1.20 g/cm3 at the same Stratum. Cooperated with the drilling fluid of lower density, utilization of the proposed pressure control drilling system significantly avoids the formation damage. The chip hold-down effect is minimized by the proposed PCdS to increase the rOP. The average rOP of nearby wells is 4.02 m/h. While the average rOP of the well using the proposed PCdS is 7.23 m/h, indicating the increase of 80 percent. With the assistance of the proposed PCdS, the drilling team set a single bit footage record of 312.88 m and daily footage record of 163 m, which demonstrates a great improvement of operation efficiency. No drilling

关键词： drilling fluids

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Experiment on Mechanical Properties and Seepage Capability of deep Tight Sandstone under True-Triaxial Stresses Environment

Experiment on Mechanical Properties and Seepage Capability o...

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2021 Abu dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, AdIP 2021

作者： Li, Jiaying Qi, Chunyan Gu, Ye Ye, Yu Zhao, Jie CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited CNPC Tarim Oilfield Company

ISBN: (纸本)9781613998342

The characteristics of seepage capability and rock strain during reservoir depletion are important for reservoir recovery, which would significantly influence production strategy optimization. The Cretaceous deep natural gas reservoirs in Keshen Gasfield in Tarim Basin are mainly buried over 5000 m, featuring with ultra-low permeability, developed natural fractures and complex in-situ stress states. However, there is no comprehensive study on the variation of mechanical properties and seepage capability of this gas reservoir under in-situ stress conditions and most studies on stress-sensitivity are conducted under conventional triaxial or uniaxial stress conditions, which cannot truly represent in-situ stress environment. In this work, Cretaceous tight sandstone in Keshen Gasfield was tested under true-triaxial stresses conditions by an advanced geophysical imaging true-triaxial testing system to study the stress-sensitivity and anisotropy of rock stress-strain behavior, porosity and permeability. Four groups of sandstone samples are prepared as the size of 80mm×80mm×80mm, three of which are artificially fractured with different angle (0°,15°，30°) to simulate hydraulic fracturing. The test results corresponding to different samples are compared to further reveal the influence of the fracture angle on rock mechanical properties and seepage capability. The samples are in elastic strain during reservoir depletion, showing an apparent correlation with fracture angles. The porosity decreases linearly with stress loading, where the decrease rate of effective porosity of fracture samples is significantly higher than that of intact samples. The permeabilities decrease exponentially and show significant anisotropy in different principal stress directions, especially in σH direction. The mechanical properties and seepage capability of deep tight sandstone are successfully tested under true-triaxial stresses conditions in this work, which reveals the stress-sensitivity of anis

关键词： Porosity

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design of a dislocation Well Pattern and drilling of Shallow 3d Cluster Horizontal Wells for development of Ultra Heavy Oil

Design of a Dislocation Well Pattern and Drilling of Shallow...

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2021 SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, MEOS 2021

作者： Chen, Peng Yang, Guobin Chen, Lei Zhang, Guobin Han, Haochen Chen, Chen CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997727

The Junin block in Venezuela was known as an ultra heavy oil belt reserved in extra shallow layers (950ft-1,380ft) with unconsolidated formations. A cluster wells platform drilling was required for the Field development Program (FdP). Optimisation of the well pattern and drilling of shallow 3d cluster horizontal wells for development of ultra heavy oil are presented in this paper. A well pattern of hand-shape dislocation was forwarded to enhance effective recovery of heavy oil in diamond blind area. Optimisation of the casing programs and control of the well trajectories as well as other key performance drilling were designed. A strict anti-collision barrier design and operation steps were worked out to assure the drilling safety. The loss-resistance, anti-collapse, stick-stuck proof, lubrication and reservoir protection were put into considerations for the drilling fluid design. recovery of heavy oil was enhanced by means of electrical heating system. drilling challenges such as shallow target zones, big build-up rate, long horizontal sections, great friction drag and torques, and well trajectories control were experienced and settled. Especially the puzzles of well trajectories control in unconsolidated formations, great friction drag and torques of strings in large displacement long horizontal sections for subsequent operations, and the unstable wellbore were tackled. A typical well data revealed that the horizontal displacement vs. TVd ratio was as high as up to 4.5. The setting depth of surface casing and the determination of KOP were critical to the horizontal wells with large displacement in shallow layers. Pressurized combined drilling and casing-running by means of top drive overcame the drag and torque and achieved planned Td and casing setting depth. The use of electrical wireline heating rod increased the temperatures in and close to the wellbore, and compensated the radius heat loss and avoided viscosity increase of heavy oil so that the output was main

关键词： Horizontal wells

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research on radial drilling technology of high efficient rock breaking under high temperature deep well conditions

Research on radial drilling technology of high efficient roc...

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Abu dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference 2020, AdIP 2020

作者： Chen, Zhi Zhu, Feng Hu, Qiangfa Zhang, Youjun Lv, Weiping CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997345

The current radial well operation technology can not adapt to high temperature, and the long tripping period and low drilling efficiency in deep well *** to the characteristics of abrasive jet, a new radial drilling method is proposed in this paper, in which the abrasive jet is conveyed to the underground by CT (coiled tubing), the casing is sidetracked first, and then the formation is drilled. The working procedure is that using the CT to run the positioning and guiding tool in hole first, and then using the CT to run a steel tube in hole. When the steel tube reaches the deflector, it makes a radial turn, and the ground equipment transfers the abrasive drilling fluid to down hole through the CT. during the operation, the casing sidetracking is completed with drilling fluid with high abrasive concentration, then the abrasive concentration is reduced, and the steel tube enters the formation to complete the radial drilling. Practice has proved that when the well temperature exceeds 100°C the jet hose is easy to be damaged under high temperature and high pressure environment, resulting in leakage of drilling fluid and unable to complete the operation normally. It is necessary to select a suitable temperature-resistant jet hose. Practice has proved that when the well depth is more than 4000 meters, the pressure loss along the system increases and the jet water power from the nozzle decreases. For hard formation, the water jet is not enough for rock breaking drilling in the formation. The results show that under the same water power condition, abrasive jet has stronger ability to break rock and penetrate hard stratum than water jet because it contains solid particles with higher hardness and density. At the same time, the abrasive water jet with suitable abrasive concentration and water power can be used for casing sidetracking. The casing sidetracking and formation drilling are combined to simplify the process. Experiments show that the types of abrasiv

关键词： rocks

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Experimental study on the synthesis and interfacial properties of oligomeric silicone surfactant

Experimental study on the synthesis and interfacial properti...

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SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry 2019

作者： Jie, Zhang Xu, Xianguang Wang, Lihui Li, Long Zhang, die Zhao, Zhiliang Wang, Shuangwei CNPC Engineering technology R and D company limited China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613996331

Severe formation damage is induced by the invasion of working fluid and the subsequent water blocking. Surface modification by surfactant adsorption can change the wettability of the rock surface to enhance the removal efficiency of reservoir fluid and reduce the water blockage damage. Therefore, surfactant shows a good potential applicant in condense reservoir. In the current paper, an oligomeric silicone surfactant (OSSF) containing sulfonic acid groups is synthesized to improve the water flowback effect. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) is determined by equilibrium surface tension. Micelle can be formed above the CMC and its size and distribution increase with the concentration. At the same time, the surface tension increases with the aging temperature but decreases with the adding of inorganic salt. The OSSF adsorption through solid-liquid surface can change the surface chemical composition and transfer the wettability of reservoir from water-wet to gas-wet by decreasing the surface energy. Increasing temperature leads to the change in the adsorption isotherm from Langmuir type (L-type) to "double plateau" type (LS-type). Quantum chemistry study shows that the adsorbed layer of OSSF can reduce the adhesive force of CH4 and H2O on the pore surface of cores. The OSSF can also decease the initial foaming volume and stability in induction period and accelerating period of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SdBS). It is found that the surface tension of OSSF increases with aging temperature but decreases with the adding of inorganic *** OSSF has positive effect on wettability reversal to water-wet reservoir by adsorption on solid-liquid interface. The results indicate OSSF adsorption layer can change surface chemical composition and exhibit lower interface energy than that of the cores. The presence of NaCl can decrease foaming volume and improve foam stability of OSSF. At the same time, OSSF can decease the initial foaming volume and stability in induct

关键词： Surface tension

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Carbon nanotube enhanced water-based drilling fluid for high temperature and high salinity deep resource development

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Petroleum Science 2022年第2期19卷 916-926页

作者： Jing-Ping Liu Xian-Fa Zhang Wen-Chao Zhang Kai-He Lv Yin-rui Bai Jin-Tang Wang Xian-Bin Huang Jia-Feng Jin Jin-Sheng Sun College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 102206China

drilling fluids face failure during drilling deep reservoir with high temperature and high *** experimental results show that high temperature and salinity reduce the negative charge on the surface of bentonite in the drilling fluid and cause the coalescence of bentonite *** a result,the particles coalesce,the grid structure is destroyed,and the rheological properties,rock-carrying capacity and filtration properties are *** resolve the foregoing,in this study,0.05-wt%carbon nanotubes are introduced into a 4%bentonite drilling fluid under conditions where the temperature and concentration of added Na Cl reach 180°C and 10 wt%,*** carbon nanotubes adsorb on the bentonite surface and increase the space among bentonite *** steric hindrance prevents the coalescence of bentonite in high temperature and high salt *** bentonite maintains the small size distribution of bentonite and supports the bentonite grid structure in the drilling *** a result,the rock-carrying capacity of the drilling fluid increases by 85.1%.Moreover,the mud cake formed by the accumulation of small-sized bentonite particles is dense;consequently,the filtration of bentonite drilling fluid reduced by 30.2%.

关键词： High temperature Water-based drilling fluid High salinity Carbon nanotube deep resources

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Flow numerical simulation of tubing or casing leakage in gas well

Flow numerical simulation of tubing or casing leakage in gas...

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Abu dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference 2020, AdIP 2020

作者： Zhang, Hong Yuan, Guangjie Li, Guotao Li, Jingcui Wan, Jifang Fu, Pan CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997345

Tubing or casing leakage of HTHP gas wells and underground gas storage wells affects wellbore integrity adversely. The wellbore micro-leakage detection technology can detect tiny fluid leakage in time and is of great significance to avoid malignant gas leakage accident. The theoretical basis of wellbore microleakage detection technology is characterizing the leakage flow field. To reveal the flow characteristics of gas leakage due to tubing and casing cracks and perforations, a CFd model of gas aperture leak has been established and flow field numerical simulation of high-speed and high-pressure gas outflow through aperture was conducted. The standard k-e turbulence model was used to calculate and analyze the pressure and velocity distribution of the steady flow field. In addition, a time step was set on the steady-state model and the Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) model was adopted to simulate the transient flow field with the initial conditions of the steady-state simulation results. The effects of the shape and size of the leakage hole, the pressure inside the pipe, and the medium in the outer annular space on the flow field were analyzed. The results show that obvious turbulence disturbance appears near the inlet of the leakage hole and supersonic under-expansion jet forms near the outlet of the leakage hole under the gas well working conditions, creating the expansion wave and shock wave. The flow velocity of gas leakage through the circular hole is the highest, while that of the slot hole is the lowest under the same conditions. The larger the leakage aperture is, the greater the pressure difference between inside and outside of the pipe is, and the more drastic variation of gas velocity in the leakage hole. The method and results provide theoretical guidance for the microleakage detection technology of gas well wellbore. © 2020, Society of Petroleum Engineers

关键词： Flow fields

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Curing kinetics and plugging mechanism of high strength curable resin plugging material

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Petroleum Science 2024年第5期21卷 3446-3463页

作者： Jing-Bin Yang Ying-rui Bai Jin-Sheng Sun Kai-He Lv School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206China

Lost circulation, a recurring peril during drilling operations, entails substantial loss of drilling fluid and dire consequences upon its infiltration into the formation. As drilling depth escalates, the formation temperature and pressure intensify, imposing exacting demands on plug materials. In this study, a kind of controllable curing resin with dense cross-network structure was prepared by the method of solution stepwise ring-opening polymerization. The resin plugging material investigated in this study is a continuous phase material that offers effortless injection, robust filling capabilities, exceptional retention, and underground curing or crosslinking with high strength. Its versatility is not constrained by fracture-cavity lose channels, making it suitable for fulfilling the essential needs of various fracture-cavity combinations when plugging fracture-cavity carbonate rocks. Notably, the curing duration can be fine-tuned within the span of 3-7 h, catering to the plugging of drilling fluid losing of diverse fracture dimensions. Experimental scrutiny encompassed the rheological properties and curing behavior of the resin plugging system, unraveling the intricacies of the curing process and establishing a cogent kinetic model. The experimental results show that the urea-formaldehyde resin plugging material has a tight chain or network structure. When the concentration of the urea-formaldehyde resin plugging system solution remains below 30%, the viscosity clocks in at a meager 10 mPa·s. Optimum curing transpires at 60℃, showcasing impressive resilience to saline conditions. remarkably, when immersed in a composite saltwater environment containing 50000 mg/L NaCl and 100000 mg/L CaCl_(2), the urea-formaldehyde resin consolidates into an even more compact network structure, culminating in an outstanding compressive strength of 41.5 MPa. Through resolving the correlation between conversion and the apparent activation energy of the non-isothermal dSC curing reac

关键词： Urea-formaldehyde resin rheological property Curing property Curing kinetics Plugging mechanism

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Study on Perforation Erosion in Hydraulically Fractured Shale Gas Wells Through downhole Video Imaging and Computational Fluid dynamic Modelling

Study on Perforation Erosion in Hydraulically Fractured Shal...

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2024 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, APOGCE 2024

作者： Yuan, L. Hu, S.L. Mu, L.Y. Wang, d.L. Yang, X.T. CNPC Oilfield Service Company Limited China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025269

The limited-entry technology was a key technology in the multistage fracturing of shale oil and gas horizontal wells to help distribute fracture fluid among multiple perforation clusters evenly. However, perforations could be eroded and enlarged because of high-speed and continuous abrasion by the proppants, resulting in unequal inflow and uneven cracks propagation between perforation clusters, which caused low efficiency of the fracture treatment. Considering that the perforation erosion has not been fully understood yet, special attention should be paid to this aspect of research. In this work, post-fracturing perforations erosion images were collected by the downhole video imaging technology, which was employed to qualitatively analyze the geometrical morphology. Then, the erosion data (perforation diameter & perforation area) at different phases were utilized to quantitatively summarize the perforation erosion & chambering laws. Finally, perforation erosion models were built using computational fluid dynamics (CFd) to simulate the distribution of the flow field when high-speed fracturing fluid with proppants injected perforations, which would help interpret the analysis of the results. Based on above technics, the erosional pattern of perforation would be clearly revealed. One thousand and two perforation erosion images from medium to deep shale gas wells in Sichuan and Chongqing regions demonstrated that post-fracturing perforations appeared in four different geometrical morphology, including round (under-erosion, 10%), droplets (normal-erosion, 52%), near-droplets (over-erosion, 25%) and irregularity (abnormal-erosion,13%). due to the influence of the proppant concentration profile, perforations located near the downside of the horizontal wellbore suffered more severe erosion, for example, the most eroded perforation was near phase 180 degree with an average diameter of 18.4 mm which was 1.8 times larger than that of perforations near phase 0 degree (10.4 mm).

关键词： Proppants

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