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12th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEDC 2022

作者： Teng, Xin-Miao Yu, De-Zhou Tang, Xue-Ping Gao, Wen-Kai Ding, Hua-Hua Liu, Ke Chen, Wen-Yi CNPC Engineering Technology Research and Development Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819919635

The borehole size and shape are key engineering environmental parameters in terms of the drilling and completion engineering. In order to solve the issues of conventional wireline logging such as the poor real-time performance, a novel high-resolution imaging logging tool while drilling has been designed for monitoring the borehole quality and analyzing the rock mechanical characteristics in real time by measuring azimuth caliper and imaging borehole shape while drilling. A measurement method of 36-sector azimuth caliper is proposed in this paper to address the challenge of high-speed rotary while drilling, and guides the overall design of measurement and control circuit of imaging tool as well. For the shake of solving the problem of slow transmission rate while drilling, an intelligent algorithm of borehole echo characteristics recognition is developed, which automatically processes massive original waveform data by downhole measurement and control circuit, and only uploads imaging results with MWD, thus greatly reducing the amount of transmitted data. The external diameter of the tool is 172 mm, equipped with 4 ultrasonic transducers uniformly placed around the circumference of the drilling tool at an interval of 90º. The tool proposed in this paper has been successfully tested in Huabei Oilfield, and the caliper measurement accuracy is less than ±2 mm and realizes 36-sector high-resolution azimuth caliper measurement and borehole shape image while drilling. It is important for real-time analysis of wellbore stability and geomechanics analysis, which can effectively ensure the safe, efficient and refined exploration and development of oil and gas resources. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Boreholes

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Trend Analysis for Calibrated Active System Volume and Differential Flow Significantly Reduces False Positive Kick Alarm During Drilling

Trend Analysis for Calibrated Active System Volume and Diffe...

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2024 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, APOGCE 2024

作者： Ding, Danhong Mei, Yunyi Ge, Su Yong, Fengwei Lu, Yaozhong Ge, Yunhua CNPC National Elite Institute of Engineering Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company limited Beijing China CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing China Sino Science & Technology Company Limited Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025269

Rapid kick detection is an essential part of rig safety. Identifying potential kick events in time is valuable and is an urgent and critical task for rig personnel and remote Operation Support Center(OSC) users. A new monitoring system has been developed by firstly calibrating the active system volume for pipe and cuttings displacement during drilling and then by detecting a statistically significant trend in the observed data rather than to rely solely on absolute values and threshold crossing to maximize the sensitivity whilst minimizing the number of false alarms. More than hundreds of historical kick alarms were reviewed and the corresponding mud logging data before the events occurred were displayed in log format against time for clear identification of anomalies in three different tracks: one track for pit volume, one for flow-in and flow-out, the third hole depth, bit depth and block position. By applying an automated rule-based system, the states of rig activities are also displayed simultaneously by detection of bit movement, pump, rotation status and other elements. It is noticed that the data absolute value, data noise, and rig operations such as sudden string movements and flow transients has significant interference to the detection of kick event and that the differential flow is more sensitive early kick indicator than pit volume in most of the historical cases. A pit volume calibrated for drill pipe and cuttings displacement during drilling and a trend analysis by applying Page-Hinkley method for monitoring both active system volumes and differential flows are established and the monitoring system is updated. The system has been tested and refined with the data flows of the historical cases in labs to maximize the sensitivity whilst minimizing the number of false alarms. A significant reduction of false positive alarms is achieved by reducing triggering of 1-2 alarms per well per week while maintaining a 100% true positive identification rate by compa

关键词： Drill pipe

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research on the Recognition and Characterization of Fractures in Coal Rock Based on CT Scanning

Research on the Recognition and Characterization of Fracture...

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International Petroleum and Petrochemical technology Conference 2024, IPPTC 2024

作者： Ye, Zhilin Qu, Shiyuan Liu, Jianquan Gao, Xiang Jin, Yi CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development China

Coal rock fractures play a vital role as key channels for gas migration and storage in the exploration and development of coalbed methane. The characteristics of these fractures, such as porosity distribution, specific surface area, and connectivity, directly impact the adsorption, diffusion, and permeability behaviors of coal reservoirs. Therefore, a detailed analysis of coal rock fracture characteristics is vital in assessing the extractability of coalbed methane and during its exploration and development process. Currently, techniques like imaging logging, seismic detection, and micro-CT are employed for characterizing and studying fractures at various scales. Among these, high-resolution non-destructive CT scanning technology, by constructing three-dimensional data models of core samples, enables a quantitative analysis of fracture distribution features and size parameters. Traditional digital image processing methods, such as threshold segmentation and binary segmentation, though advantageous in computational speed, have limitations in the accuracy of fracture identification. With the advancement of artificial intelligence technology, deep learning-based image processing techniques have increasingly become significant tools for fracture detection due to their powerful feature extraction capabilities. This study conducted micrometer-level CT scanning experiments on coal rock samples, using CT image processing technology to construct a digitalized coal rock core model. Deep learning methods were applied for precise fracture identification, establishing an appropriate deep learning architecture and optimized parameters for coal rock fracture recognition. Furthermore, this paper provides a detailed quantitative characterization of the precisely identified fractures, offering robust technical support for the exploration and development of coalbed methane. The high-resolution nondestructive CT scanning technology and three-dimensional fracture network reconstruction

关键词： Computerized tomography

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Safe Speed-Up Drilling technology for Ultra Deep Well Based on Geology-engineering Integration 12th

Safe Speed-Up Drilling Technology for Ultra Deep Well Based ...

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12th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEDC 2022

作者： Chen, Chang-Chang Ji, Guo-Dong Wang, Hai-Ge Huang, Hong-Chun Wu, Qiang Liu, Li CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company Limited Beijing China CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum and Development Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819919635

Qiulitage tectonic belt in Tarim Basin has large reservoir burial depth and complex geological conditions, and challenges such as ultra deep, high temperature, high pressure and high stress lead to big problems related to well control safety, well construction timeliness and project quality. To solve these key technical problems that set barriers to the process of exploration and development, a set of drilling technology process geology-engineering integration is established with geomechanics as the bridge. And an integrated key drilling engineering technology for the safe speed up of ultra deep well was formed, integrating well location optimization, well trajectory optimization, stratum pressure prediction before drilling, stratum drillability evaluation, bit and speed-up tool design and optimization, so as to solve engineering problems. Combined with seismic data, logging data, structural characteristics, and lithology distribution characteristics, the rock mechanics data volume related to the 3D drilling resistance characteristics of the block was established for the first time, and the vertical and horizontal heterogeneity was quantitatively characterized, which provided a basis for bit design, improvement and optimization. Through field practice, the average drilling complexity rate was reduced from 12% to 4.6%, and the drilling cycle at 8500m depth was reduced from 326 days to 257 days, which were significantly better than those of the vertical wells deployed in the early stage without considering geology-engineering integration. It accumulated technology and experience for the efficient development of ultra deep complex oil and gas reservoirs. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Integration

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An experimental study on horizontal well waterflooding in the Cretaceous porous carbonate reservoir of Oman

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第3期5卷 85-92页

作者： Jie Chen Liang Cheng Song Jin Yongli Wang Leiting Shi Geological Exploration and Development Research Institute Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company LimitedCNPCChengdu 610051China International Nature Gas Technology Support Center CNPCChengdu 610051China Oman Project Company CNPCBeijing 100034China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

Porous carbonate reservoirs,prevalent in the Middle East,are lithologically dominated by bioclastic limestones,exhibiting high porosity,low permeability,intricate pore structure,and strong *** through horizontal wells is commonly used for exploiting these ***,challenges persist,such as significant uncertainty and complex operational procedures regarding adjustment effects during the *** USH reservoir of the Cretaceous D oilfield,Oman exemplifies typical porous carbonate *** initially underwent depletion drive using vertical wells,followed by horizontal well waterflooding in the late ***,the oilfield is confronted with substantial developmental challenges,involving the understanding of residual oil distribution,effective water cut control,and sustaining oil production since it has entered the late development *** a microscopic visualization displacement system equipped with electrodes,this study elucidated the waterflooding mechanisms and residual oil distribution in the late-stage development of the USH *** results reveal that the reservoir's vertical stacking patterns act as the main factor affecting the horizontal well waterflooding *** water flow channels emerge under varying reservoir stacking patterns,with post-waterflooding residual oil predominantly distributed at the reservoir's top and *** oil recovery can be enhanced by adjusting the waterflooding's flow line and *** findings of this study will provide theoretical insights of waterflooding mechanisms and injection-production adjustments for exploiting other porous carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East through horizontal wells.

关键词： Porous carbonate reservoir Horizontal well waterflooding Microscopic visualization Three-dimensional physical model Waterflooding characteristics

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Study on Fracture Propagation in Tight Sandstone by Large-Scale Physical Simulation Experiments 12th

Study on Fracture Propagation in Tight Sandstone by Large-Sc...

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12th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEDC 2022

作者： Li, Jia-Ying Qi, Chun-Yan Wu, Bo-Hong Gu, Ye Zhou, Tuo CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819919635

Physical simulation experiment on hydraulic fracturing is an effective and reliablemethod to understand the initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures. However, shale and cement samples are mostly used in current experiments, while tight sandstone is seldom studied. Besides, the experiments are usually conducted with single-stage fracturing, ignoring the interaction between fractures in the actual fracturing. In this paper, a pioneer large-scale physical simulation experiment is conducted by multi-stage hydraulic fracturing to reveal the initiation and propagation of fracture in tight sandstone. Two groups of tight sandstone samples were prepared as the size of 28 × 28 ×36,where four circular notches were designed on the wellbore to represent fracturing clusters. The tests were performed by a large block polyaxial stress frame and the acoustic emissions data were observed to indicate the features of fracture complexity. Consequently, the effects of hydraulic fracture interaction, pumping rate and rate pulsing on fracture propagation were studied. The results showed that the simple fractures were mainly formed in tight sandstone, while the complex fractures were rarely formed since the mutual inhibition between fractures under stress shadow. The fracture initiation and breakdown pressures increase gradually with the pump rate, while the rate change has no significant effect on the fracture radius. The rate pumping can effectively increase fracture complexity, further improving the effect of reservoir stimulation. This work successfully reveals the effects of different factors on fracture initiation and propagation, offers an innovative method of physical simulation experiment on hydraulic fracturing, and provides a significant reference for fracturing design optimization of tight sandstone. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Fracture

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A New Method of Kick Evaluation Based on Energy Analysis

A New Method of Kick Evaluation Based on Energy Analysis

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2023 SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling technology Conference and Exhibition, MEDT 2023

作者： Ye, Yuguang Fan, Honghai Liu, Yuhan Tao, Zhenyu Diao, Haoyu Zhou, Fei China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology Research and Development Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613999974

With the gradual progress of drilling to the deep layer, the formation conditions become more and more complex. The safe density window of drilling fluid is narrow, and well kick and overflow occur frequently. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes an overflow evaluation index - overflow formation energy. From the perspective of energy analysis, overflow is regarded as the process of formation fluid doing work on the wellbore, and the power of overflow work can reflect the strength of overflow, so this power is defined as the overflow formation energy. Based on the model established in this paper, the effects of different types of overflow fluid, invasion rate of overflow fluid, drilling fluid density and formation pressure coefficient on overflow formation energy are analyzed. The overflow formation energy of gas is the highest. As the invasion rate of overflow fluid increases, the energy of overflow formation gradually increases. The data of 7 overflow wells are analyzed, and the corresponding overflow formation energy is calculated. It is found that the throttling circulating well killing method is more appropriate when the overflow formation energy is small. The overflow formation energy can quickly evaluate the overflow situation, provide theoretical basis for well control operation, and reduce the probability of well control operation risk. Copyright 2023, SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling technology Conference and Exhibition.

关键词： Drilling fluids

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Dolomitization Model of Pelletoid of Arab C Formation in Southern Arabian Gulf 84

Dolomitization Model of Pelletoid of Arab C Formation in Sou...

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84th EAGE Annual Conference and Exhibition

作者： Li, F. Ye, Y. Li, L. Wan, Y. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Petrochina China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China

ISBN: (纸本)9781713884156

Dolomitization is the main geological process that turn pelletoid into dolomites. How does dolomitization convert pelletoid into dolomites? Why do dolomites have different structures and crystals? This paper mainly answers these two questions. Based on core, cast thin sections, physical property and mercury intrusion, the Pelletoid types are first determined. Secondly, the diagenesis of the Pelletoid is comprehensively recognized, including the diagenetic types, diagenetic environment and diagenetic product. Finally, the dolomitization model of Pelletoid is established. There are four types dolomite in Arab C formation in BH oilfield. The Arab C Formation was in a tidal flat environment, in which facies include supratidal, intertidal and subtidal. Different facies have different water energy, lithology, exposure probability and time, as a result, the diagenesis such as gypsification, dolomitization, dissolution and cementation in different area vary greatly. That’s why there are four type of dolomite even the primitive particles are the same pelletoids. The pelletoids were mainly in the intertidal facies, subtidal facies with relatively high energy could also developed. Intertidal facies was easy to exposure, and gypsification and dolomitization was intense in penecontemporaneous stage. Due to the environment difference, response to sea level fluctuation and exposure time, the diagenesis, especially the extent of dolomitazition is different. As a result, the dolomite has different character in structure and crystal. © (2023) by the European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers (EAGE). All rights reserved.

关键词： Dolomite

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New Understanding of Matrix-Fracture Dual Media Reservoir Damage Based on Pressure-Controlled Fracturing 58

New Understanding of Matrix-Fracture Dual Media Reservoir Da...

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58th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium 2024, ARMA 2024

作者： Zhang, Yang Qiao, Yan Zhang, Shiling Wu, Hongjun Bai, Jie Guo, Xudong Li, Senmu CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited BeiJing China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development BeiJing China PetroChina Tuha Oilfield Company HaMi China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331305086

The Tarim Oilfield Krasu tectonic zone is deeply burial, high temperature, low porosity and permeability, and constitutes the complex matrix-fracture dual media seepage channels. Reservoir damage evaluation for such reservoirs is important for subsequent development. In this study, we firstly processed the fracture network in the reservoir core by controlled-pressure fracturing to improve the fracture tortuosity, and verified the reasonableness of this method by CT scanning and shape factor calculation. Then, based on the dual-media condition, we establish the water/oil-lock damage evaluation method, the stress-sensitive evaluation method, the fluid-sensitive evaluation method, and the in-well fluid damage evaluation method. Based on the above methods, the sensitivity of matrix-fracture dual-media reservoirs is moderately strong for water-oil locking, stress, and fluid salinity, moderately weak for liquid alkalinity, weakest for liquid flow rate. In-well fluid damage replacement experiments show that reservoir damage caused by first contact is the most important factor of reservoir damage during the whole process of drilling-completion-reconstruction. For deep tight reservoirs, fracturing fluid is easy to cause serious reservoir damage, and it is necessary to pay attention to reservoir protection during fracturing in low-yield blocks. Copyright 2024 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Fracturing fluids

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Advanced 4D Drilling Dynamics Model Simulates Downhole Vibration and Helps to Optimize in Preventing Drill String Failure

Advanced 4D Drilling Dynamics Model Simulates Downhole Vibra...

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2024 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, APOGCE 2024

作者： Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Qing Du, Shiliang Zhuo, Lubin Liu, Wei Ling, Bo CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Company Limited Beijing China Drilling and Production Technology Research Institute PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company Gansu Dunhuang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025269

Downhole vibration, such as backward or chaotic whirling, is one of the primary causes for drill string failure during drilling operation. Understanding drilling dynamics is crucial for determining the mechanism of vibration and fatigue accumulation so as to mitigate risk of drill string failure. Drilling dynamics or vibration data can either be obtained from real-time measurement or simulation based on dynamics model, which plays a crucial role for drilling optimization in pre-drill planning phase. An advanced 4D drilling dynamics model, which considers the interaction between drill bit and formation, impact and friction between drill string and wellbore, constraints exerted on drill string and drill bit, is proposed to simulate the distribution and variation of 3D displacement, velocity, acceleration as well as the stress state of entire drill string within specified time period. This time domain model allows exploration of the full range of dynamics response under different drilling scenarios, which helps to optimize the performance and reliability of BHA as well as WOB/RPM selection. Moreover, drill string fatigue life prediction can also be achieved by combing simulated stress state and fatigue accumulation theory. Simulation shows that BHA with smaller- sized drill collar or fewer stabilizers are more susceptible to backward and even chaotic whirling while drilling. Also, inappropriate WOB/RPM combinations such as low WOB with high RPM could also cause the onset of severe lateral vibration. High frequency bending stress, mainly concentrated on BHA and caused by lateral vibration, is the main reason for rapid fatigue accumulation and continuous severe vibration could even result in drill string fatigue failure within hours. These findings helped to justify the 5 consecutive BHA failure and 1 washout while drilling the 171/2" wellbore with 7621 ft length of an ultra-deep well. Simulation also showed that downhole lateral vibration severity was significantly redu

关键词： Drill collars

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