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57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium

作者： Chen, Changchang Ji, Guodong Zhang, Hongyuan Sun, Yuqi Wu, Qiang Jiang, Haichao CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9780979497582

The finite element model of the cutting tooth rock system based on ABAQUS is established by using the grid adaptive method. The average stress of each node of the cutting tooth is solved by using the secondary development of PYTHON language, and the rock breaking efficiency, real stress distribution and the influence laws of temperature and pressure of different cutting tooth shapes and rock samples are obtained. A super deep PdC bit with special non plane teeth is optimized and designed, which has achieved good results in the southern edge of Xinjiang. The research shows that the mechanical parameters of the rock change obviously under the high temperature and high pressure environment. The micro damage structure that is conducive to rock breaking by the bit is produced under the high temperature. The rock breaking efficiency is negatively related to the temperature due to the transformation of the rock from brittleness to plasticity under the high confining pressure. The double row structure of axe shaped teeth and cone shaped teeth has the best rock breaking effect under the ultra deep high temperature and high pressure environment. The drill bit footage is the longest. The problem of bit shoulder collapse is prominent under the ultra deep in-situ environment, The design of different rail double row teeth should be adopted, the design of bit stability should be strengthened, and the drilling parameters with large WOB, low speed and large displacement should be adopted. © 2023 57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. All rights reserved.

关键词： rocks

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Factory drilling and Fracturing technology for Tight Sandy Conglomerate Oil reservoir in the Junggar Basin

Factory Drilling and Fracturing Technology for Tight Sandy C...

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Abu dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference 2022, AdIPEC 2022

作者： Chang, Long Zou, Lingzhan Wang, Haige Yu, Yangfei Liu, Qi Zhuo, Lubin Yu, Jing Wu, Baocheng Xu, Jiangwen Shi, Jiangang CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613998724

The Triassic Baikouquan Formation reservoir in the Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin is characterized by tight sandy conglomerate oil reservoir with long drilling cycle and great fracturing difficulty. The factory drilling and fracturing techniques of horizontal wells for the Ma131 Well Block of Mahu Oilfield have been determined by regional geological characteristics research and optimization scheme design. The key technologies for horizontal well drilling speed improvement were explored by designing small three-stage wellbore structure, customizing the PdC bit properly, optimizing drilling tool combination, and selecting the drilling fluid with inhibition and plugging ability. The factory reservoir stimulation technique carried out horizontal well hydraulic fracturing with small well spacing for two sets of beds, and adopted bridge plug + clustering perforation staged fracturing and slick water + gel composite fracturing technology. 12 wells in a drilling pad were arranged in the demonstration area with the depth of 5000m, the distance between adjacent sections was 150m or 100m, with the horizontal section length of 1800m. Batching drilling operation pattern was adopted, with 3⁃well drilling for each of rig. rapid inclining prevention drilling through vertical sections adopted PdC bit + screw + MWd, with high rotary speed and high flow rate. In the build-up section, radical drilling parameters was used to improve the top drive rotary speed and release the torque. In the horizontal sections, rotary steering tool + low speed high torque screw was adopted. The application of this technology achieved good results, with average drilling cycle of 48.3 d and average rOP of horizontal section increased by 77%. The fracturing construction adopted high pad fluid ratio, high sand ratio and high pump rate. More than 10,000 m3 fluid was injected in a single well with high-intensity proppant injection. The factory operation was carried out in the order of construction from the two sides

关键词： Horizontal wells

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A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight oil reservoir recovered with gas flooding

A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight o...

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SPE/AAPG/SEG Unconventional resources technology Conference 2020, UrTeC 2020

作者： Mu, Lingyu Liao, Xinwei Zhao, Xiaoliang Zhang, Jingtian Zou, Jiandong Chu, Hongyang Shang, Xiongtao Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

due to the special micro-pore structure and the seepage law of tight reservoirs, the research on the development of tight oil is quite different from conventional reservoirs. For the tight oil reservoirs recovered with the gas injection, the gas breakthrough is an eternal theme as a result of the preferable mobility of the gas and the strong heterogeneity of the reservoirs. It is extremely important to evaluate the sweep efficiency. Based on the stream-tube method and the non-darcy theory, this paper establishes a rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency considering the mechanism of the gas flooding and the seepage characteristics of the tight oil reservoir. Firstly, the relative permeability under different miscible condition are determined through the revised Coats model. Besides, the Todd-Longstaff model is adopted to describe the varying viscosities of oil and gas. Secondly, the stream-tube model of the inverted nine-spot well pattern with fracture is established. Next, the seepage equations of oil and gas in the stream-tube is constructed considering the threshold pressure and the variation of the viscosity and relative permeability. Then, the sweep efficiency is obtained by solving these equations. Furthermore, an application example for evaluating the sweep efficiency is presented and sensitivity analyses are conducted to study the effect of the viscosity, pressure difference, fracture permeability and well spacing taking the case of a real tight reservoir. Through the analyses, it can be concluded that the factors have remarkable impacts on the sweep efficiency. The threshold pressure increases the resistance and reduces the flow rate, leading to a lower sweep of the injected gas. Even worse, the excessive threshold pressure results in that the effective displacement cannot be established. The fracture greatly shortened the breakthrough time and result in early channeling of the injected gas. The sweep efficiency is improved through the increase of the

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Study on Screening and Performance Evaluation technology of Salt-Tolerant Foaming Agent 13th

Study on Screening and Performance Evaluation Technology of ...

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13th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2023

作者： Jin, Yi Gao, Xiang Liu, Jian-Quan Chang, Qi-Fan Ye, Zhi-Lin Sun, Xun Zhang, Shi-Ling CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819702596

Foam drainage gas recovery technology is one of the most important technologies in drainage and gas production of shale gas wells. The effect of foam drainage which the main component of foaming agent is surfactant mainly depends on the type and performance of the foaming agent. In Jidong, Zhejiang and other oilfields, the salinity of formation water is high, which has strong inhibitory effect on the activity of surfactants. Therefore, it is necessary to select surfactants with high salt resistance as foaming agents. In this paper, we screened a foaming agent that can be dissolved and stable in the formation water with high salinity by evaluating the foaming ability, stability, liquid carrying capacity, compatibility and surface activity of four different types and concentrations of foaming agents with roche foam tester, liquid carrying rate tester and other relevant instruments. The results show that the foaming agent has good foaming and stability, better liquid carrying capacity and surface activity, and it can be used less with higher economic benefits than others, which provides a feasible scheme for the selection of foaming agent in shale bubble drainage process. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Surface active agents

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digital Twin System Utilizing Hybrid Approach of Physics Model and Machine Learning for Pipe Stuck Early Identification and Warning Based on real-Time data

Digital Twin System Utilizing Hybrid Approach of Physics Mod...

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2024 Offshore technology Conference Asia, OTCA 2024

作者： Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Haige Ji, Guodong Zhuo, Lubin Zhao, Zhixue Liu, Xiaoao Chen, Weifeng CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute of CNPC Daqing Drilling Engineering Company Daqing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025030

Pipe stuck accident is one of the primary causes contributing to NPT (Non-Productive Time) in the drilling industry, incurring global financial losses amounting to hundreds of millions annually. For decades, Practices and techniques have been formulated and developed to avoid and tackle this downhole accident, while the early detection and proactive management are critical for effectively preventing this issue at its early stage. This paper presents the development and implementation of a novel digital Twin system, which amalgamates physics-based modeling and machine learning to facilitate real-time monitoring and early warning of pipe stuck while drilling. The system performs a real-time simulation of hook load, torque, and SPP (Standpipe Pressure) under various drilling states based on T&d and wellbore hydraulics models, which undergo verification and calibration within predefined computing cycles in order to enhance accuracy and reduce error margins. The PSrI (Pipe Stuck risk), ranging from 0-100%, is based on rOC (rate of change) of these three actual drilling parameters and the deviation of the simulated value from actual ones under different drilling states, is proposed to provide a comprehensive risk assessment over time series regardless of drilling state. A Continuous, real-time assessment of pipe stuck risk, categorized into low (green), medium (yellow), and high (red) levels, can be realized with thresholds for parameter deviation and rOC derived from historical data of wells with and without pipe stuck accidents and rFA (random Forest Algorithm). The system is designed to alert users such as drillers or monitoring specialists with visual and auditory signals when a high-risk scenario is detected, prompting immediate preventative or corrective actions. Case studies have shown that the system could provide early warnings of high-risk of pipe stuck typically between 30 minutes to 2 hours ahead, particularly during back-reaming and tripping operation. This c

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Numerical simulation of shallow conductor-soil displacement characteristics in deep water drilling 58

Numerical simulation of shallow conductor-soil displacement ...

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58th US rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium 2024, ArMA 2024

作者： Zhang, Minghe Yang, Jin Wang, Haige Cui, Longlian Liu, Qi Kong, Lulin Sun, Ke Jia, Wanting CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331305086

Since the shallow soil is mostly composed of clay with weak cementation, the subsea wellhead is easy to be affected by external loads in the initial stage of installation, and the stability of the subsea wellhead is weak, which is prone to serious accidents such as sinking and tilting of the wellhead, resulting in significant economic losses and threatening the safety of deep-water operations. The traditional p-y curve calculation model cannot well reflect the vibration of the subsea wellhead and the detachment and displacement of shallow soil around the surface conductor. However, the Goodman contact element model in numerical simulation can simulate the discontinuity characteristics of the conductor-soil contact interface. In this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to discuss the vertical displacement characteristics of subsea wellhead under cyclic dynamic load and the displacement characteristics of shallow soil particles in different directions and depths around the surface conductor, and the factors affecting the displacement characteristics of conductor and soil are analyzed by load type, conductor installation depth, conductor diameter, and wellhead height above the mudline. It is important to explore the displacement characteristics of subsea wellheads and shallow soil for the design and stability evaluation of subsea wellheads. Copyright 2024 ArMA, American rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Wellheads

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research on Targeted Hydraulic fracturing control method based on theoretical model 57

Research on Targeted Hydraulic fracturing control method bas...

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57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium

作者： Wang, W.Z. Yang, G. Wang, H.G. Zhou, Z. Wang, L. CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780979497582

Targeted Hydraulic Fracturing (THF) is an effective method to increase oil or gas well production. This method involves injecting fluid into the reservoir to create fractures and stimulate the flow of hydrocarbons. Vuggy carbonate reservoirs provide a unique structure, allowing THF to optimize production. The key to successful fracturing is accurate targeting of the reservoir and the creation of artificial fractures connecting with the reservoir through construction methods. Therefore, in vuggy carbonate reservoirs, the turning radius of fractures is critical. The turning radius is affected by various factors, including the pre-existing fracture angle and construction parameters. A fracture expansion model that considers the influence of fluids was established to simulate the trend of fluid energy dissipation and the effect of internal fluid pressure on the expansion of fractures. Moreover, an accurate quantitative evaluation was conducted on the factors affecting the fracture turning range. © 2023 57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fracture

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A creep model for ultra-deep salt rock considering thermal-mechanical damage under triaxial stress conditions

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第2期16卷 588-596页

作者： Chao Liang Jianfeng Liu Jianxiong Yang Huining Xu Zhaowei Chen Lina ran College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China CNPC Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Underground Storage Engineering Langfang065007China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206China

To investigate the specific creep behavior of ultra-deep buried salt during oil and gas exploitation,a set of triaxial creep experiments was conducted at elevated temperatures with constant axial pressure and unloading confining pressure *** results show that the salt sample deforms more significantly with the increase of applied temperature and deviatoric *** accelerated creep phase is not occurring until the applied temperature reaches 130℃,and higher temperature is beneficial to the occurrence of accelerated *** describe the specific creep behavior,a novel three-dimensional(3d)creep constitutive model is developed that incorporates the thermal and mechanical variables into mechanical ***,the standard particle swarm optimization(SPSO)method is adopted to fit the experimental data,and the sensibility of key model parameters is analyzed to further illustrate the model *** a result,the model can accurately predict the creep behavior of salt under the coupled thermo-mechanical effect in deep-buried *** on the research results,the creep mechanical behavior of wellbore shrinkage is predicted in deep drilling projects crossing salt layer,which has practical implications for deep rock mechanics problems.

关键词： Creep experiments Creep model Thermal and mechanical damage Fractional derivative

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Experimental study of flow field in solution mining period of salt cavern gas storage 57

Experimental study of flow field in solution mining period o...

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57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium

作者： Guan, Yueyang Ban, Fansheng He, Qi Che, Yang Xu, Nan CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780979497582

Solution mining is the most critical process for salt cavern gas storage. So far Salt cavern gas storages in China are mainly single-well-cavity, and the time of dissolution between two and four years. Solution mining utilize intermediate hanging string and long hanging string for direct circulation and reverse circulation. In the process of solution mining, fluid velocity and different mode of circulation have a great influence on the longitudinal and transverse expansion of the cavity. Therefore, in order to research the changes of the flow field in different working conditions, this study uses Particle Image Velocimetry for flow field analysis. In the laboratory, using large- scale transparent models for laboratory simulation experiments. According to the experimental results, under direct circulation mode, water flows through the right space to upper part. Angle of reflux was in the range of 28° - 56°. The maximum influence radius of direct circulation flow field is 48.1m. In reverse circulation mode, if the distance from the intermediate hanging string to the insoluble matter is less than 2.44m, insoluble matter may affect circulation. © 2023 57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flow fields

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Prediction Method of Cutting Settling Velocity in Gas-liquid Two-phase Flow Based on Multi-gene Genetic Programming 56

Prediction Method of Cutting Settling Velocity in Gas-liquid...

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56th U.S. rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium

作者： Zhu, Zhaopeng Song, Xianzhi Han, Liang Zhang, rui Liu, Wei Fu, Jiasheng Hu, Xiaoli Li, dayu Qin, Furong Yang, donghan Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780979497575

The cuttings settling process becomes erratic in the complex gas-liquid mixture under gas kick, it is very difficult to accurately describe the migration process of cuttings. Meanwhile, the traditional empirical formula based on fitting experimental data is difficult to accurately predict the complex cuttings settlement. Neural network and other intelligent models with high prediction accuracy are difficult to be popularized and applied due to their black box properties. Multi-gene genetic programming can accurately describe complex nonlinear problems and automatically optimize the structure and parameters of the mathematical model, so as to effectively reduce the complexity of the model. Based on the multi-gene genetic programming algorithm, this study used a variety of input parameters to predict the settling velocity, explored the relationship between the input variables and the result, and established an explicit mathematical model of settling velocity with rMSE of 0.0896 in test set and r2 of 0.9292, which breaks the accuracy limits of traditional empirical model and the inexplicability of neural network model. This new method for predicting cuttings settling velocity in gas-liquid mixture can provide theoretical guidance for efficient cuttings migration in wellbore during gas kick. © 2022 ArMA, American rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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