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An intelligent completion and artificial lift technology to develop large carbonate reservoirs: Novel completion and zonal water injection via remote control methods to develop horizontal wells

An intelligent completion and artificial lift technology to ...

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SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy resources Conference 2021, TTCE 2021

作者： Fu, Jin Wang, Xi Yang, Guobin Zhang, Shunyuan Chen, Chen Han, Haochen CNPC Engineering Technologies R&D Company Ltd.

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997130

There are several large carbonate reservoirs that have drawn great attention of researchers in recent years. After optimization of drilling technologies, how to deploy artificial lift technologies to develop them more efficiently is another concern. Conventional zonal water injection technologies require repetitive operation with wirelines and cables, causing extensive tests and low efficiency. However, an intelligent zonal water injection string consisting of several preset cable packers, water injection pressure gauges, formation pressure gauges and downhole flow meters has simply optimized water injection parameters and efficiently developed all reservoirs in some China's mature oilfields, especially when the string is integrated with remote monitoring and control methodologies. With the rapid development of horizontal drilling and extended reach well drilling technologies, borehole conditions are becoming more and more complicated, which has brought more challenges to water adsorption testing of horizontal intervals and deployment of zonal water injection instruments. Compared with vertical wells, the water adsorption test and string running are more challenging for horizontal wells, in which we are faced by many a problem during zonal water injection, such as competitive slack off and tight pull, excessive or inadequate water injection, complicated operation process. Besides, well deviation, dog leg and horizontal section length shall be all taken into consideration during zonal water injection for horizontal wells. Therefore, novel strings and tools should be deployed. Now tight pull, slack off and long operation periods are common problems during zonal water injection of horizontal intervals. After dedicated research, a set of wireless intelligent water injection strings for horizontal wells has been invented. Based on pressure pulse water distribution technique, the water injection string is eligible for 32-stage adjustment, so one strip may accomplish testi

关键词： Horizontal wells

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deep learning-Aided dull Grading Scheme for drill Bits

Deep learning-Aided Dull Grading Scheme for Drill Bits

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2024 International Petroleum technology Conference, IPTC 2024

作者： Sun, Jia Guo, Huijuan Wang, Baodong Zhang, Quanli Yang, Xiongwen Drilling Mechanical Department CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China CNPC United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025184

drill bit design plays a key role in drilling operations. A suitable choice of the drill bit parameters (such as the profile shape, the orientation, and the distribution of cutters, etc.) will significantly improve the durability and stability of the drilling process, increase the rate of penetration (rOP) and enhance the drilling efficiency. Traditional strategies of the drill bit design usually involve a trial-and-error process to adjust the parameters, which is usually time-consuming and contains an element of subjectivity. Alternatively, machine learning techniques provide powerful tools to make full use of the collected data, and analyze the relation between the design parameters and the performance of the drill bits on specified rock mechanics data. In the present work, we aim at building a machine learning-aided scheme to help design the parameters of the drill bits. A machine learning-aided scheme is proposed to perform the drill bit design. First, a dull grading system is established to evaluate the wear extent of the drill bits from images. The grading system includes a cutter localization model to separate the cutters from drill bit images, a reconstruction model to regenerate the 3d geometries of the cutters from several 2d images, a classifier to evaluate the wear extent of the cutters, and an aggregative algorithm to grade the worn drill bits. The grading system is then applied to build the data set of the worn drill bits. Finally, an individual deep learning model is adopted to learn the relation between the design parameters and the wear extent, and a sensitivity analysis is performed to optimize the design parameters. The research results showed that: (1) the proposed machine learning-aided scheme could produce instructive guides on the drill bit design, reduce the analysis cost and provide accurate prediction on the impact of the design parameters. (2) The 3d reconstruction algorithm could efficiently extract the geometry feature of the drill bits

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A New Polymer Based Multifunctional Fracturing Fluid With Enhanced Proppant Transport Capability

A New Polymer Based Multifunctional Fracturing Fluid With En...

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2023 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, ATCE 2023

作者： Lin, Genyao Huang, Jiangshui Song, Lulu richardi, Bryant Li, Jianshen Liu, Fuchen Lin, Lijun CNPC USA HoustonTX United States CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Ltd Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613999929

Multifunctional fracturing fluid is desirable in the oil and gas industry as it can reduce operational complexity and footprints during hydraulic fracturing. Traditional slickwater fracturing fluid has limited proppant transport capability and lacks other functionalities. Most reported publications and practices on proppant transport enhancement were largely realized via increasing the viscosity of the fracturing fluid by using high viscosity friction reducer (HVFr) or simply increasing dosages. recent multifunctional fracturing fluid research has also demonstrated that the combination of HVFr with nano-emulsion can provide the effect of spontaneous imbibition oil displacement to improve oil recovery (IOr) and thus achieving the goal of combining both hydraulic fracturing and IOr. While fracturing fluid with high viscosity has been used to increase its proppant carrying capability, it comes with the compromise of reduced fracturing length, fewer secondary fractures as well as requiring multiple additives to achieve multifunctionalities. In response to the industrial needs of multifunctional fracturing fluids with reduced operational footprints, we report a multifunctional fracturing fluid based on a novel single polymer system containing oil-displacement surfactant. The new polymer based fracturing fluid was characterized in terms of friction reduction, proppant settling, rheological properties and Amott cell spontaneous imbibition tests. The flow loop results showed that the new polymer system based fracturing fluid can achieve friction reduction of more than 70% in both fresh water and 55K brine. remarkably, the new fracturing fluid at 0.4wt% can suspend the 20-40 mesh ceramic proppant for an extended period without apparent settling. Breaker studies and rheological properties of the fluid were performed using traditional breaker ammonium persulfate at various dosages. The spontaneous imbibition test on the broken fluid showed a significant increase in oil recover

关键词： Fracturing fluids

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Measurement of the Static Proppant-Settling Velocity in Fracturing Fluids Through digital Image Analysis

Measurement of the Static Proppant-Settling Velocity in Frac...

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2023 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, ATCE 2023

作者： Huang, Jiangshui Lin, Lijun Lin, Genyao richardi, Bryant Liu, Fuchen Li, Jianshen Yang, Zhenzhou CNPC USA HoustonTX United States CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Ltd Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613999929

This paper presents a novel method for quantitatively measuring the static proppant-settling velocity in hydraulic fracturing fluids through digital image analysis. The method developed is reliable and efficient for measuring the static proppant settling velocity (Sv) when there is no clear settling interface, which is useful for comparing the proppant carrying capability of different friction reducers (Frs), optimizing the concentration of friction reducers in the fracturing fluids for field operations, and improving the proppant carrying capability of friction reducers through the synthesis process. The experimental procedure involves pouring a fracturing fluid with proppants into a transparent glass cylinder, taking images of the proppants settling using a camera, transferring the images into a computer, and analyzing the images using macro programs prepared to measure the static proppant settling velocity. The settling velocity is determined by measuring the position (height) change of a proppant concentration selected with time, which is realized through using image saturation to determine the position of the proppant concentration in the image analysis. The results obtained from this method show that the proppant size, friction reducer concentration, salinity of the friction reducer fracturing fluids, and friction reducer molecule weight and chemical structure have an impact on the static proppant settling velocity. Also, the method developed in this study can be helpful for selecting proper fracturing fluids for field applications and the optimization of friction reducers in the synthesis process through quantitatively measuring the settling velocity. To the best of our knowledge, except for determining the settling velocity of a single particle in the fluids, this is the first study to quantitatively measure the static proppant-settling velocity in fracturing fluids through digital image analysis. The method developed offers several benefits including the ab

关键词： Proppants

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New Generation Fracturing Fluid with Superior Proppant Transport and Oil displacement Functionalities

New Generation Fracturing Fluid with Superior Proppant Trans...

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2024 International Petroleum technology Conference, IPTC 2024

作者： Lin, Genyao Huang, Jiangshui richardi, Bryant Yu, Stephanie Li, Jianshen Liu, Fuchen Lin, Lijun CNPC USA HoustonTX United States CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Ltd Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025184

Multifunctional fracturing fluid is desirable in the oil and gas industry as it can simplify hydraulic fracturing operations and reduce environmental impact. Traditional high-viscosity fluids, like borate crosslinked fluid, can effectively transport proppant to keep fractures open but can constrain fracture length and damage the proppant pack. Conversely, low-viscosity options like linear gels, can extend fracture length and facilitate secondary fractures, but have limited proppant carrying capabilities. recent efforts have attempted to combine fracturing fluid with surfactants to achieve both hydraulic fracturing and improved oil recovery. However, these efforts require multiple additives and still lack sufficient proppant transportation. This study introduces a new generation fracturing fluid combining superior proppant transport and oil displacement functionalities, formulated with a unique polymer containing chemically bonded oil displacement surfactant. The new fracturing fluid was evaluated using a range of tests, including static proppant suspension test, rheology test, coreflood, regained conductivity and oil displacement tests. The static proppant suspension test compared the new fracturing fluid with a linear gel. The fluid's rheological properties were measured using an advanced rheometer. The spontaneous imbibition Amott test was conducted to appraise the fluid's oil displacement properties. The coreflood and regained conductivity studies were conducted at 160°F to evaluate the fluid's formation and proppant pack damage. The new generation fracturing fluid excelled in all tests studied. In the static proppant suspension test, it suspended the 20-40 mesh ceramic proppant much longer than the traditional guar-based fluid. The rheology test revealed that the 0.3wt% fluid's storage modulus G' is higher than the loss modulus G" across the whole spectrum of frequency tested, signifying high elasticity of the fluid. The spontaneous imbibition test demonstrated

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Stability Analysis of Underground-gas-storage Salt Cavern Based on Similarity Criterion 55

Stability Analysis of Underground-gas-storage Salt Cavern Ba...

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55th U.S. rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium 2021

作者： dong, Jingnan Li, Guotao Liu, Tianen Li, Jingcui Zhang, Yingbin CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China HydroChina-ITASCA R&D Center Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781713839125

Underground gas storage using salt cavern is becoming popular due to the rising problem of the seasonal gas demand peaking. The salt cavern stability analysis is an indispensable part of the salt cavern design. The aim of the research is to study the stability of the two-well-horizontal caverns and establish the universal similarity criteria controlling the creep of the cavern. The WIPP-drucker model is investigated. The mechanical properties of the formation generally follow the geo data from Pingding Mountain. The creep simulation is performed over a period of 30 years under different and cycling cavern gas pressures simulating the gas demand peak over the whole year. The similarity criteria regarding salt cavern stability are established based on dimensional analysis. The dimensional relationships between surface subsidence, cavern volume reduction, in-situ stress, cavern gas pressure, steady-state creep rate, creep time and characteristic length of the cavern are founded. results show that the simulated cavern volume reduction due to creep corresponds to the measured real cavern volume change over years. The results also show that a total of 9 dimensional physical quantities control the whole creep system. There are 4 simple criteria and 2 composed criteria, which correspond to 6 scaling criterions. The numerical simulation results verify the accuracy of the scaling criterions. The study provides guidance to the salt cavern design and operation process in the term of the mechanical stability of the cavern. © 2021 ArMA, American rock Mechanics Association

关键词： Creep

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Multi-scale elastoplastic mechanical model and microstructure damage analysis of solid expandable tubular

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第10期29卷 336-348页

作者： Hui-Juan Guo Ying-Hua Liu Yi-Nao Su Quan-Li Zhang Guo-dong Zhan Department of Engineering Mechanics AMLTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Drilling Mechanical Department CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company LimitedBeijing 102206China Drilling Technology Division EXPEC Advanced Research CenterSaudi Arabia

We present an in-depth study of the failure phenomenon of solid expandable tubular (SET) due to large expansion ratio in open holes of deep and ultra-deep wells. By examining the post-expansion SET, lots of microcracks are found on the inner surface of SET. Their morphology and parameters such as length and depth are investigated by use of metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the Voronoi cell technique is adopted to characterize the multi-phase material microstructure of the SET. By using the anisotropic elastoplastic material constitutive model and macro/microscopic multi-dimensional cross-scale coupled boundary conditions, a sophisticated and multi-scale finite element model (FEM) of the SET is built successfully to simulate the material microstructure damage for different expansion ratios. The microcrack initiation and growth is simulated, and the structural integrity of the SET is discussed. It is concluded that this multi-scale finite element modeling method could effectively predict the elastoplastic deformation and the microscopic damage initiation and evolution of the SET. It is of great significance as a theoretical analysis tool to optimize the selection of appropriate tubular materials and it could be also used to substantially reduce costly failures of expandable tubulars in the field. This numerical analysis is not only beneficial for understanding the damage process of tubular materials but also effectively guides the engineering application of the SET technology.

关键词： solid expandable tubular(SET) material microstructure damage multi-scale elastoplastic model virtual failure

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research on small molecule wetting agent for drilling fluids applied in Antarctic drilling engineering

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Petroleum Science 2025年

作者： Huang, Ning Sun, Jin-Sheng Liu, Jing-Ping Lv, Kai-He deng, Xue-Fei Yi, Hai-Jiang School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Shandong Qingdao 266580 China CNPC Engineering Technology R & D Company Limited Beijing 102206 China

Antarctica contains numerous scientific mysteries, and the Antarctic ice sheet and its underlying bedrock contain important information about the geological structure of Antarctica and the evolutionary history of the ice sheet. In order to obtain the focus of these scientific explorations, the Antarctic drilling engineering is constantly developing. The drilling fluid performance directly determines the success or failure of drilling engineering. In order to enhance the poor performance for drilling fluids due to poor dispersion stability and easy settling of organoclay at ultra-low temperatures, the small-molecule wetting agent (HSr) for drilling fluid suitable for Antarctica was prepared by oleic acid, diethanolamine and benzoic acid as raw materials. Its chemical structure, properties and action mechanism were investigated by various experimental methods. The experimental results showed that 2% HSr could improve the colloidal rate for drilling fluid from 6.4% to 84.8%, and the increase rate of yield point was up to 167%. Meanwhile, it also made the drilling fluid excellent in shear dilution and thixotropy. In addition, 2% HSr could increase the density from 0.872 to 0.884 g/cm³ at −55 °C. And the drilling fluid with 2% HSr had a good thermal conductivity of 0.1458 W/(m·K) at −55 °C. This study gives a new direction for the research of drilling fluid treatment agents suitable for the Antarctic region, which will provide strong support for the scientific exploration of the Antarctic region. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Antarctic drilling engineering drilling fluid Mechanism study Performance evaluation Wetting agent

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Challenge of temperature control for downhole instruments in HTHP reservoir

Challenge of temperature control for downhole instruments in...

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SPE Offshore Europe Conference and Exhibition 2019, OE 2019

作者： Gao, Wenkai Liu, Ke Jia, Hengtian Hong, difeng Teng, Xinmiao CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company Limited

ISBN: (纸本)9781613996645

With the further exploration of oil and gas, we have to search for new resources which buried in deep strata, and most of the deep and ultra-deep wells are categorized in high-pressure/high-temperature (HPHT) wells. The problem of high temperature and the challenge to the existing downhole equipments are becoming increasingly prominent, where the drilling depth is severely restricted. The conventional measurement while drilling tools with common electronics will experience very high failure rates at these conditions. One of the solutions is called the active cooling technology, which can transfer the heat from electronics system to downhole environment. By this way, the temperature control of downhole instrument circuit system is realized. The active cooling technology is expounded in this paper, expecially about the principles and development status of each system. After evaluating and analyzing the characteristics of this technology, the function of heat transfer and constituent elements for the cooling system are summarized. The study from this work demonstrates the future work for downhole cooling technology: large refrigeration capacity, small size, strong adaptability and modularization. Copyright 2019, Society of Petroleum Engineers

关键词： Instrument circuits

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drILLING-PIPE dYNAMIC ANALYSIS ANd VErIFICATION IN HOrIZONTAL WELL 29

DRILLING-PIPE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS AND VERIFICATION IN HORIZONTA...

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29th International Congress on Sound and Vibration, ICSV 2023

作者： Zhisheng, Zhang Xiangyang, Wu Jinliang, Zhang Zhidong, Zhang Yan, Mei Gang, Li Junlong, Chen CO. Ltd China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China

ISBN: (纸本)9788011034238

Horizontal well technology is an essential means of enhancing drilling productivity and oil and gas production. However, the deviation angle of horizontal wells is highly variable, resulting in significant drill-pipe friction. due to the influence of its own gravity, the drill-pipe approaches the floor of the wellbore as the horizontal displacement increases. during rotary drilling, the drill-pipe exhibits evident nonlinear characteristics and is susceptible to lateral vibration. This article establishes a mathematical model for the lateral vibration of a horizontal drill-pipe considering the drilling fluid inside the drill-pipe and the drilling fluid in the annulus based on variables such as drilling fluid flow rate, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid viscosity coefficient, gravity, friction, and drilling pressure. The calculation technique is provided, and the displacement equation and vibration frequency equation of the horizontal drill-pipe's lateral vibration are derived. The frequency of lateral vibration under various parameter conditions is analysed using numerical simulation. Moreover, by compiling site-specific data for comparison, it was determined that the model accurately describes the lateral vibration of the drilling string. © 2023 Proceedings of the International Congress on Sound and Vibration. All rights reserved.

关键词： drills

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