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11th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2021

作者： Wang, ru-yi Wang, Zhi-zhang Yang, Xiang-Tong Xu, Zhen-yong Guo, Fa-jun Downhole Operation Research Department CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum-Beijing Beijing China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Hua Bei Oilfield Company Shangqiu China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811921483

This primary goal of this study was to improve the accuracy of seismic identification of carbonate tidal channels and to achieve quantitative characterization of seismic facies. This paper is the first to present a co-training semi-supervised learning algorithm for use with seismic and drilling data to identify the sedimentary microfacies patterns of tidal channels within carbonate reservoirs. Co-training is a semi-supervised machine learning algorithm by which the feature dataset is split into two subsets, and a classifier is established for each feature subset. Each subset is re-trained based on the classification results of the other subset until the same classification results are obtained for most of the data in the two subsets. Taking the Mb1-3 subzone of the Mishrif Formation, West Qurna Oilfield-1 (Iraq) as an example, we employed zero-crossing-wrapping method to extract 18 seismic attributes of the target zone. The sliding window method was used to optimize 12 seismic attributes, and a hierarchical clustering algorithm based on correlation coefficients was used to group these seismic attributes. Using the two seismic attribute groups as feature data, we employed logistic regression, decision tree, and the k-nearest neighbor classifiers to conduct co-training semi-supervised learning for the classification and identification of tidal channels and lagoons. The results showed that the co-training semi-supervised learning algorithm improved the accuracy rate of each classifier, reduced background noise and clutter signals, and enhanced the continuity of the plane distribution of the tidal channel prediction results. In summary, the co-training semi-supervised learning algorithm significantly improved the efficiency of seismic facies identification of tidal channels. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Experimental Investigation on Fracture Growth for Integrated Hydraulic Fracturing in Multiple Gas Bearing Formations

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SSrN 2022年

作者： Tan, Peng Jin, Yan Fu, Shihao Chen, Zhaowei CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206 China China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China

Whether hydraulic fracture could connect different gas-bearing zones was the key to jointly extract the multiple natural gases of coalbed methane, shale and other tight gases by integrated hydraulic fracturing in coal measure strata (CMS). In this paper, a several groups of combination samples comprised of artificial rocks were prepared, and true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiments were conducted to stimulate the hydraulic fracture propagation and penetration behavior. The effects of in-situ stress, injection rate, natural fracture and well type on fracture growth were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) Fracture geometries in CMS presented strong asymmetric, nonplanar extension and unilateral expansion features in the vertical plane. (2) With higher value of vertical stress difference coefficient and injection rate, fracture vertical extension was larger and the possibility of fracture connecting adjacent gas bearing layer was bigger. (3) There was huge difference in fracture extension behavior between vertical and horizontal well. In vertical well, the main fracture presented "+" shape and fully communicated natural coal cleats system. In horizontal well, fracture height growth was not enough and fracture patterns vertically presented "H" or "T" shape, since the hydraulic fracture was easy to turn direction when propagating to natural weak planes. In addition, the fracture vertical extension ability increased with vertical stress difference coefficient rising. (4) Natural fractures could induce fracture turning and branching, which improved fracture network complexity and caused fracturing fluid loss and hydraulic energy dissipation. Thus, choosing shale or coal layer with developed natural fractures as fracturing layer was unhelpful for integrated fracturing operation. Besides, fracturing operation efficiency could be enhanced by higher fracturing fluid viscosity, injection rate and gradient sanding. These results could provide theoretical guidan

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing

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Experimental demonstration of multiparty reference-frame-independent QKd

Experimental demonstration of multiparty reference-frame-ind...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Lee, donghwa Shin, Kyujin Kim, Yosep Lim, Hyang-Tag Kim, Yong-Su Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Division of Nano & Information Technology KIST School Korea University of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Materials Research & Engineering Center R&D Division Hyundai Motor Company Uiwang16082 Korea Republic of

We report that rFI-QKd protocol can be extended to multiparty system using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. We derive the asymptotic key rate and perform proof-of-principle experiment to verify the feasibility...

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

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An intelligent artificial lift technology and its trial in middle east: Integration of remote wireless control and artificial automation for zonal water injection

An intelligent artificial lift technology and its trial in m...

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SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition 2020, ATCE 2020

作者： Fu, Jin Wang, Xi Yang, Guobin Zhang, Shunyuan Liu, Bingshan Chen, Chen CNPC Engineering Technologies R&D Company Ltd

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997239

High water cut is a serious problem for mature oilfields in China. Water injection paths are intersected with each other, injectors and producers are distributed in a more and more complicated pattern, while low-productivity layers are more focused. Conventional zonal water injection technologies require repetitive operation with wirelines and cables, causing extensive tests and low efficiency. However, an intelligent zonal water injection string consisting of several preset cable packers, water injection pressure gauges, formation pressure gauges and downhole flow meters has simply optimized water injection parameters and efficiently developed all reservoirs in some China's mature oilfields. Horizontal drilling and extended reach well drilling technologies are developing by high speed, we are faced by more critical borehole conditions, which has brought more challenges to water adsorption testing of horizontal intervals and deployment of zonal water injection instruments. Compared with vertical wells, the water adsorption test and string running are more challenging for horizontal wells, in which we are faced by many a problem during zonal water injection, such as competitive slack off and tight pull, excessive or inadequate water injection, complicated operation process, etc. There are several common challenges arising from zonal water injection, such as tight pull, slack off and repetitive operation. A full set of wireless intelligent water injection string for horizontal wells has been proposed. Based on pressure pulse water distribution technique, the water injection string is eligible for multi-stage adjustment, so it is possible to finalize testing, adjusting, injection, measurement, downhole data collection as well as automatic error correction in one run during water injection. A dedicated trial shows that integration of remote wireless control and artificial automation may is applicable, as packers are set securely and released easily, in order to adjust o

关键词： data acquisition

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A new method for predicting the density of drilling fluid based on non-parametric regression under HTHP

A new method for predicting the density of drilling fluid ba...

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2024 8th International Conference on Electrical, Mechanical and Computer engineering (ICEMCE)

作者： Haiqiu Zhou Yuguang Ye Weiheng Cheng Yixin Gu Qijun Guo Tuo Zhou Bahedaer Yue Xiao Fuhua Jiang Shiying Zhou CNPC Engineering Technology R & D Company Limited Beijing China China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Co. Ltd. Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798331506230

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506247

Temperature and pressure are important factors affecting the density of drilling fluid. As exploration and development gradually progress to deep layers and deep waters, formation temperature and pressure are getting higher and higher. Ignoring the influence of temperature and pressure on the density of drilling fluid will lead to large deviations in drilling hydraulic calculations and increase the probability of accidents such as lost circulation and overflow. In this paper, the density change of a set of field oil-based drilling fluids is measured through laboratory experiments. The temperature range is 20-180°C, and the pressure range is 0.1 MPa-180 MPa. A high-temperature and high-pressure density prediction model for oil-based drilling fluids is established based on the weighted linear regression method. Based on the established model, the high-temperature and high-pressure density of the experimental drilling fluid is predicted. The results show that the prediction error is less than 5%, and the calculation accuracy is high, which can guide on-site operation and construction.

关键词： drilling Temperature measurement Temperature distribution Fluids Accuracy density measurement Oils Computational modeling Linear regression Predictive models

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Simulation of rock-Breaking Ability of Polycrystalline diamond Compact Cutter Based on rock Mechanics Experiment After Heat Treatment

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Journal of Energy resources technology, Part B: Subsurface Energy and Carbon Capture 2025年第2期1卷 021007页

作者： Yin, Qishuai Wen, Zhiliang ren, Laiao Qu, Ximo Li, Qianyu Zhou, Bo MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China China Oilfield Services Limited Tianjin 300451 China https://***/041qf4r12China University of Petroleum Beijing MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 102206 China

When drilling in geothermal and deep formations, the rock-breaking mechanism of high-temperature formations is not clear. In this work, mechanical tests of rocks subjected to high temperatures were carried out, and rock-breaking models of bottom hole thermal stress dispersion and polycrystalline diamond compact (PdC) cutter were established. Aiming at efficient rock breaking pursued by drilling in high-temperature formation, rock-breaking simulations of PdC cutters with different front rake angles under the condition of temperature and confining pressure changes were carried out based on critical penetration depth. The mechanism of rock breaking is analyzed from the point of view of stress variation in the process of brittle rock breaking. The study shows that rock plasticity is enhanced after high temperature, and the temperature difference between the drilling fluid and bottom hole will make the outer part of the bottom hole shrink obviously. Under the conditions of this study, the optimal rock-breaking angle of the PdC cutter is 20 deg. The confining pressure of deep high-temperature formation will hinder rock breaking at a lower value range, and rocks under high confining pressure are more prone to brittle fracture. The increase of rotational speed has an obvious promotion stage for efficient rock breaking, and too large rotational speed will result in low brittle rock-breaking efficiency. These works are helpful in understanding the efficient brittle rock-breaking mechanism in high-temperature drilling, and can provide references for tooth design and rotational speed optimization of PdC bits.

关键词： critical cutting depth high-temperature drilling parameter optimization numerical simulation geothermal energy petroleum wells-drilling/production/construction geomechanics

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development and Performance Evaluation of a New Type of Temperature resistant Surfactant for Ultra-deep Well Casing Flushing

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SSrN 2024年

作者： Song, Hanxuan Guo, Jixiang Wyclif, Kiyingi Wang, Xiwen He, Aiguo Li, Jiao Wang, Li Chen, Xiangwei State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China

during the ultra-deep well drilling process, drilling fluid tends to remain in the casing, contaminating it and affecting the progress of completion engineering. To address this issue, a screening method was employed to select non-ionic surfactants, with fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-7) being chosen among various types. To overcome the temperature resistance issue of AEO-7, Phthalic anhydride (PA) was introduced into AEO-7, and neutralization reaction with NaHCO3 was carried out to synthesize a novel surfactant (SEO). High-temperature and high-pressure precipitation testing equipment and high-temperature cleaning equipment were set up to study the temperature-resistant cleaning performance of SEO. results indicate that surfactant SEO maintains good solubility in high-temperature environments in the solution through ionic bonding. At 200°C, the cleaning efficiency of SEO solution for different types of drilling fluid residues exceeds 95%. Additionally, SEO adsorption on metal surfaces can inhibit Cl- corrosion. Combined with micro-mechanism characterization results, SEO can disperse solid particles, adsorb organic phases, reduce interfacial tension, and achieve efficient cleaning. Field experimental results show that the surface tension retention rate of well-flushing fluid after cleaning is 95.8%, with a solid particle content of 5.4g/L, meeting onsite requirements and broad application prospects. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface active agents

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High-resolution coupling of stratigraphic'sweet-spot'lithofacies and petrophysical properties:A multiscale study of Ordovician Goldwyer Formation,Western Australia

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Petroleum Science 2023年第3期20卷 1312-1326页

作者： Yu-jie Yuan reza rezaee Jian-Wei Gu Song-Tao Wu Emad A.Al-Khdheeawi Jun Wang Bin Pan School of Earth Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan650500China Western Australian School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong266580China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPCBeijing100083China National Energy of Tight Oil and Gas R&D Center Bejing100083China Petroleum Technology Department University of Technology-IraqBaghdad10066Iraq School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingNo.30Xueyuan RoadBeijing10083China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

The identification of stratigraphic'sweet-spot'interval is significant in oil and gas formation ***,formation evaluation in macroscopic-scale merely provides low resolution and limited infor-mation,thus may lead to uncertainties in resource *** accurately identify the'sweet-spot'intervals amongst heterogeneous lithofacies,we conducted a very high-resolution and quantitative analysis from in-situ macroscopic scale to laboratory microscopic scale on the Goldwyer formation of Canning Basin,Western *** comprehensive advanced well logging and slim-compact micro imager(SCMI)technologies were synthetically applied in couple with the laboratory nanoscaled *** results unveiled an extraordinarily large lithofacies heterogeneity between different rock intervals,with distinguished features shown in Goldwyer Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ *** most favorable lithofacies is recognized as the laminated argillaceous thermally-matured organic matter(OM)-rich mudstone,which is widely developed in Goldwyer Ⅲ as the major attributor to'sweet-spot'*** Ⅱ is exclusively characterized by thick mudstone intervals(94.4%),interbedded with thin calcareous mudstones(5.5%),corresponding to a depositional environment of low-energy distal section of the outer ramp ***,the most favorable lithofacies in'sweet-spot'intervals develop numerous OM-/mineral nanopores for hydrocarbon ***-rich lithofacies develops abundant inter-particle pores from 2 to 17 nm that mainly contribute to pore volume for free gas storage ***-rich lithofacies with higher maturity have OM-pores with good connectivity,bearing large specific surface area that is beneficial for adsorbed gas capacity.

关键词： Shale Nanopore structure Pore characterization Lithofacies

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Micro-Nano Polymer Microspheres as a Plugging Agent in Oil-Based drilling Fluid

SSRN

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SSrN 2023年

作者： Zhao, Zhen Sun, Jinsheng Liu, Fan Cheng, rongchao Bai, Yingrui Wang, ren Wang, Jintang Geng, Yuan Jin, Yeliang Ma, Zhihu CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration &Development Beijing100083 China China Department of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing China

The wellbore instability of shale formations with micro fractures was mainly ascribed to drilling fluid invasion and pressure transmission during drilling using oil-based drilling fluids (OBdF). Nano-plugging agents or micro-plugging agents at present only match a narrow size range of nanopores or microcracks. Plugging agents with good suitability to multidimensional fractures used in OBdF are lacking. This paper synthesized micro-nano polymer microsphere dispersion (PMd) with a solid content of 30% through inverse emulsion polymerization. PMs had good wettability for water in the oil environment. The filtration of the emulsion with 4% PMd dropped the filtration through 0.1~3 μm filters to within 14 mL while the emulsion with 1% CaCO3 only plugged the filter with a pore size of 3 μm. Hydrophilic PMs with a wide size distribution have excellent suitability with multi-scale pores or cracks. PMs could reduce the filtration of OBdF after aging at 120 and 150℃ without significantly influencing their rheology and electrical stability. Based on darcy’s law, the HTHP mud cake permeability calculated decreased by half with the addition of PMd at 120 and 150℃. Moreover, the addition of PMd could decline the disc HTHP filtration by 100~50% when the disc diameter was 5~120 μm respectively. Compared with CaCO3, the PMd showed superior plugging performance and self-suitability when plugging 5~120 μm discs. Micro-nano PMs could interact with organic clays through hydrogen bonds to form thinner and denser mud cakes. They could also form hydrogen bonds with the formation surface. PMs could enter, aggregate and arrange tightly at multi-scale pores or cracks owing to their wide size distribution. In addition, they formed a dense plugging layer and prevent the filtration from invading the formation. The PMd with good compatibility, suitability and plugging performance has a promising application prospect in shale oil and gas exploration. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Emulsification

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A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight oil reservoir recovered with gas flooding

A rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency for tight o...

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SPE/AAPG/SEG Unconventional resources technology Conference 2020, UrTeC 2020

作者： Mu, Lingyu Liao, Xinwei Zhao, Xiaoliang Zhang, Jingtian Zou, Jiandong Chu, Hongyang Shang, Xiongtao Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

due to the special micro-pore structure and the seepage law of tight reservoirs, the research on the development of tight oil is quite different from conventional reservoirs. For the tight oil reservoirs recovered with the gas injection, the gas breakthrough is an eternal theme as a result of the preferable mobility of the gas and the strong heterogeneity of the reservoirs. It is extremely important to evaluate the sweep efficiency. Based on the stream-tube method and the non-darcy theory, this paper establishes a rapid evaluation technique of sweep efficiency considering the mechanism of the gas flooding and the seepage characteristics of the tight oil reservoir. Firstly, the relative permeability under different miscible condition are determined through the revised Coats model. Besides, the Todd-Longstaff model is adopted to describe the varying viscosities of oil and gas. Secondly, the stream-tube model of the inverted nine-spot well pattern with fracture is established. Next, the seepage equations of oil and gas in the stream-tube is constructed considering the threshold pressure and the variation of the viscosity and relative permeability. Then, the sweep efficiency is obtained by solving these equations. Furthermore, an application example for evaluating the sweep efficiency is presented and sensitivity analyses are conducted to study the effect of the viscosity, pressure difference, fracture permeability and well spacing taking the case of a real tight reservoir. Through the analyses, it can be concluded that the factors have remarkable impacts on the sweep efficiency. The threshold pressure increases the resistance and reduces the flow rate, leading to a lower sweep of the injected gas. Even worse, the excessive threshold pressure results in that the effective displacement cannot be established. The fracture greatly shortened the breakthrough time and result in early channeling of the injected gas. The sweep efficiency is improved through the increase of the

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