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2023 SPE Caspian Technical Conference and Exhibition, CTC 2023

作者： Jin, Fu Longlian, Cui Guobin, Yang Qi, Liu Chen, Chen CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Ltd China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025160

The oil and gas sector industry is actively embracing the integration of remotely monitored and controlled well completions. This technological advancement, commonly known as "intelligent completions," has experienced rapid progress in recent years, showcasing advantages such as heightened recovery rates and accelerated production. Notably, cost savings derived from reduced well interventions offer additional returns, particularly for wells characterized by multilateral configurations, subsea locations, or unmanned platform setups. The adoption of this technology continues to gain momentum due to the proven value demonstrated through field installations. The implementation of intelligent completions has become pervasive, with around 3000 systems deployed by the conclusion of 2022. With the rapid development of the economy and society, as well as the continuous deepening of oilfield development, the traditional on-site management model of oilfield personnel for oil-water wells has increased the labor costs for enterprises. In response to this, by means of a digital intelligent water injection monitoring system driven by Internet of Things (IoT), oilfield managers can monitor and control water injection equipment anytime and anywhere, realizing convenient management. The remote wireless intelligent water injection device mainly consists of an underground intelligent water distributor, a surface control unit, and a remote-control system, constituting a wireless visualized production control system. This system, through real-time monitoring of individual well water injection status and coordination with water injection and production data across the entire block, conducts big data analysis to effectively enhance reservoir development efficiency. The intelligent water distributor is equipped with pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and flow meters, enabling the monitoring of subsurface pressure, temperature, and related data. The surface control unit acts as the centr

关键词： Production control

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deep learning-Aided dull Grading Scheme for drill Bits

Deep learning-Aided Dull Grading Scheme for Drill Bits

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2024 International Petroleum technology Conference, IPTC 2024

作者： Sun, Jia Guo, Huijuan Wang, Baodong Zhang, Quanli Yang, Xiongwen Drilling Mechanical Department CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China CNPC United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025184

drill bit design plays a key role in drilling operations. A suitable choice of the drill bit parameters (such as the profile shape, the orientation, and the distribution of cutters, etc.) will significantly improve the durability and stability of the drilling process, increase the rate of penetration (rOP) and enhance the drilling efficiency. Traditional strategies of the drill bit design usually involve a trial-and-error process to adjust the parameters, which is usually time-consuming and contains an element of subjectivity. Alternatively, machine learning techniques provide powerful tools to make full use of the collected data, and analyze the relation between the design parameters and the performance of the drill bits on specified rock mechanics data. In the present work, we aim at building a machine learning-aided scheme to help design the parameters of the drill bits. A machine learning-aided scheme is proposed to perform the drill bit design. First, a dull grading system is established to evaluate the wear extent of the drill bits from images. The grading system includes a cutter localization model to separate the cutters from drill bit images, a reconstruction model to regenerate the 3d geometries of the cutters from several 2d images, a classifier to evaluate the wear extent of the cutters, and an aggregative algorithm to grade the worn drill bits. The grading system is then applied to build the data set of the worn drill bits. Finally, an individual deep learning model is adopted to learn the relation between the design parameters and the wear extent, and a sensitivity analysis is performed to optimize the design parameters. The research results showed that: (1) the proposed machine learning-aided scheme could produce instructive guides on the drill bit design, reduce the analysis cost and provide accurate prediction on the impact of the design parameters. (2) The 3d reconstruction algorithm could efficiently extract the geometry feature of the drill bits

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New Generation Fracturing Fluid with Superior Proppant Transport and Oil displacement Functionalities

New Generation Fracturing Fluid with Superior Proppant Trans...

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2024 International Petroleum technology Conference, IPTC 2024

作者： Lin, Genyao Huang, Jiangshui richardi, Bryant Yu, Stephanie Li, Jianshen Liu, Fuchen Lin, Lijun CNPC USA HoustonTX United States CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Ltd Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025184

Multifunctional fracturing fluid is desirable in the oil and gas industry as it can simplify hydraulic fracturing operations and reduce environmental impact. Traditional high-viscosity fluids, like borate crosslinked fluid, can effectively transport proppant to keep fractures open but can constrain fracture length and damage the proppant pack. Conversely, low-viscosity options like linear gels, can extend fracture length and facilitate secondary fractures, but have limited proppant carrying capabilities. recent efforts have attempted to combine fracturing fluid with surfactants to achieve both hydraulic fracturing and improved oil recovery. However, these efforts require multiple additives and still lack sufficient proppant transportation. This study introduces a new generation fracturing fluid combining superior proppant transport and oil displacement functionalities, formulated with a unique polymer containing chemically bonded oil displacement surfactant. The new fracturing fluid was evaluated using a range of tests, including static proppant suspension test, rheology test, coreflood, regained conductivity and oil displacement tests. The static proppant suspension test compared the new fracturing fluid with a linear gel. The fluid's rheological properties were measured using an advanced rheometer. The spontaneous imbibition Amott test was conducted to appraise the fluid's oil displacement properties. The coreflood and regained conductivity studies were conducted at 160°F to evaluate the fluid's formation and proppant pack damage. The new generation fracturing fluid excelled in all tests studied. In the static proppant suspension test, it suspended the 20-40 mesh ceramic proppant much longer than the traditional guar-based fluid. The rheology test revealed that the 0.3wt% fluid's storage modulus G' is higher than the loss modulus G" across the whole spectrum of frequency tested, signifying high elasticity of the fluid. The spontaneous imbibition test demonstrated

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Application of digital Twin for real-Time Early Identification and Warning of Pipe Stuck Using Hybrid Approach of Physics Model and Machine Learning

Application of Digital Twin for Real-Time Early Identificati...

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2023 Abu dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, AdIP 2023

作者： Zhang, Jiawei Huang, Hongchun Wang, Haige Wang, Qing Ji, Guodong Li, Hong CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025078

Pipe Stuck is one of the predominant causes for drilling-related non-productive time (NPT). According to statistics, losses up to hundreds of millions of dollars are caused by pipe stuck globally each year. Early identification and warning of pipe stuck are essential for predicting and avoiding stuck issue once preventive measures are taken promptly. Typical detecting methods based on data fluctuation amplitude or curve trends subject to expert user experience and human error. Moreover, pipe stuck usually have already happened in most cases when noticed by these methods. This paper presents an innovative system combing physics model with machine learning method, which enables automatically pipe stuck risk monitoring and warning while drilling. The new system combines these approaches: 1)real-time calculation of hook load, torque and standpipe pressure(SPP) for 9 different drilling states (rotary drilling, slide drilling, reaming, back-reaming, tripping in, tripping out and etc.) based on drill string mechanics and wellbore hydraulics model;2)The calculated parameters are checked and calibrated automatically within set computing cycle to narrow down calculation error;3) The deviation of actual parameters from theoretical modeled value and rate of change(rOC) of actual parameters are calculated and compared on time-series, based on which a pipe stuck risk index (PSrI) is proposed ranging from 0% to 100%;4) With different risk index ranges, pipe stuck risk level is monitored and evaluated as low (green), medium(yellow) and high(red) on real-time basis. For historical wells with and without pipe stuck issues under different drilling states, thresholds for deviation and rOC of parameters corresponding to different risk levels are obtained by random forest algorithm (rFA). The system is designed to provide users, driller or monitoring specialist a warning signal with prompt window jumping out and constant beep sound whenever a high-risk is identified. Once detected, preve

关键词： Infill drilling

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A Novel Kick detection Tool Based on Knowledge-data-dual-driven Approaches

A Novel Kick Detection Tool Based on Knowledge-Data-Dual-Dri...

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2023 SPE Offshore Europe Conference and Exhibition, OE 2023

作者： Shi, Xiaoyan Cui, Meng Ji, Yong Wu, dong Guo, Weihong Jing, Lingzhi Tian, Yumeng Yang, Xinyi CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613999936

recognizing abnormal fluid influx is the first and most important step for well control safety. However, due to the complexity of the wellbore fluid mechanism, uncertainty of the formation pressure and noises in the real-time measurement data, it is difficult to detect kicks by conventional approaches. The purpose of this paper is to propose a knowledge-data hybrid approach and build a reliable and easy-to-use tool to automatically detect kicks. Based on the knowledge of the kick main indicators, this work utilizes Long-Short moving window average algorithm combining advanced filtration technology to capture subtle change trends precisely and timely in noisy real-time measured surface data during drilling. Self-adaptive kick threshold value adopting approaches are proposed to improve the accuracy of kick detection for different data measuring technologies. The knowledge and inference logic of specific drilling operations and phenomena, such as wellbore ballooning effects and drilling fluid poring, are embedded in the data analysis technologies to reduce the false alarms of the kick detection system. A reliable and practical intelligent kick detection tool is built based on this knowledge-data-dual-driven method. The must-have input set of this tool only contains 8 channels, including pit volumes, outlet flowrate, stand pipe pressure, and etc, which makes the tool flexible and widely applicable. The tool consumes both real-time and archived drilling data, and provide audible and easy-to-understand visual alarms when kick is detected. Moreover, the tool supports different outlet flowrate measurement technologies, including Paddle meter, radar meter and Coriolis meter. Extensive testing process using historical data manifests that the kick detection rate is 100% (correctly detected 16 kicks out of total 16 kicks), and the overall detection time is 6.1 mins earlier comparing to that of conventional methods. The tool was also deployed in a real-time operation center for

关键词： Infill drilling

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Maximising drilling rates with real-Time data-driven drilling Parameters Optimisation

Maximising Drilling Rates with Real-Time Data-Driven Drillin...

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2023 International Petroleum technology Conference, IPTC 2023

作者： Cui, Meng Ai, Xin Li, Jijun Liu, Wenpeng ding, Yan CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited China CNPC Daqing Exploratory & Drilling Engineering Company China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613998663

The hardness and high abrasiveness of shale formations pose great challenges for improving drilling performance with deeper and more complex unconventional gas-reservoir formations explored and developed in the Sichuan Basin of China. The work discussed a workflow of data-driven drilling-parameter optimization based on machine learning. The algorithm was used to construct the correlation among drilling parameters, lithology change, vibration, bit wear, and hole cleaning, dynamically optimize rock-breaking efficiency, and integrate with the rig control system. The data-driven drilling optimization workflow consisted of exploration mode, learning mode, and application mode. The exploration phase trained a linear model at a certain frequency during data collection and updates the increasing trend of rate of penetration (rOP) in real time after starting the workflow. Based on the trend, the direction for further exploration was given. The system entered the learning mode after sufficient exploration to learn the exact functional relationship between rOP/MSE (mechanical specific energy) and operation parameters in the current explored data queue. Current optimal operation parameters were presented based on the function relationship. Then the workflow entered the application mode, maintained the current optimal operating parameters, and kept the efficient rock-breaking state. The workflow constantly monitored the micro-interval rOP and bit energy output in the application mode. When drilling performance was under expectation, the workflow automatically evaluated new conditions (e.g., formation change, Bottom hole assembly (BHA) vibration, and cuttings bed) and switched to the learning mode or exploration mode to adapt to changes in the current drilling state. The algorithm has been integrated with the rig control system, and the field test was carried out in well Ning 209H71-3, a shale-gas horizontal well in the Sichuan Basin. The test showed that the random forest and su

关键词： Lithology

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Preparation and characterization of supramolecular gel suitable for fractured formations

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2324-2342页

作者： Jing-Bin Yang Jin-Sheng Sun Ying-rui Bai Kai-He Lv Jian Li Mei-Chun Li Yue-Cheng Zhu School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongPR China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206PR China

The excellent mechanical properties of supramolecular gel could adapt to the complex reservoir environment and had broad application prospects in the field of oil and gas drilling and production *** this paper,a supramolecular gel based on hydrophobic association and hydrogen bonding was prepared by micellar copolymerization,which could be used to plug fractures and pores in *** gel was a gel network system with high performance characteristics formed by self-assembly of non-covalent bond *** rheological properties,mechanical mechanics,temperature resistance and swelling ability of supramolecular gel were *** results showed that the supramolecular gel had a dense three-dimensional network structure with open and interconnected pore structures,which could exhibit good rheological properties and strong viscoelastic recovery *** mechanical properties of the supramolecular gel were excellent,it had a tensile stress of 0.703 MPa and an elongation at break of 1803%.When the compressive strain was 96%,the compressive stress could reach 14.5 *** gel also showed good temperature resistance and swelling *** the aging temperature of 135℃,supramolecular gels still maintained good gel strength,and it only took 12 h to reach the equilibrium swelling ratio of 35.87 in 1%NaCl *** was also found that supramolecular gel in low concentration saline(1%NaCl solution)showed relatively faster swelling than high concentration saline(25%NaCl solution).The swelling process of the supramolecular gel was non-Fick diffusion(typeⅡ).This indicated that the organic/inorganic permeability network was well ***,the diffusion rate of small molecules could be guaranteed to be equal to the relaxation rate of large molecules before and after the phase transition *** addition to the diffusion of water molecules,the swelling process of the supramolecular gel was also affected by the relaxat

关键词： Supramolecular gel Non-covalent interaction rheological mechanics properties Swelling kinetics Plugging ability

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research on drilling data Exchanging technology Based on Landmark EdM 12th

Research on Drilling Data Exchanging Technology Based on Lan...

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12th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2022

作者： Xue, Hong-Zhi Wu, dong Lin, Wang Zhu, Wei-Xing Jiang, Yi-Jun CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819919635

As know Landmark Software Suite is widely used in engineering of oil industry. So, learning and using of its data is necessary for our researching. Engineer’s data Model (EdM) as its solution for data management plays a very important role in this software suite. EdM is consisted of two parts, data storage and data exchange. EdM use SQL Server as its storage media which makes data storage secure. data is stored in a bunch of well-organized data tables of SQL Server. EdM covers data storage of all applications. As we know, XML is mostly used technology in data exchanging. In order to sharing data between customers, EdM use a xml file to exchange data. We name this XML file as ***. In this paper we mainly talk about this data exchanging technology, as this xml file a direct reflection of EdM’s data structure. We can get the overview of the data storage, furthermore we can also learn much about the management of Survey, Geodetic, Coordinate reference System, Magnetic, Survey Tool etc. *** is organized as a node tree, so we will introduce *** from the tree root to leaf and traverse the primary leaf nodes in detail. After that we will make a well understanding of the principle of its data storage design and some basic aspect of well design. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： digital storage

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An Adaptative Well Trajectory Control Method for drilling Automation 57

An Adaptative Well Trajectory Control Method for Drilling Au...

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57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium

作者： Junlong, Chen Xueping, Tang Xinmiao, Teng Wenkai, Gao CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780979497582

It is necessary to take some activities to correct the well-trajectory when it deviated from the designed well-path for the complex structural wells. In order to reduce the deviation from the planned well-path, we proposed a path following algorithm by backstepping method. The relative distance between the bit and planned well-path was calculated by the true vertical depth (TVd). The first and second order differential equations of the offset were established as the control function. Lyapunov function was constructed not only to verify the global consistent asymptotic stability of the system but also form a build-up rate control method. When the deviation between the real drilling trajectory and the planned well-path has exceeded the allowable threshold value, the algorithm automatically calculates the relative distance and angle, analyses and send the optimal strategy to the steering tools. The results show that the above algorithm can quickly track the designed well-path and ensure to avoiding oscillation. This method can be used in the future downhole closed-loop system. © 2023 57th US rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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development of Underground Electro-motor development of a New downhole Electro-motor 12th

Development of Underground Electro-motor Development of a Ne...

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12th International Field Exploration and development Conference, IFEdC 2022

作者： Wang, Ai-Guo Han, Fei Wang, Hong-Wei Chen, Lang-Yi CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819919635

In recent years, some new downhole motors have emerged one after another, such as high-torque high-speed positive displacement motor, long-life turbine motor and downhole electro-motor, which provide supplemental driving forces to the petroleum drilling. different from conventional turbine motors and screw motors, the downhole electro-motor uses the electro-motor to directly drive the bit to break the rock, and it transmits power and information through the wireline drill pipe. With the feature of infinitely adjustable rotating speed, it can realize real-time optimization of parameters (e.g. rotating speed, WOB and flow rate). It is applicable to diverse circulation media including oil-based mud, waterbased mud, foam, air, and nitrogen. Moreover, it can realize high-capacity twoway communication at high speed, and be capable of measurement/monitoring while drilling. This paper presents the design, in-plant test and pilot well test of a new downhole electro-motor. This new downhole electro-motor was tested in 150 m drilling. Through the test, it is verified that the new downhole electromotor is capable of actual drilling, with the rotating speed and torque adjustable infinitely in real time, and the maximum communication rate of 156 kbps. The new downhole electro-motor is energy-saving and efficient, and provides a new technical platform for automatic and intelligent drilling. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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