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Energy Science 2025年第01期01卷

作者： Jinsheng Sun Wenbiao Li Bo Liao Kaihe Lv Jintang Wang Qi Wang Yiyao Li Jiaqi Xu Zhijun He Yang Bai School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 102206 P. R. China State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 P. R. China

With the development of the petroleum industry, offshore oil and gas exploration and development are gradually shifting from shallow sea areas to deep sea areas, and the requirements for completion fluid density are also developing from low to high to ultra-high or even extra high. However, as the formation temperature and pressure increase, new challenges and difficulties in controlling completion fluid performance are faced. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of high-performance completion fluid for deep water reservoirs, which is of great significance for ensuring the efficiency, safety and environmental protection of deep water completion operations. This paper starts from the existing problems and performance requirements of deep water high-density completion fluids, and provides a detailed introduction to the types and functions of additives required for completion fluids. It also systematically reviews and summarizes the different types of deep water high-density completion fluid systems that have emerged in recent years. High-density completion fluids face damage to the formation caused by solid phase completion fluids, while nonsolid phase completion fluids have problems such as high cost, strong corrosiveness and marine pollution. No completion fluids have been found that can simultaneously meet the multiple characteristics of high density, harmless reservoir, high-temperature resistance, environmental friendliness, nontoxicity and high economic benefits. To meet the performance requirements of deep water high-density completion fluids, the completion fluids will focus on improving adaptability in extreme environments, enhancing environmental performance and solving complex formation leakage problems. Through breakthroughs in key materials and technologies, innovation in environmentally friendly products, and the use of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other technologies to promote the development of intelligent complet

关键词： deep water reservoirs completion fluid high density no solid phase research progress

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Utilizing Managed Pressure drilling Technique to Prevent rock Failure and Maintain Wellbore Stability

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第6期861卷

作者： Xiao Cai Qingfeng Guo Hongwei Jiang CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Building 1 No 5 Huanghe Street Changping District Beijing 102206 China

rock failure is one of the major concerns of drilling operation, especially in the formation with narrow drilling window, which may lead to several technical issues and even endanger the operation safety, such as wellbore collapse, stuck pipe, formation breakdown, lost circulation, etc. A new technology is proposed in this paper to prevent rock failure and maintain wellbore stability through controlling the annular pressure profile. A new managed pressure drilling equipment named pressure control drilling system (PCdS) is developed which combines the constant bottom hole pressure technique and micro-flux control technique to quickly create overbalanced, near-balanced and underbalanced wellbore condition in the whole process of drilling operation. Based on the proposed MPd equipment, a novel technology is developed to maintain the annular pressure within the range of formation fracture pressure and formation collapse pressure, ensuring the formation rock to be neither shear failure nor tensile failure. Hydraulic calculation is performed before and during the drilling operation to predict the pressure profiles inside and outside the drill pipe, frictional pressure and equivalent circulating density, providing reference to the maintenance of wellbore stability. real-time monitoring of multiple parameters such as properties of drilling fluid, bottom hole pressure and circulating flow rate as well as logging data is conducted to detect any minor change of down hole circulating system, minimizing the potential of wellbore collapse and formation breakdown. The proposed technology has been applied in several onshore and offshore wells with a great success. Generally, a relatively low density of drilling fluid is used to cooperate the application of this new technology, due to its advantage of fast response to down hole conditions, minimizing the possibility of formation breakdown and formation damage as well as enhancing the rate of penetration. The easily collapsed formati

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Mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–MgO and Mg–Al₂O₃ composites fabricated by equal channel angular extrusion method

Smart Materials in Manufacturing

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Smart Materials in Manufacturing 2023年 1卷

作者： rahmani, Kaveh Nouri, Alireza Bakhtiari, Hamed Sadooghi, Ali Ghofrani, Alireza Nikolova, Maria P. Salmani, Farhad Department of Mechanical Engineering Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 65167-38695 Iran Basa Pars Sanat company R&D centre Takestan Qazvin 13919-55411 Iran Biomedical Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran 15916-34311 Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Enghelab-e Eslami Technical and Vocational University Tehran 14357-61137 Iran Department of Material Science and Technology University of Ruse Angel Kanchev Ruse 7017 Bulgaria Department of Mechanical Engineering Kar Higher Education Institute of Qazvin Qazvin 34318-49689 Iran

Equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) has shown great potential for the consolidation of powdered materials. In the present article, the mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–MgO and Mg–Al₂O₃ composites produced by the ECAE method were studied. Pure magnesium reinforced with 0, 10, 20, and 30 vol percentages of MgO and Al₂O₃ particles were hot consolidated at 600 MPa in an ECAE die without prior cold compaction or canning of the powders. results indicated that the reinforcement content is directly proportional to the hardness, compressive strength, and corrosion resistance of the fabricated composites, while it has an inverse relationship with the relative density. The lowest relative density and the highest corrosion rate were obtained for the Mg+30%MgO composite samples, as opposed to the pure magnesium with the highest relative density and the lowest corrosion rate. Besides, composites reinforced with 30 and 20 vol percentages of alumina revealed the highest hardness and the highest compressive strength, which were 55% and 74% higher than that of the pure magnesium sample, respectively. Based on SEM and EdX analyses, it was shown that Mg–Al₂O₃ samples had finer grain sizes compared to Mg–MgO composites. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Compressive strength Corrosion rate ECAE Magnesium Metal matrix composite

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Fully-Coupled Multi-Physical Simulation with Physics-Based Nonlinearity-Elimination Preconditioned Inexact Newton Method for Enhanced Oil recovery

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Communications in Computational Physics 2019年第1期25卷 244-265页

作者： Huiying Tang Shihao Wang Congbin Yin Yuan di Yu-Shu Wu Yonghong Wang State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengduP.R.China Petroleum Engineering Department Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Chuanqing Downhold Service ChengduP.R.China Department of Energy and Resources Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited HoustonTexas 77042USA

In this paper,we introduce a physics-based nonlinear preconditioned Inexact Newton Method(INB)for the multiphysical simulation of fractured *** of solving the partial differential equations(PdE)exactly,Inexact Newton method finds a direction for the iteration and solves the equations inexactly with fewer ***,when the equations are not smooth enough,especially when lo-cal discontinuities exits,and when proper preconditioning operations are not adopted,the Inexact Newton method may be slow or even *** pointed out by Keyes et al.[1],multi-physical numerical simulation faces several challenges,one of which is the local-scale nonlinearity and *** this work,we have proposed and studied a nonlinear preconditioner to improve the performance of Inexact Newton *** nonlinear preconditioner is essentially a physics-based strategy to adaptively identify and eliminate the highly nonlinear *** proposed algorithm has been implemented into our fully coupled,fully implicit THM reservoir simulator(Wang et al.[2,3])to study the effects of cold water injection on fractured petroleum *** results of this work show that after the implementation of this nonlinear preconditioner,the iterative solver has become significantly more robust and efficient.

关键词： Physics-based nonlinearity-elimination Inexact Newton method thermal-hydraulic-mechanical simulation restricted additive Schwarz approach parallel reservoir simulation

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Numerical simulation on hydro-mechanical coupling during gas transport in shale 53

Numerical simulation on hydro-mechanical coupling during gas...

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53rd U.S. rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium

作者： Wei, ShiMing Jin, Yan Huang, Zhao Xia, Yang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company Limited Beijing China

In view of the complicated flow mechanism of shale gas flow, multi-scale media and multiple pressure systems of organic matter/inorganic matrix pores/natural fractures and discrete hydraulic fractures are established to accurately describe the gas flow in shale reservoir. The mathematic model considers mechanisms of non-equilibrium desorption of the adsorbed gas, the viscous flow and Knudsen diffusion of the free gas, and the influence of inorganic matrix pores, natural fractures and hydraulic fractures pressure system on shale deformation. A fully coupled solid-fluid coupling model is established, and it is solved with finite element method. It is found from the results that the pressure drop in natural fractures and matrix pores is the main influence factor that causes stress sensitivity during production, and natural fractures play a more important role. With the increase of stimulated reservoir volume, the stress sensitivity is more significant, especially in the early production stage. The proposed fully coupled solid-fluid model of shale gas flow have the ability to study the influence of solid deformation on different pore pressure systems, which consider the non-linear flow mechanisms. The model is also of great value for predicting the shale gas production more accurate. Copyright 2019 ArMA, American rock Mechanics Association.

关键词： Flow of gases

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Analytical Solutions of leakage through the caprock in carbon sequestration in a closed boundary aquifer system

Analytical Solutions of leakage through the caprock in carbo...

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Carbon Management technology Conference 2019, CMTC 2019

作者： Mu, Lingyu Liao, Xinwei Zhang, Jingtian Liu, Guoguang Jiang, Chenshuo Zou, Jiandong Li, rongtao Beijing China CNPC Engineering Technology R and D Company Limited Beijing China PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an China College of Textile Clothing of Xinjiang University Urumqi China

ISBN: (纸本)9781613997246

deep saline aquifer is deemed as an effective and promising site for carbon sequestration. A geological storage site must be operated safely;however, CO2 may leak through several pathways, such as fractures, faults and/or improperly plugged wells. This study presents a new analytical model predicting the pressure change in the monitoring well and the leakage rate, caused by an inclined fracture in the caprock, to detect and evaluate the leakage. distinct with previous analytical method, herein we propose a new case of the leakage through the inclined fracture in a closed aquifer system, which expands on earlier work to a wider *** solutions for the injection at a constant rate and the time-dependent leakage through an inclined fracture of caprock are derived with Laplace transform, Fourier cosine transform and duhamel's principle. Then, by meas of the superposition method, the pressure change and the leakage rate with both of the two processes are determined in succession. Based on the above solutions, we discuss the effect of the leakage path and the boundary of the aquifer on the system. At the early stage, the leakage rate increases more rapidly with the smaller radius of the aquifer. Moreover, in the smaller aquifer, the rapid pressure transient results in that the system quickly reach the stable stage. The effect of the inclined fracture on the sytem is embodied in its permeability, location and angle. With higher permeability the leakage rate increases more quickly at early stage and reaches the constant value more quickly at late-time stable stage. The fracture has slight impact on the leakage in the long term. Location of fracture does not affect the leakage rate at rapid increase stage. Leakage rate is larger and increases with smaller distance at transitional stage. With the increase of angle, leakage rate increases at all three stages. At the late-time stage, the larger the angle is, the larger the leakage rate is. © 2019 Carbon Management Tec

关键词： Laplace transforms

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development of the International Standard for Industrial Facility Energy Management Systems (FEMS), IEC 63376

Development of the International Standard for Industrial Fac...

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： Tomoyuki Ikeyama Kazuo Sueyoshi Michihisa Suzuki Sei Sasaki Tetsuro Matsui Takuya Watanabe Ken'ichi Kamada Lee Peoy Ying Yoshiharu Amano JEITA Control and Energy Management Committee -WG1 Energy Management Technology Marketing Division Marketing Headquarters Yokogawa Electric Corporation Tokyo Japan Advanced Automation Company Azbil Corporation Tokyo Japan Global Business Division Ebara Densan Ltd. Tokyo Japan Digital Innovation Laboratory Corporate R&D Headquarters Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan Innovation Center Marketing Headquarters Yokogawa Electric Corporation Tokyo Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9784907764838

ISBN: (纸本)9798331544461

Improving energy efficiency and reducing fossil energy-based operations are required to mitigate global warming. Industrial fields consume large amount of energy and are expected to play significant roles in the measures to mitigate global warming. Several industrial facilities are operated intricately in their production activities. Multiple products are manufactured concurrently to adhere to their quality, product cost, and due date. Their energy consumptions affect each other. Therefore, industrial facility energy management system (FEMS) is required and sold by many suppliers. Because energy consumption of plants are depended on their products, FEMS are constructed to meet their specific requirements; thus, it is difficult to develop international standard for FEMS. recently, use cases with energy interchange between multiple plants are increasing; thus, common understanding of energy management process with FEMS and information exchange between the factories are needed. So, Japan Electronics and Information technology Industries Association led a development project and suggested an FEMS international standard. In this paper, development international standard process including clarification of background and current issues; additionally, a consensus in IEC discussion and outline of the published standard are described.

关键词： Energy consumption Industrial facilities Global warming Iron Finite element analysis IEC Standards Energy management systems Information technology Standards Information exchange

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Imperfect loading in rock compression tests 5

Imperfect loading in rock compression tests

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5th ISrM Young Scholars' Symposium on rock Mechanics and International Symposium on rock engineering for Innovative Future, YSrM 2019

作者： Jiang, Zhenxin dong, Jingnan dang, Wenhui Chen, Mian Zaman, Musharraf Lu, Yunhu Shentu, Junjie Ju, Pengfei Qiao, Lei Institute of Engineering and Technology Xinjiang Oilfield Company Xinjiang834000 China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206 China Beijing102249 China College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering University of Oklahoma NormanOK73019 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9784907430047

Stress-strain curve of brittle rock has been well studied in the past fifty years. researches have been focused on the imperfect loading induced by loading machine and the imperfectly machined rock specimen. In this study, uniaxial tests of brittle shale from Longmaxi Formation were conducted. Nonuniform loading induced by flatly seated upper loading platen was analyzed by comparing the data from two linear variable differential transformers. Particle flow code 2d was used to simulate the bedding down region of stress-strain curve and the distortion of loading platen. A new explanation about bedding down region of stress-strain curve was proposed. Conclusion shows that: (1) The simulation results indicated that the distortion of load train leaded to a non-uniform loading that was not ignorable. (2) Both experiments and simulation results showed that besides the compression of the pores inside the rock, the ‘bedding down’ region in stress-strain curve could also be induced by the contacting process between the upper loading platen and the imperfectly machined rock specimen. The study provides a better understanding on the uniaxial/tri-axial tests of brittle geo-materials. © 2019 Japanese Society for rock Mechanics,

关键词： rock mechanics

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research and application of supramolecular gel plugging agent in abnormal pressure reservoir

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期2045卷

作者： B Baletabieke Y X Gu T Zhou d X duan J T Liu X J Kong F Qian W J Li Z Zhong Y Xiang N Jing J Y Li CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing 102206 China China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation Beijing 100034 China

The Aktobe project is the largest oil and gas producing area of PetroChina in Central Asia. However, after years of exploitation, the pressure of the reservoir has dropped, making it difficult to increase the production of a single well. Both the Kenkyak block and North Troyes block of the project have induced fractured leakage, and frequent leakage affects safe and efficient drilling and completion operations and production. Therefore, the research on leakage prevention and control technology is very necessary. This article focuses on the characteristics of the cracks in the high-pressure area of the Kenkyak block and the cracks in the low-pressure area of the North Troyes block. Aiming at the fracture characteristics of the high-pressure zone in the Kenkyak block and the low-pressure zone in North Troyes block, and taking advantage of the synergistic effect of supramolecules, a supramolecular plugging-while-drilling agent was developed based on the deformable fiber composite gel. It forms a strong adhesion plugging layer on the inner wall of the leakage channel through the strong adhesion force, and it achieves a good plugging effect. The 300-500md sand disc bearing pressure could reach 700psi when adding 3% agent, and the bearing pressure of 3-5d permeability sand disc could reach above 450psi. A supramolecular static plugging agent was also developed based on the dilatant gel. It is rich in strong shear reversible gel with supramolecular structure, which guarantees its pumpability and plugging performance. The effective rate of one-time plugging is over 80%, and the viscosity is greatly reduced after the gel is broken for 72hr, which benefits the reservoir protection.

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research on the Effect of Uneven Proppant Settlement on Well Productivity in Stimulated reservoir

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第3期651卷

作者： Tengfei Hou Changkun Cheng Yan Qiao Youyu Wan Tingsong Xiong Shiduo Liu Yang Zhang Yu Ye Bin Guo Guoqing Wang Guiqi Xie Youming Liu CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing P. R. China Drilling and Production Technology Research Institute PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company China The Exploration Enterprise Department of Qinghai Oilfield Company China

The characteristics of proppant tarnsportation, settlement and distribution in fractures are of great significance to the effectiveness of complex fractures, as well to investigate the shale reservoir stimulation volume and productivity evaluation. This paper studies the effect of the uneven distribution of proppant sand banks on well productivity. A numerical model that comprehensively considers adsorption, desorption and stress sensitivity, and characterizes different settlement degree of proppant sand banks is established. The pressure distribution and productivity characteristics of fractured reservoir considering proppant non-uniform distribution are studied, by comparative analysis of different sand bank shapes, main fracture conductivity, reservoir matrix permeability and other sensitivity parameters. Meanwhile, the main controlling factor that affects the productivity of horizontal wells after the formation of sand banks are obtained. The results show that the proppant settlement greatly reduces the productivity. The effect of fracture conductivity on well production could ignore when the fracture conductivity is more than 4 μm2·cm in specific fractured reservoir. It is recommended to use small particle size proppant (100 mesh) to propped natural fractures or induce fractures. The higher the matrix permeability, the greater the impact of proppant settlement on well productivity. Beisdes, the measurement to prevent proppant settlement should be taken in high permeability zones. Considering the influence of proppant uneven settlement in complex fractures is of great significance for evaluating well productivity and guiding on-site fracturing operations.

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