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Individual-based simulation of sexual selection: A quantitative genetic approach

Procedia computer science 2010年第1期1卷 2003-2011页

作者： D. van Dijk P.M.A. Sloot J.C. Tay M.C. Schut Computational Science University of Amsterdam Sciencepark 107 1098 XG Amsterdam The Netherlands Evolutionary and Complex Systems Program School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Artificial Intelligence Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands

Sexual selection has been mathematically modeled using quantitative genetics as well as population genetics. Two-locus simulation models have been used to study the evolution of male display and female preference. We present an individual-based simulation model of sexual selection in a quantitative genetic context. We show that under certain conditions Fisherian self-reinforcing sexual selection takes effect, predicted by Lande’s analytic model of female choice. We also show that the dynamics involved in the co-evolution of male display and female preference is much more complex than mathematics would predict. We therefore argue that the study of sexual selection through individual-based simulation could give new and more realistic insight into a world dominated by overly simplified equations.

关键词： Sexual selection Individual-based modeling Agent-based modeling

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An agent-based architecture for knowledge management in context-aware business processes

An agent-based architecture for knowledge management in cont...

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International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design

作者： Leonardo A. de C. Gatti Flávia Maria Santoro Vanessa T. Nunes NP2TEC - Research and Practice Group in Information Technology UNIRIO Rio de Janeiro Brazil NP2TEC-Research and Practice Group in Information Technology Department of Applied Informatics UNIRIO Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil COPPE - Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The main knowledge management challenges are to capture, store and reuse contextual knowledge generated during interactions that occur daily in an organization. In this paper, we propose an activity context-aware architecture to support knowledge management in working processes. The required features for this architecture are processing, reasoning and sharing contextual knowledge involving information about activities performed. We also present results from evaluation of our proposal — A-CoBrA — for a specific domain.

关键词： Knowledge management computer architecture Context modeling Collaborative work Proposals Information technology Informatics Service oriented architecture Ontologies Knowledge engineering

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Accelerating the Shuffled Frog Leaping algorithm by parallel implementations in FPGAs

Accelerating the Shuffled Frog Leaping algorithm by parallel...

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International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications, BICTA

作者： Daniel M. Muñoz Carlos H. Llanos Leandro dos S. Coelho Mauricio Ayala-Rincón Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasilia D.F Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba Parana Brazil Department of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Brasilia Brasilia D.F Brazil

Meta-heuristics are efficient techniques for solving large scale optimization problems in which traditional mathematical techniques are impractical or provide suboptimal solutions. The Shuffled Frog Leaping algorithm (SFLA) is a stochastic iterative method, bio-inspired on the memetic evolution of a group of frogs when seeking for food, which combines the social behavior-based of the particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) and the global information exchange of memetic algorithms. However, the SFLA algorithm suffers on large execution times, being this problem clearly evident when solving complex optimization problems for embedded applications. This drawback can be overcome by exploiting the parallel capabilities of the SFLA. This paper proposes a hardware parallel implementation of the SFLA algorithm (HPSFLA) using FPGAs (Field programmable gate Arrays) and the efficient floating-point arithmetic. The proposed architecture allows the SFLA to improve the functionality of the algorithm as well as to decrease the execution times by implementing parallel frogs and parallel memeplexes. Three well-known benchmark problems have been used to validate the implemented algorithm and simulation results demonstrate that the HPSFLA speeds-up by factors of 362, 727 and 211 a C-code implementation using an embedded microprocessor for the Sphere, Rastrigin and Rosenbrock benchmarks problems, respectively. Synthesis, simulation and execution time results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HPSFLA architecture for embedded optimization systems.

关键词： Mathematics Field programmable gate arrays Table lookup

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SpMT WaveCache: Exploiting thread-level parallelism in WaveScalar

SpMT WaveCache: Exploiting thread-level parallelism in WaveS...

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2009 WRI World Congress on computer science and Information engineering, CSIE 2009

作者： Pei, Songwen Wu, Baifeng Du, Min Chen, Gang Marzulo, Leandro A. J. Franca, Felipe M. G. School of Computer Science Fudan University 200433 Shanghai China Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program COPPE Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769535074

Speculative Multithreading (SpMT) increases the performance by means of executing multiple threads speculatively to exploit thread-level parallelism. By combining software and hardware approaches, we have improved the capabilities of previous WaveScalar ISA on the basis of Transactional Memory system for the WaveCache Architecture. Threads are extracted at the course of static compiling, and speculatively executed as a thread-level transaction that is supported by extra hardware components, such as Thread-Context-Table (TCT) and Thread-Memory-History (TMH). We have evaluated the SpMT WaveCache with 6 real benchmarks from SPEC, Mediabench and Mibench. On the whole, the SpMT WaveCache outperforms superscalar architecture ranging from 2X to 3X, and great performance gains are achieved over original WaveCache and Transactional WaveCache as well. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Memory architecture

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Improving a web usability inspection technique using qualitative and quantitative data from an observational study

Improving a web usability inspection technique using qualita...

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SBES 2009 - 23rd Brazilian Symposium on Software engineering

作者： Conte, Tayana Vaz, Verônica Massolar, Jobson Mendes, Emilia Travassos, Guilherme Horta Manaus Brazil Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program COPPE UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Computer Science Department University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538440

We have proposed a checklist-based usability inspection technique (WDP - Web Design Perspectives-Based Usability Evaluation) specific for Web applications' usability evaluation and we are following an experimentation-based methodology to support its development and improvement. This paper describes an observational study conducted, aimed at eliciting how inspectors apply the WDP technique. We discuss the quantitative and qualitative results of the result and their impact on improving the WDP technique. We analyzed the qualitative data using the procedures from the Grounded Theory (GT) method. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Inspection

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Action research use in software engineering: An initial survey 09

Action research use in software engineering: An initial surv...

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2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software engineering and Measurement, ESEM 2009

作者： Dos Santos, Paulo Sérgio Medeiros Travassos, Guilherme Horta Systems Engineering and Computer Science Department PESC/COPPE UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448418

This paper presents a literature survey of action research (AR) studies published in nine major Software engineering (SE) journals and three conference proceedings in the period 1993 to June 2009. A strict selection based on distinguishing SE from Information systems research has identified 16 papers. Although they represent a very small fraction of the studies being conducted in SE, such papers concern with different SE contexts allowing to get information about the increasing tendency in the AR use in software engineering. However, as shown by the initial results, SE researchers should invest more on rigor when defining, applying and reporting AR studies in SE. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Software engineering

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Porantim: An approach to support the combination and selection of model-based testing techniques

Porantim: An approach to support the combination and selecti...

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2009 ICSE Workshop on Automation of Software Test, AST 2009

作者： Neto, Arilo Claudio Dias Travassos, Guilherme Horta Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program COPPE/UFRJ P.O. Box 68511 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424437436

The technical literature regarding Model-based Testing (MBT) has several techniques with different characteristics and goals available to be applied in software projects. Besides the lack of information regarding these techniques, they could be applied together in a software project aiming at improving the testing coverage. However, this decision needs to be carefully analyzed to avoid loss of resources in a software project. Based on this scenario, this paper proposes an approach with the purpose of supporting the unique or combined selection of MBT techniques for a given software project considering two aspects: the adequacy level between MBT techniques and the software project characteristics and impact of more than one MBT technique in some testing process variables. At the end, preliminary results of an experimental evaluation are presented.

关键词： Model checking

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Using modal logics to express and check global graph properties

Using modal logics to express and check global graph propert...

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作者： Benevides, Mario R.F. Schechter, L. Menasché Computer Science Department Systems and Computer Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Systems and Computer Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Graphs are among the most frequently used structures in computer science. Some of the properties that must be checked in many applications are connectivity, acyclicity and the Eulerian and Hamiltonian properties. In this work, we analyze how we can express these four properties with modal logics. This involves two issues: whether each of the modal languages under consideration has enough expressive power to describe these properties and how complex (computationally) it is to use these logics to actually test whether a given graph has some desired property. First, we show that these properties are not definable in a basic modal logic or in any bisimulation-invariant extension of it, like the modal μ-calculus. We then show that it is possible to express some of the above properties in a basic hybrid logic. Unfortunately, the Hamiltonian and Eulerian properties still cannot be efficiently checked. In a second attempt, we propose an extension of CTL* with nominals and show that the Hamiltonian property can be more efficiently checked in this logic than in the previous one. In a third attempt, we extend the basic hybrid logic with the ↓ operator and show that we can check the Hamiltonian property with optimal (NP) complexity in this logic. Finally, we tackle the Eulerian property in two different ways. First, we develop a generic method to express edge-related properties in hybrid logics and use it to express the Eulerian property. Second, we express a necessary and sufficient condition for the Eulerian property to hold using a graded modal logic. © The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Model checking

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SpMT WaveCache: Exploiting Thread-Level Parallelism in WaveScalar

SpMT WaveCache: Exploiting Thread-Level Parallelism in WaveS...

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computer science and Information engineering, CSIE, WRI World Congress on FLAGGED

作者： Songwen Pei Baifeng Wu Min Du Gang Chen Leandro A.J. Marzulo Felipe M.G. Franca School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program COPPE Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Speculative multithreading (SpMT) increases the performance by means of executing multiple threads speculatively to exploit thread-level parallelism. By combining software and hardware approaches, we have improved the capabilities of previous WaveScalar ISA on the basis of transactional memory system for the WaveCache Architecture. Threads are extracted at the course of static compiling, and speculatively executed as a thread-level transaction that is supported by extra hardware components, such as thread-context-table (TCT) and thread-memory-history (TMH). We have evaluated the SpMT WaveCache with 6 real benchmarks from SPEC, Mediabench and Mibench. On the whole, the SpMT WaveCache outperforms superscalar architecture ranging from 2times to 3times, and great performance gains are achieved over original WaveCache and transactional WaveCache as well.

关键词： Yarn Parallel processing Multithreading Hardware computer science computer architecture Instruction sets Out of order program processors Protocols

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Porantim: An approach to support the combination and selection of Model-based Testing techniques

Porantim: An approach to support the combination and selecti...

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International Workshop on Automation of Software Test (AST)

作者： Arilo Claudio Dias Neto Guilherme Horta Travassos Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program-COPPE/UFRJ Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The technical literature regarding model-based testing (MBT) has several techniques with different characteristics and goals available to be applied in software projects. Besides the lack of information regarding these techniques, they could be applied together in a software project aiming at improving the testing coverage. However, this decision needs to be carefully analyzed to avoid loss of resources in a software project. Based on this scenario, this paper proposes an approach with the purpose of supporting the unique or combined selection of MBT techniques for a given software project considering two aspects: the adequacy level between MBT techniques and the software project characteristics and impact of more than one MBT technique in some testing process variables. At the end, preliminary results of an experimental evaluation are presented.

关键词： Software testing Automatic testing Software tools System testing Software quality programming Software systems Costs Context modeling systems engineering and theory

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