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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： M.R. Morelande N.J. Gordon CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing The University of Melbourne Australia Tracking and Sensor Fusion Group DSTO Australia

Allowing for perturbations in speed and turn rate, the state of a target moving in a coordinated turn obeys a nonlinear stochastic differential equation which cannot be discretised exactly. Existing algorithms for coordinated turn tracking avoid this problem by ignoring perturbations in the continuous-time model and adding process noise only after discretisation. We retain this modelling by discretising using first and second order Taylor approximations to the continuous-time coordinated turn dynamic model. The discrete-time models are used as the basis for a particle filter for tracking a target moving in a coordinated turn. The performances of the discretisation techniques and the effect of different coordinate systems on tracking performance are examined.

关键词： Target tracking Nonlinear equations Particle filters Stochastic processes Difference equations sensor fusion Aircraft Filtering Convergence Cyclic redundancy check

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On the equivalence of the Extended Kalman smoother and the Expectation Maximization algorithm

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1999年第2期32卷 3914-3919页

作者： Leigh A. Johnston Vikram Krishnamurthy CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing (CSSIP) Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia

The Iterated Extended Kalman smoother (IEKS) and one iteration of the Expectation-Maximization (EM)-based Space Alternating Generalized EM (SAGE) algorithm are shown to be locally equivalent for the large class of differentiable, non-linear signal models. We formulate the IEKS as a maximum a posteriori (MAP) state sequence estimator, derived under EM formalism. Furthermore, multiple iterations of the IEKS are shown to produce state sequence estimates that locally converge to a local MAP estimate. The Extended Kalman filter (EKF) can therefore be thought of as a heuristic, online version of the SAGE algorithm.

关键词： Iterative methods Extended Kalman filters Linearisation

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A multitarget tracking algorithm based on random sets

A multitarget tracking algorithm based on random sets

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International Conference on information Fusion

作者： M.R. Morelande S. Challa CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

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Bounds for aircraft tracking using a hydrophone array with unknown source frequency

Bounds for aircraft tracking using a hydrophone array with u...

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Intelligent sensors, sensor Networks and information processing Conference (ISSNIP)

作者： Feng Rice D.A. Gray CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Adelaide Australia

The paper derives Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for airborne acoustic source tracking estimates using an array of hydrophones. The paper considers both bearing and Doppler frequency measurements in a two layer (air-sea) acoustic environment with unknown source frequency. Comparison of the CRLBs for known/unknown source frequencies is given; the CRLB for the known source frequency is lower than that for an unknown source frequency. The extended Kalman filter has been simulated and the results verified the new CRLB.

关键词： Aircraft Sonar equipment sensor arrays Acoustic arrays Frequency estimation Acoustic sensors Frequency measurement Target tracking Aerospace electronics signal processing

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Bounds on joint phase and frequency estimation for pilot-assisted PSK/QAM modulation

Bounds on joint phase and frequency estimation for pilot-ass...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Feng Rice CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Adelaide Australia

This paper derives the true Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLB) on the individual phase estimation and the coupled carrier phase and frequency estimation for transmission bursts with pilot-assisted PSK/QAM modulation. The reduction in frequency and phase CRLB due to introduction of embedded reference symbols increases as the modulation order increases. It is found that the better CRLB may be obtained if the reference symbols are distributed symmetrically in the burst, especially using a preamble and postamble. At low SNR, 5% pilot symbols in the burst reduces the bound on the phase standard deviation by a factor of 10 for QPSK or higher order modulated signals. The new CRLB for distributed pilot symbols are also presented. The comparison of the true CRLB and the CRLB of the pilot symbols has revealed that using only pilot symbols for estimation is an effective approach only if more than 5% of pilot symbols are in the burst and SNR /spl les/ 0 dB.

关键词： Frequency estimation Phase shift keying Quadrature amplitude modulation Phase modulation Frequency synchronization Phase estimation Couplings Time division multiple access Cyclic redundancy check signal processing

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Target motion analysis via efficient acoustic matched processing

Target motion analysis via efficient acoustic matched proces...

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Intelligent sensors, sensor Networks and information processing Conference (ISSNIP)

作者： S.J. Searle CRC for Sensor Signal Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Adelaide Australia

In recent years matched processing techniques have emerged as a solution for the problem of target motion analysis. A target's motion parameters are estimated by determining which of a bank of replica signals best correlates with the signal received from that target. However matched processing is notoriously computationally demanding, requiring evaluation of complex equations for replica generation, and batch processing via an exhaustive search of a multidimensional parameter space. This study presents a matched processing method for localisation of a moving acoustic source by matching Fourier coefficients from a single frequency bin. A simple range-dependent propagation model is assumed, and the Doppler effect is carefully modelled to produce realistic replicas. An efficient matching algorithm is presented which computes cost values in a recursive fashion, and does not fully evaluate poorly scoring replicas. A simulated example demonstrates the ability of the technique at extremely low SNR with a fraction of the cost associated with exhaustive search batch processing.

关键词： Motion analysis Costs Motion estimation Parameter estimation Equations Multidimensional systems Frequency Acoustic propagation Doppler effect Computational modeling

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Performance analysis of a track before detect dynamic programming algorithm

Performance analysis of a track before detect dynamic progra...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： L.A. Johnston V. Krishnamurthy CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing(CSSIP) Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing (CSSIP) Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia

"track-before-detect" (TBD) is a target tracking technique where the data is processed over a number of frames before decisions on target existence are made. The aim of this paper is to use extreme value theory to analyse the performance of a dynamic programming based TBD algorithms. Asymptotic expressions are obtained for the false alarm and track detection probabilities using extremal analysis of limiting distributions. Apart from fitting the simulated results far more accurately than previous works in the TBD literature, our analysis does not require the unrealistic assumptions of independence and Gaussianity.

关键词： Performance analysis Dynamic programming Heuristic algorithms Target tracking Trajectory Hidden Markov models Gaussian processes Optical filters Algorithm design and analysis Random variables

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Low elevation sea-surface target tracking using IPDA type filters

Low elevation sea-surface target tracking using IPDA type fi...

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IEEE International Conference on Radar

作者： Xuezhi Wang D. Musicki CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne VIC Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0780378709

The integrated probabilistic data association (IPDA) type filters provide estimates of the underlying target probability of existence/perceivability/visibility, apart from track state maintenance. These quantities are conveniently used as a track quality measure and can be used for track confirmation and termination. The sea-surface induced multipath fading reduces the detection probability of the target at certain ranges, which can lead to track loss. In this paper, we use IPDA type filters for tracking a target in such a scenario. The primary results presented in this paper are encouraging for a further study in the future.

关键词： Target tracking Personal digital assistants Radar tracking Fading Sea measurements information filtering information filters Cyclic redundancy check signal processing information processing

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Evaluation of IPDA type filters with a low elevation sea-surface target tracking

Evaluation of IPDA type filters with a low elevation sea-sur...

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International Conference on information Fusion

作者： Xuezhi Wang D. Musicki CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne VIC Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0972184457

The Integrated Probabilistic Data Association (IPDA) type filters provide estimates of the underlying target probability of existence /perceivability/visibility as well as track state maintenance. These quantities are conveniently used as track quality measures and can be used for track confirmation and termination. In this work five filters of this type are investigated and evaluated in a low elevation sea-surface target tracking scenario. The sea-surface induced multipath fading reduces the detection probability of the target at certain ranges which can lead to track loss. In this paper we evaluate the IPDA type filters in such scenario.

关键词： Filters Target tracking Personal digital assistants Fading Probability Cyclic redundancy check signal processing information processing Statistics State estimation

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Maximum Likelihood Frequency Estimation of Periodic signals with Slowly Time-Varying Amplitude and Phase

Maximum Likelihood Frequency Estimation of Periodic Signals ...

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International Symposium on signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： A. Logothetis S.K. Saleem CRC for Sensor Signal and Information Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia

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