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Landscape analysis of environmental data sources for linkage with SEER cancer patients database

Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2024年第65期2024卷 132-144页

作者： Tatalovich, Zaria Chtourou, Amina Zhu, Li Dellavalle, Curt Hanson, Heidi A. Henry, Kevin A. Penberthy, Lynne Surveillance Research Program Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute Rockville MD United States Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory US Department of Energy Oakridge TN United States Temple University Philadelphia PA United States Cancer Prevention and Control Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA United States

One of the challenges associated with understanding environmental impacts on cancer risk and outcomes is estimating potential exposures of individuals diagnosed with cancer to adverse environmental conditions over the life course. Historically, this has been partly due to the lack of reliable measures of cancer patients' potential environmental exposures before a cancer diagnosis. The emerging sources of cancer-related spatiotemporal environmental data and residential history information, coupled with novel technologies for data extraction and linkage, present an opportunity to integrate these data into the existing cancer surveillance data infrastructure, thereby facilitating more comprehensive assessment of cancer risk and outcomes. In this paper, we performed a landscape analysis of the available environmental data sources that could be linked to historical residential address information of cancer patients' records collected by the National cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. The objective is to enable researchers to use these data to assess potential exposures at the time of cancer initiation through the time of diagnosis and even after diagnosis. The paper addresses the challenges associated with data collection and completeness at various spatial and temporal scales, as well as opportunities and directions for future research. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

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Comprehensive Analysis of cancer Incidence and Mortality Trends in Costa Rica: Implications for Public Health

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Journal of cancer Therapy 2024年第5期15卷 219-221页

作者： Guzman Percy Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program (CPFP) Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) National Cancer Institute (NCI) Rockville Maryland United States Health Assessment Research Branch (HARB) Health Delivery Research Program (HDRP) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Rockville Maryland United States

This commentary delves into the evolving landscape of cancer incidence and mortality in Costa Rica, presenting a comprehensive analysis of the data. Key findings reveal a concerning upward trajectory in cancer incidence rates, placing Costa Rica at the forefront within Central America. While prostate cancer and breast cancer dominate, disparities emerge when scrutinizing gender-specific trends. Notably, stomach and cervical cancers show declines, potentially attributed to targeted interventions. However, colorectal and liver cancers witness mortality increases, necessitating strategic responses. Geographical disparities persist across provinces, highlighting the need for equitable healthcare access. In conclusion, this commentary underscores the urgency of addressing the burgeoning cancer burden in Costa Rica, calling for evidence-based interventions and collaborative efforts on a global scale.

关键词： cancer Incidence cancer Mortality Costa Rica cancer Trends Risk Factors Early Detection Public Health

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Using simulation modeling to guide policy to reduce disparities and achieve equity in cancer outcomes: state of the science and a road map for the future

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Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2023年第62期2023卷 159-166页

作者： Mandelblatt, Jeanne Meza, Rafael Trentham-Dietz, Amy Heckman-Stoddard, Brandy Feuer, Eric Department of Oncology Georgetown University Medical Center WA United States Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Prevention and Control Program WA United States Georgetown Lombardi Institute for Cancer and Aging Research Georgetown University Medical Center WA United States Department of Integrative Oncology British Columbia Cancer Research Centre Vancouver BC Canada Department of Population Health Sciences School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States Carbone Cancer Center University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Program Division of Cancer Prevention National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Surveillance Research Program Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States

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A health equity framework to support the next generation of cancer population simulation models

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Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2023年第62期2023卷 255-264页

作者： Chapman, Christina Jayasekera, Jinani Dash, Chiranjeev Sheppard, Vanessa Mandelblatt, Jeanne Department of Radiation Oncology Baylor College of Medicine the Center for Innovations in Quality Safety in the Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine and the Houston VA Houston TX United States Health Equity and Decision Sciences Research Laboratory National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Intramural Research Program National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Cancer Prevention and Control Program Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center WA United States Department of Health Behavior and Policy and Massey Cancer Center Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA United States Departments of Oncology and Medicine Georgetown University Medical Center Cancer Prevention and Control Program at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Georgetown Lombardi Institute for Cancer and Aging Research WA United States

Over the past 2 decades, population simulation modeling has evolved as an effective public health tool for surveillance of cancer trends and estimation of the impact of screening and treatment strategies on incidence and mortality, including documentation of persistent cancer inequities. The goal of this research was to provide a framework to support the next generation of cancer population simulation models to identify leverage points in the cancer control continuum to accelerate achievement of equity in cancer care for minoritized populations. In our framework, systemic racism is conceptualized as the root cause of inequity and an upstream influence acting on subsequent downstream events, which ultimately exert physiological effects on cancer incidence and mortality and competing comorbidities. To date, most simulation models investigating racial inequity have used individual-level race variables. Individual-level race is a proxy for exposure to systemic racism, not a biological construct. However, single-level race variables are suboptimal proxies for the multilevel systems, policies, and practices that perpetuate inequity. We recommend that future models designed to capture relationships between systemic racism and cancer outcomes replace or extend single-level race variables with multilevel measures that capture structural, interpersonal, and internalized racism. Models should investigate actionable levers, such as changes in health care, education, and economic structures and policies to increase equity and reductions in health-care-based interpersonal racism. This integrated approach could support novel research approaches, make explicit the effects of different structures and policies, highlight data gaps in interactions between model components mirroring how factors act in the real world, inform how we collect data to model cancer equity, and generate results that could inform policy. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights re

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Distribution of licensed acupuncturists and educational institutions in the United States at the start of 2023,during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 379-384页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan De-guang He Anu Sangraula Sarah Faggert Alemi Amy Matecki American Traditional Chinese Medicine Association ViennaVA 22182USA McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine ViennaVA 22182USA New England School of Acupuncture Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesBostonMA 02115USA Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Prevention and Control ProgramGeorgetown UniversityWashington DC 20057USA Eastern Roots Wellness PLCMcLeanVA 22101USA Sutter Health Alta Bates Summit Medical CenterOaklandCA 94609USA

This study was conducted to identify the number and density of active licensed acupuncturists(LAcs),as well as the number of accredited schools in acupuncture and Oriental medicine(AOM),as of January 1,2023,in the United States(U.S.).The number of active LAcs as of January 1,2023 was 34,524,potentially33,364 after removing license duplication in multiple states,among which the largest three states were California(with 7317 LAcs[21.19%of the total]),New York(5024[14.55%])and Florida(2644[7.66%]).The total number of LAcs decreased by 8.87%from 2018,and fell short of our projected number of LAcs in 2023 by 9037,or 20.75%.The overall LAc density in the *** as the number of LAcs per 100,000 populationDwas 10.36,less than in *** were 56 active,accredited AOM schools which offered a total of 147 programs(121 at the level necessary for licensing[entry-level],12 for an advanced practicing degree[advanced-level],and 14 for certifications).Broken down further,offerings included 50 master's degrees in acupuncture,40 master's degrees in Oriental medicine,31 entry-level doctorate degrees(10 in acupuncture and 21 in acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine),and 12advanced-level doctorate degrees in *** certification programs included one in East-Asian Medical Bodywork and 13 in *** these schools in 2023,institutions in the West and East Coast states comprised 67.86%(decreased from 77.42%in 2018)of the national ***,Florida and Illinois represented 39.29%.There were 48 jurisdictions with acupuncture practice laws in *** data suggests that the acupuncture profession in the *** been significantly impacted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

关键词： Acupuncturist Acupuncture educational institution Distribution Density Oriental medicine United States

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Polλ promotes microhomology-mediated end-joining (vol 30, pg 107, 2023)

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NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023年第7期30卷 1048-1048页

作者： Chandramouly, Gurushankar Jamsen, Joonas Borisonnik, Nikita Tyagi, Mrityunjay Calbert, Marissa L. Tredinnick, Taylor Ozdemir, Ahmet Y. Kent, Tatiana Demidova, Elena V. Arora, Sanjeevani Wilson, Samuel H. Pomerantz, Richard T. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA Spark Therapeutics Philadelphia PA USA Cancer Prevention and Control Program Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA USA Kazan Federal University Kazan Russian Federation Department of Radiation Oncology Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA USA Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park NC USA

The double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway called microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) is thought to be dependent on DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) and occur independently of nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) factors. An unresolved question is whether MMEJ is facilitated by a single Polθ-mediated end-joining pathway or consists of additional undiscovered pathways. We find that human X-family Polλ, which functions in NHEJ, additionally exhibits robust MMEJ activity like Polθ. Polλ promotes MMEJ in mammalian cells independently of essential NHEJ factors LIG4/XRCC4 and Polθ, which reveals a distinct Polλ-dependent MMEJ mechanism. X-ray crystallography employing in situ photo-induced DSB formation captured Polλ in the act of stabilizing a microhomology-mediated DNA synapse with incoming nucleotide at 2.0 Å resolution and reveals how Polλ performs replication across a DNA synapse joined by minimal base-pairing. Last, we find that Polλ is semisynthetic lethal with BRCA1 and BRCA2. Together, these studies indicate Polλ MMEJ as a distinct DSB repair mechanism.

关键词： DNA DNA damage and repair Nanocrystallography Non-homologous-end joining X-ray crystallography

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Praxis

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Annals of Anthropological Practice 2025年第1期49卷

作者： Lee, Simon Craddock Department of Population Health University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS United States Cancer Prevention & Control Program University of Kansas Cancer Center Kansas City KS United States

Aspiring to the idea that praxis opens up possibilities for transformation, this commentary reflects on the work of contributing authors to consider interrelationships between pedagogy, research, and praxis of community-engaged work to create change through the academic enterprise without losing sight of goals to support often-underserved communities and populations that anthropologists study. This treatment situates the accounts of community-engaged research in the context of the NIH investment in clinical translational research and explores the notion of engaging the community beyond clinical trial accrual while recognizing the vexed subject position of anthropologists in the employ of academic medical centers. The commentary then reflects on key terms from the contributors, questioning the objective of getting back to normal, the lived experience of intersectionality, and the challenge of centering root causes as we work to remedy disparities/inequities. Acknowledging the power of NIH as a sociocultural driver of academic medicine, the commentary positions anthropology as a disciplinary vehicle for moving between the individual and the social registers, ending with a reflection on critique as a form of praxis. © 2025 The Author(s). Annals of Anthropological Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Anthropological Association.

关键词： Clinical & Translational Science Award (CTSA) critique National Institutes of Health (NIH) subject position

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Developing a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Gynecologic cancer Survivors Undergoing Pelvic Exams

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Women's Reproductive Health 2024年第4期11卷 936-959页

作者： Coleman, Jessica N. Arthur, Sarah S. Lachman, Sage E. Choi, Yujung Zerubavel, Noga Davidson, Brittany Reese, Jennifer B. Shelby, Rebecca A. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Population Health Sciences Duke University Durham NC United States Arise Psychological Wellness and Consulting Chapel Hill NC United States Division of Gynecologic Oncology Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC United States Cancer Prevention and Control Program Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA United States

Regular pelvic exams after completing cancer treatment are critical for detecting endometrial and cervical cancer recurrence. Patients report high levels of distress and pain during exams. We conducted in-depth individual interviews with patients (N = 13) and providers (N = 10) to explore patients’ pelvic exam experiences and intervention preferences. Findings suggested that most patients experience exam-related distress and pain, and a telemedicine cognitive behavioral intervention targeting anxiety and pain would be acceptable and feasible for most patients. Findings informed PEACE (Pelvic Examination and Anxiety Coping skills for Empowerment) intervention development. Formative work is described, including a conceptual model, qualitative data collection and analysis, and session content. © 2024 Society for Menstrual Cycle Research.

关键词： anxiety cognitive behavioral Intervention development pelvic exam reproductive health

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Health Economics Research in Primary prevention of cancer: Assessment, Current Challenges, and Future Directions

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Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2022年第59期2022卷 28-41页

作者： Ekwueme, Donatus U. Halpern, Michael T. Chesson, Harrell W. Ashok, Mahima Drope, Jeffrey Hong, Young-Rock Maciosek, Michael Pesko, Michael F. Kenkel, Donald S. Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Healthcare Delivery Research Program National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD United States Division of STD Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Health Transformation & Network Management Blue Shield of California Oakland CA United States Health Policy and Administration Division The School of Public Health University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL United States Department of Health Service Research Management and Policy University of Florida Gainesville FL United States HealthPartners Institute Minneapolis MN United States Department of Economics Georgia State University Atlanta GA United States Department of Economics Cornell University Ithaca NY United States

In the past 2 decades, the demand for information on health economics research to guide health care decision making has substantially increased. Studies have provided evidence that eliminating or reducing tobacco use;eating a healthy diet, including fruit and vegetables;being physically active;reducing alcohol consumption;avoiding ultraviolet radiation;and minimizing exposure to environmental and occupational carcinogenic agents should substantially reduce cancer incidence in the population. The benefits of these primary prevention measures in reducing cancer incidence are not instantaneous. Therefore, health economics research has an important role to play in providing credible information to decision makers on the health and economic benefits of primary prevention. This article provides an overview of health economics research related to primary prevention of cancer. We addressed the following questions: 1) What are the gaps and unmet needs for performing health economics research focused on primary prevention of cancer? 2) What are the challenges and opportunities to conducting health economics research to evaluate primary prevention of cancer? and 3) What are the future directions for enhancing health economics research on primary prevention of cancer? Modeling primary prevention of cancer is often difficult given data limitations, long delays before the policy or intervention is effective, possible unintended effects of the policy or intervention, and the necessity of outside expertise to understand key inputs or outputs to the modeling. Despite these challenges, health economics research has an important role to play in providing credible information to decision makers on the health and economic benefits of primary prevention of cancer. © 2022 Published by Oxford University Press.

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Opportunities, challenges, and future directions for simulation modeling the effects of structural racism on cancer mortality in the United States: a scoping review

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Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2023年第62期2023卷 231-245页

作者： Jayasekera, Jinani El Kefi, Safa Fernandez, Jessica R. Wojcik, Kaitlyn M. Woo, Jennifer M.P. Ezeani, Adaora Ish, Jennifer L. Bhattacharya, Manami Ogunsina, Kemi Chang, Che-Jung Cohen, Camryn M. Ponce, Stephanie Kamil, Dalya Zhang, Julia Le, Randy Ramanathan, Amrita L. Butera, Gisela Chapman, Christina Grant, Shakira J. Lewis-Thames, Marquita W. Dash, Chiranjeev Bethea, Traci N. Forde, Allana T. Division of Intramural Research at the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States NYU Langone Health New York University New York NY USA Epidemiology Branch at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Health Behaviors Research Branch of the Behavioral Research Program Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute Rockville MD United States Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program Division of Cancer Prevention the Surveillance Research Program Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute Rockville MD United States Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville MD United States Sophomore at Williams College Williamstown MA United States Diabetes Endocrinology Obesity Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Office of Research Services National Institutes of Health Library Bethesda MD United States Department of Radiation Oncology Baylor College of Medicine the Center for Innovations in Quality Safety in the Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine and the Houston Veterans Affairs Houston TX United States Department of Medicine Division of Hematology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC United States Department of Medical Social Science Center for Community Health at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL United States Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research at the Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center WA United States

Purpose: Structural racism could contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in cancer mortality via its broad effects on housing, economic opportunities, and health care. However, there has been limited focus on incorporating structural racism into simulation models designed to identify practice and policy strategies to support health equity. We reviewed studies evaluating structural racism and cancer mortality disparities to highlight opportunities, challenges, and future directions to capture this broad concept in simulation modeling research. Methods: We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Scoping Review Extension guidelines. Articles published between 2018 and 2023 were searched including terms related to race, ethnicity, cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, and structural racism. We included studies evaluating the effects of structural racism on racial and ethnic disparities in cancer mortality in the United States. Results: A total of 8345 articles were identified, and 183 articles were included. Studies used different measures, data sources, and methods. For example, in 20 studies, racial residential segregation, one component of structural racism, was measured by indices of dissimilarity, concentration at the extremes, redlining, or isolation. Data sources included cancer registries, claims, or institutional data linked to area-level metrics from the US census or historical mortgage data. Segregation was associated with worse survival. Nine studies were location specific, and the segregation measures were developed for Black, Hispanic, and White residents. Conclusions: A range of measures and data sources are available to capture the effects of structural racism. We provide a set of recommendations for best practices for modelers to consider when incorporating the effects of structural racism into simulation models. © 2023 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

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