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Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Male Inmates in the Largest Prison of Eastern Nepal

Tuberculosis research and treatment 2019年第1期2019卷 3176167页

作者： Gambhir Shrestha Deepak Kumar Yadav Rabin Gautam Rashmi Mulmi Dharanidhar Baral Paras Kumar Pokharel Department of Cancer Prevention Control and Research B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital Bharatpur Chitwan Nepal. School of Public Health and Community Medicine B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan Sunsari Nepal. National Tuberculosis Program Health Research and Social Development Forum Thapathali Kathmandu Nepal.

INTRODUCTION:The prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is much higher in the prison population than in the general population. This study aims to find out the prevalence of PTB and its associated factors among inmates in eastern Nepal. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jhumka Regional Prison, the largest male prison of Eastern Nepal from September 2014 to August 2015. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to identify individuals with a cough more than one-week duration among 434 randomly selected inmates. Screening of PTB was done by sputum smear test and/or GeneXpert test. Prevalence of TB was defined as the number of cases detected during the study period divided by the total number of inmates screened during that period. Fisher's exact test was used to find out the association of PTB with related variables. RESULTS:A total of 434 inmates were screened for PTB with mean age 35.7 years and body mass index 22.7 kg/m. A total of 68 inmates had a productive cough of more than a week and two patients were already on anti-tuberculosis therapy at the time of screening. Sixty sputum samples were considered for sputum smear/GeneXpert test and 6 of them (10%) had positive results. The prevalence of TB in the Prison was 1843/100,000 population. Chest pain and abnormal chest auscultation findings were found to be significantly associated with PTB. CONCLUSIONS:This study showed that there was a high rate of PTB among inmates in Nepal. The results suggest a need for effective screening of PTB and strategies to improve management including reduction of PTB transmission in the prison.

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Relationships between the inflammatory potential of the diet, aging and anthropometric measurements in a cross-sectional study in Pakistan

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Nutrition and Healthy Aging 2018年第4期4卷 335-343页

作者： Alam, Iftikhar Shivappa, Nitin Hebert, James R. Pawelec, Graham Larbi, Anis Department of Community Health Sciences Clinical Nutrition Program College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University King Abdullah Street Saudi Arabia Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Bacha Khan University Charsadda KPK Pakistan Cancer Prevention and Control Program University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Tübingen Ageing and Tumour Immunology Group Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung University of Tübingen Waldhörnlestraße 22 Tübingen Germany Health Sciences North Research Institute Sudbury ON Canada Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) Biopolis Agency for Science Technology and Research (A STAR) Singapore Singapore Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences El-Manar University Tunis Tunisia

BACKGROUND: Little is known about associations between dietary inflammation, age and anthropometric measurements. OBJECTIVE: In this regard, we examine how DII is related to age, anthropometrics [weight, Body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR)] and other parameters of nutrition (energy, protein, fats and cholesterol intake, Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) and Phytochemical Index (PI)) in a cross-sectional study in Pakistan. DESIGN: Only men (n = 651, age 54-95 years) participated in the study. Anthropometric data were collected using standard methods. DII was calculated from nutrients derived from 24-hr Dietary Recall questionnaires. NEAP and PI were calculated by established algorithms using information on nutrient intake. RESULTS: The results show that with increasing age, there was a significant increase in the DII score (p < 0.05). Similarly significant positive correlations were found between DII score and weight, BMI, WHR and % BF (p, for all trends < 0.05). DII score significantly positively correlated with the dietary factors studied i.e. energy, protein, and fats (p, for all trends < 0.0001) but non-significantly with cholesterol (p > 0.05). Similarly, a significant positive correlation with NEAP (p < 0.0001) was found, but negative with PI (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the present study shows direct positive correlations between the DII, age and indices of obesity, and thus supports the hypothesis that diet may have a role in the development of obesity through inflammatory modulation mechanisms in elderly. © 2018 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aging anthropometrics diet dietary inflammatory index (DII) inflammation

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Interventions to improve quality of life (QOL) and/or mood in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC): a review of the evidence

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cancers of the head & neck 2019年第1期4卷 2页

作者： Jordan J Senchak Carolyn Y Fang Jessica R Bauman 1Department of Internal Medicine Temple University Hospital 1801 N. Broad Street Philadelphia PA 19122 USA. 2Cancer Prevention and Control Program Fox Chase Cancer Center 333 Cottman Avenue Philadelphia PA 19111 USA. 3Department of Hematology/Oncology Fox Chase Cancer Center 333 Cottman Avenue Philadelphia PA 19111 USA.

BACKGROUND:Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience significant physical and psychological distress, which have a negative impact on their quality of life (QOL). Few strategies have been studied to help improve QOL in this patient population. RESULTS:In this article, we review the existing literature for intervention studies that focus on improving QOL and/or mood in HNC patients. Our review yielded 14 studies that met criteria. Types of interventions included educational, psychosocial, physical and psychological symptom management, mindfulness, pharmacologic, exercise, and telemedicine. Although the majority of the studies had small sample sizes or other methodological limitations, many showed preliminary feasibility and acceptability with some positive impacts on QOL and/or mood. CONCLUSIONS:Larger studies are warranted with more robust randomized designs to determine efficacy of interventions to improve QOL and/or mood in patients with HNC. Additionally, future studies must also consider strategies for implementation and dissemination of these interventions into the health care system to improve the physical and psychological burden of HNC as a population.

关键词： Head and neck cancer (HNC) Interventions Mood Psychological distress Quality of life (QOL)

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Author Correction: Multiplexed CRISPR-based microfluidic platform for clinical testing of respiratory viruses and identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Nature medicine 2024年第1期30卷 307页

作者： Nicole L Welch Meilin Zhu Catherine Hua Juliane Weller Marzieh Ezzaty Mirhashemi Tien G Nguyen Sreekar Mantena Matthew R Bauer Bennett M Shaw Cheri M Ackerman Sri Gowtham Thakku Megan W Tse Jared Kehe Marie-Martine Uwera Jacqueline S Eversley Derek A Bielwaski Graham McGrath Joseph Braidt Jeremy Johnson Felecia Cerrato Gage K Moreno Lydia A Krasilnikova Brittany A Petros Gabrielle L Gionet Ewa King Richard C Huard Samantha K Jalbert Michael L Cleary Nicholas A Fitzgerald Stacey B Gabriel Glen R Gallagher Sandra C Smole Lawrence C Madoff Catherine M Brown Matthew W Keller Malania M Wilson Marie K Kirby John R Barnes Daniel J Park Katherine J Siddle Christian T Happi Deborah T Hung Michael Springer Bronwyn L MacInnis Jacob E Lemieux Eric Rosenberg John A Branda Paul C Blainey Pardis C Sabeti Cameron Myhrvold Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA. nicole_welch@g.harvard.edu. Harvard Program in Virology Division of Medical Sciences Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. nicole_welch@g.harvard.edu. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA. Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA. Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK. Harvard Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA. Harvard/Massachusetts Institute of Technology MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Department of Systems Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. State Health Laboratories Rhode Island Department of Health Providence RI USA. Massachusetts Department of Public Health Boston MA USA. Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA. African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases Redeemer's University Ede Nigeria. Department of Biological Sciences College of Natural Sciences Redeemer's University Ede Nigeria. Molecular Biology Department and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA. Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston MA USA. Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA. pardis

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Machine Learning for Identifying Emotional Expression in Text: Improving the Accuracy of Established Methods

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Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science 2017年第1期2卷 21-27页

作者： O’Carroll Bantum, Erin Elhadad, Noémie Owen, Jason E. Zhang, Shaodian Golant, Mitch Buzaglo, Joanne Stephen, Joanne Giese-Davis, Janine Cancer Prevention & Control Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI United States Biomedical Informatics Columbia University New York NY United States Dissemination & Training Division VA Palo Alto Health Care System Livermore CA United States Cancer Support Community Washington DC United States Alberta Health Services Calgary AB Canada Cumming School of Medicine Department of Oncology University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada

Expression of emotion has been linked to numerous critical and beneficial aspects of human functioning. Accurately capturing emotional expression in text grows in relevance as people continue to spend more time in an online environment. The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) is a commonly used program for the identification of many constructs, including emotional expression. In an earlier study by Bantum and Owen (Psychol. Assess. 21:79–88, 2009), LIWC was demonstrated to have good sensitivity yet poor positive predictive value. The goal of the current study was to create an automated machine learning technique to mimic manual coding. The sample included online support groups, cancer discussion boards, and transcripts from an expressive writing study, which resulted in 39,367 sentence-level coding decisions. In examining the entire sample, the machine learning approach outperformed LIWC, in all categories outside of sensitivity for negative emotion (LIWC sensitivity = 0.85;machine learning sensitivity = 0.41), although LIWC does not take into consideration prosocial emotion, such as affection, interest, and validation. LIWC performed significantly better than the machine learning approach when removing the prosocial emotions (p = <.0001). The sample overrepresented examples of emotion that fit into the overarching category of positive emotion. Remaining work is needed to create more effective machine learning features for codes that are thought to be important emotionally but were not well represented in the sample (e.g., frustration, contempt, and belligerence), and machine learning could be a fruitful method for continued exploration. © 2017, Springer International Publishing.

关键词： cancer Emotional expression Linguistic analysis Machine learning

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Gene Abnormalities in Transplant Associated-Thrombotic Microangiopathy: Comparison between Recipient and Donor's DNA

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Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2021年第7期122卷 1247-1250页

作者： Evangeline Millicent Rodrigues Gianluigi Ardissino Giulia Pintarelli Valentina Capone Jacopo Mariotti Marta Verna Maria Ester Bernardo Maura Faraci Monica Tozzi Alessandro Bucalossi Elisabetta Schiavello Veronica Biassoni Anna Guidetti Alessandra Carotti Luca Facchini Elisabetta Terruzzi Fabio Giglio Marco Zecca Francesco Onida Leonardo Caroti Simone Cesaro Dario Consonni Massimo Cugno Luigi Porcaro Center for HUS Control Prevention and Management Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy Laboratory of Medical Genetics Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy Bone Marrow Transplant Unit Hematology-Oncology Department Humanitas Cancer Center Rozzano Italy Paediatric Foundation MBBM San Gerardo Hospital Monza Italy Paediatric Immunohaematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy Hematopoietic Stem Cell Unit Department of Hematology-Oncology IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini Genova Italy Cellular Therapy Unit Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese Siena Italy Paediatric Oncology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy Hematology Division Hemato-Oncology Department Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy HST Program Hematology Immunology Department University Hospital Perugia Italy Haematology Department Azienda USL IRCCS Reggio Emilia Italy Division of Hematology and CTA San Gerardo Hospital Monza Italy Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy Paediatric Hematoloy/Oncology Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Italy Hematology-BMT Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico University of Milan Milan Italy Nephrology and Dialysis Unit Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi Florence Italy Oncoematologia Pediatrica Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona Italy Unit of Epidemiology in Public Health Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy Internal Medicine and Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy

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The associations of butyrate-producing bacteria of the gut microbiome with diet quality and muscle health

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Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) 2021年 2卷 e2页

作者： Jessica A Davis Fiona Collier Mohammadreza Mohebbi Julie A Pasco Nitin Shivappa James R Hébert Felice N Jacka Amy Loughman IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of Medicine Barwon Health Deakin University Geelong VIC Australia. Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases (GCEID) Barwon Health Geelong VIC Australia. Barwon Health Geelong VIC Australia. Biostatistics Unit Faculty of Health Deakin University Geelong VIC Australia. Department of Medicine - Western Health The University of Melbourne St Albans VIC Australia. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University Prahran VIC Australia. Cancer Prevention and Control Program University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA. Centre for Adolescent Health Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville VIC Australia. Black Dog Institute Randwick NSW Australia. James Cook University Townsville QLD Australia.

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between diet quality, the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria of the gut microbiome and muscle mass, strength and function. In this cross-sectional study, = 490 men (64.4 ± 13.5 years) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study provided food frequency questionnaire data, from which the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score were calculated. Muscle mass (skeletal muscle index from DXA-derived lean mass), muscle strength (handgrip strength) and muscle function (Timed Up-and-Go test) were measured. Participants provided stool samples for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. There was no evidence of associations between alpha or beta diversity and muscle health measures. A healthier ARFS score was positively associated with the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria ( 0.09, 95%CI 0.03, 0.15) and a higher (pro-inflammatory) DII score was associated with lower relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria ( -0.60, 95%CI -1.06, -0.15). The relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria was positively associated with healthier muscle mass, strength and function; however, these relationships were attenuated in multivariable models. These findings support the role of diet quality in achieving a healthier gut microbiome, however, further evidence is required for a gut-muscle axis in humans.

关键词： Microbiome Sarcopenia butyrate diet quality muscle health

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A national survey of primary care physicians: Perceptions and practices of low-dose CT lung cancer screening

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Preventive Medicine Reports 2018年 11卷 93-99页

作者： Eberth, Jan M. McDonnell, Karen Kane Sercy, Erica Khan, Samira Strayer, Scott M. Dievendorf, Amy C. Munden, Reginald F. Vernon, Sally W. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States College of Nursing University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Department of Family and Preventive Medicine School of Medicine University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Department of Radiology Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston Salem NC United States Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences School of Public Health University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston Houston TX United States

Soon after the National Lung Screening Trial, organizations began to endorse low-dose computed tomography (LCDT) screening for lung cancer in high-risk patients. Concerns about the risks versus benefits of screening, as well as the logistics of identifying and referring eligible patients, remained among physicians. This study aimed to examine primary care physicians' knowledge, attitudes, referral practices, and associated barriers regarding LDCT screening. We administered a national survey of primary care physicians in the United States between September 2016 and April 2017. Physicians received up to 3 mailings, 1 follow-up email, and received varying incentives to complete the survey. Overall, 293 physicians participated, for a response rate of 13%. We used weighted descriptive statistics to characterize participants and their responses. Over half of the respondents correctly reported that the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends LDCT screening for high-risk patients. Screening recommendations for patients not meeting high-risk criteria varied. Although 75% agreed that the benefits of LDCT screening outweigh the risks, fewer agreed that there is substantial evidence that screening reduces mortality (50%). The most commonly reported barriers to ordering screening included prior authorization requirements (57%), lack of insurance coverage (53%), and coverage denials (31%). The most frequently cited barrier to conducting LDCT screening shared decision making was patients' competing health priorities (42%). Given the impact of physician recommendations on cancer screening utilization, further understanding of physicians' LDCT screening attitudes and shared decision-making practices is needed. Clinical practice and policy changes are also needed to engage more patients in screening discussions. © 2018

关键词： Computed tomography Early detection of cancer Lung cancer Mass screening Physicians

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Correction to: Genetic variant predictors of gene expression provide new insight into risk of colorectal cancer

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Human genetics 2019年第7期138卷 789-791页

作者： Stephanie A Bien Yu-Ru Su David V Conti Tabitha A Harrison Conghui Qu Xingyi Guo Yingchang Lu Demetrius Albanes Paul L Auer Barbara L Banbury Sonja I Berndt Stéphane Bézieau Hermann Brenner Daniel D Buchanan Bette J Caan Peter T Campbell Christopher S Carlson Andrew T Chan Jenny Chang-Claude Sai Chen Charles M Connolly Douglas F Easton Edith J M Feskens Steven Gallinger Graham G Giles Marc J Gunter Jochen Hampe Jeroen R Huyghe Michael Hoffmeister Thomas J Hudson Eric J Jacobs Mark A Jenkins Ellen Kampman Hyun Min Kang Tilman Kühn Sébastien Küry Flavio Lejbkowicz Loic Le Marchand Roger L Milne Li Li Christopher I Li Annika Lindblom Noralane M Lindor Vicente Martín Caroline E McNeil Marilena Melas Victor Moreno Polly A Newcomb Kenneth Offit Paul D P Pharaoh John D Potter Chenxu Qu Elio Riboli Gad Rennert Núria Sala Clemens Schafmayer Peter C Scacheri Stephanie L Schmit Gianluca Severi Martha L Slattery Joshua D Smith Antonia Trichopoulou Rosario Tumino Cornelia M Ulrich Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven Bethany Van Guelpen Stephanie J Weinstein Emily White Alicja Wolk Michael O Woods Anna H Wu Goncalo R Abeçasis Graham Casey Deborah A Nickerson Stephen B Gruber Li Hsu Wei Zheng Ulrike Peters Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA 98109 USA. sbien@***. Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA 98109 USA. USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA. Department of Preventive Medicine Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA. Division of Epidemiology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN 37232 USA. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD 20892 USA. Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI 53205 USA. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hotel-Dieu 44093 Nantes France. Service de Génétique Médicale Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) 44093 Nantes France. Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany. Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) 69120 Heidelberg Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) 69120 Heidelberg Germany. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia. Colorectal Oncogenomics Group Department of Pathology University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia. Genetic Medicine and Familial Cancer Centre The Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville VIC 3010 Australia. Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program of Northern California Oakland CA 94612 USA. Epidemiology Research Program American Cancer Society Atlanta GA 30329-4251 USA. Division of Gastroenterology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA. Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA. Unit of Genetic Epi

Every author has erroneously been assigned to the affiliation "62". The affiliation 62 belongs to the author Graham Casey.

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The effects of the Multicultural Healthy Diet on cognitive decline & Alzheimer's disease risk: A randomized controlled trial in middle-aged adults

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The American journal of clinical nutrition 2025年

作者： Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani Noorie Hyun Jonathan G Hakun Mindy J Katz Jelena M Pavlovic Henrik Zetterberg Zheng Wang Jasper B Yang Judith Wylie-Rosett James R Hebert Martin J Sliwinski Pamela A Shaw Division of Health Behavior Research & Implementation Science Department of Epidemiology & Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY. Electronic address: yasmin.mossavar-rahmani@einsteinmed.edu. Division of Biostatistics Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Seattle WA Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle WA. Department of Neurology The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA Department of Psychology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA Department of Public Health Sciences The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA Center for Healthy Aging The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA. Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY. Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine & Montefiore Medical Center Bronx NY. Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square London UK UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL London UK Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases InnoHK Hong Kong China Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI. Division of Biostatistics Department of Epidemiology & Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY. Division of Biostatistics Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Seattle WA. Division of Health Behavior Research & Implementation Science Department of Epidemiology & Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Cancer Prevention and Control Program Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC Depart

BACKGROUND:Anti-inflammatory dietary patterns are associated with slower cognitive decline in older adults; however, little is known about effects of an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern in middle-age. OBJECTIVES:To adapt an anti-inflammatory diet to a multicultural setting and assess its impact on cognitive decline and Alzheimer's Disease risk and related dementias in healthy middle-aged adults. METHODS:We performed a phase II pilot randomized clinical trial in adults (40-65 years old; n=290) in Bronx, New York. Participants were assigned to follow either the Multicultural Healthy Diet (MHD) an anti-inflammatory diet, or usual diet (Comparison). Diet was evaluated using National cancer Institute's Automated Self-Administered 24-hr food records. The primary cognitive outcome was assessed at 9 months following randomization using a global composite score derived from three ambulatory cognitive assessments of visuospatial memory (Grid Memory), processing speed (Symbol Search) and short-term associative memory binding (Color Shapes). Secondary outcomes included performance on individual tests and association of dietary components with cognitive performance. RESULTS:At 9 month follow-up the MHD arm had a lower Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score based on self-reported diet, with an adjusted MHD minus Comparison difference of -0.64 (95% CI: -1.02, -0.27) and -0.94 (95% CI: -1.34, -0.54) for the DII and energy-adjusted DII scores respectively, indicating intervention participants had adhered to an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern. Group session and telephone contact completion averaged 93% and 72% respectively for the MHD arm. No statistically significant difference between arms was found in the primary outcome- cognitive global score change- from baseline: -0.06 (95% CI: -0.15, 0.04), p=0.259. CONCLUSIONS:The MHD was feasible and acceptable in this multicultural US cohort. While the influence of MHD at 9 months was non-significant based on the composite cognitive sco

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias Diet assessment ambulatory cognitive monitoring cognitive function dietary inflammatory index multicultural healthy diet randomized controlled clinical trial

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