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International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)

作者： Zhiyong Wu Marija Ilic Engaged Designing Modeling and Evaluating new Electricity Market Structure Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University USA

In this paper we model and analyze the dependence of electricity market outcomes on the market structures and rules. Market attributes such as electricity prices and their volatility, profits and revenues by the market participants and system cost are assessed. Of particular concerns are the effects of market structures on the long-term generation investments needed to meet long-term uncertain demand. The paper builds upon an earlier introduction of electricity market modeling resulting from the dynamics of fundamental market drivers, such as demand, supply and market clearing processes. This approach is employed to model and simulate the outcomes in the short-term spot markets, and compare these with the potential outcomes in a newly proposed stratum electricity market (SEM) structure comprising both spot and long-term sub-markets. The performance of the newly proposed SEM is illustrated using Monte Carlo simulations on a simple power system in which the only uncertainties come from the load forecasts and fuel prices

关键词： Power generation Investments Electricity supply industry Power system modeling Uncertainty Power generation economics Capacity planning Energy management Power system simulation Power system analysis computing

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EN-TASK: Energy-Temporal and Structural Kit

EN-TASK: Energy-Temporal and Structural Kit

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Annual North-American Power Symposium

作者： Marija D. Ilic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424402271

This paper concerns a novel modeling and software framework in support of future electricity and energy services. A broad vision for one such possible framework named Energy-Temporal and Structural Kit (EN-TASK) is described. It is explained why is this needed, and how would such framework facilitate Dynamic Energy Control Protocols (DECPs) of the future. The emphasis is on a framework which zooms in and out to assess potential of candidate technology and /or organizational change at the level where it matters the most.

关键词： Nanoelectromechanical systems Power system modeling Power generation Power generation economics Environmental economics Macroeconomics Costs Councils Distributed power generation Nuclear power generation

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Determining the cost of dynamic control capacity for improving system efficiency

Determining the cost of dynamic control capacity for improvi...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： M.A. Elizondo M.D. Ilic P.E. Mercado Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Engineering Public Policy Departments Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Instituto de Energía Eléctrica CONICET San Juan Argentina

In this paper, we propose an approach to determining the cost of supplying the dynamic control capacity (DCC) necessary to ensure that the system operates without stability problems over a well-defined range of demand variations and system contingencies. This approach addresses the problem of finding an economically efficient combination of controllers and reserves to provide reliability and security economically and in a technically adequate way. In particular, we discuss the cost of providing DCC as a function of system dynamic performance (DP) metrics. The choice of performance metrics is critical for deciding the installation of controllers in power systems. In this paper, we illustrate the approach using the primary control problems of transient stability and primary voltage control

关键词： Costs Control systems Power generation economics Power system reliability Power system security Power system dynamics Power system stability Power system transients Voltage control Power system economics

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Critical Voltage Monitoring Using Sensitivity and Optimal Information Machine Learning

Critical Voltage Monitoring Using Sensitivity and Optimal In...

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Annual North-American Power Symposium

作者： Jovan Ilic Le Xie Marija D. Ilic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Engineering Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424402271

This paper is motivated by the basic need to develop methods for on-line detection of abnormal conditions in large electric power systems. In order to implement truly effective near-automated tools for this purpose, it is necessary to overcome several problems such as: (1) excessive computational complexity; (b) unacceptable approximations; and, (3) dependence on full state measurements. In an attempt to overcome these major roadblocks, we combine tools capable of producing accurate results over broad ranges of conditions, such as off-line data mining and machine learning, with the approximate, well-understood deterministic methods, such as sensitivity-based methods. The resulting approach indirectly overcomes the dependence on full state measurements; the actual choice of the most relevant measurements becomes a result of such a combined approach. The proposed approach is illustrated on an example of detecting a given voltage threshold violation.

关键词： Condition monitoring Machine learning Jacobian matrices Load flow Power systems Entropy Computational complexity Data mining Threshold voltage Information analysis

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Towards Grid Modernization through Enhanced Communications and Computing: Novel Performance Index and Information Structure for Monitoring Voltage Problems

Towards Grid Modernization through Enhanced Communications a...

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Annual North-American Power Symposium

作者： Le Xie Jovan Ilic Marija D. Ilic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424402271

In this paper we observe that recent voltage problems, including August 2003 blackout, are often caused by the lack of adequate and timely information. We study the type of information essential to avoiding such problems in the future. The needed information concerns (a) choice of a performance index characterizing problems of interest; (b) information structure necessary to monitor the performance index with acceptable accuracy; and, (c) the interdependence between (a) and (b). We propose a novel performance index and corresponding information structure. This information structure requires very little or no communications between decomposed subsystems. Illustrations of proposed concepts in multi control area systems are presented. These findings form a basis for grid modernization through communications and computing for improved voltage support in multi control area system.

关键词： Grid computing Performance analysis Monitoring Voltage control Communication system control Control systems Logic design Hardware Programmable control Adaptive control

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Imbedding Smart Relays in Large Electric Power Networks: The Scalability Problem and a Possible Solution

Imbedding Smart Relays in Large Electric Power Networks: The...

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Annual North-American Power Symposium

作者： Yi Zhang Marija D. Ilic Marija Prica Ozan Tonguz Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Department of Engineering & Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424402271

As the need to meet the high security and reliability requirements of the electric power grids intensify, it is essential to make the existing relays smarter and more adaptive to changing system conditions. A successful implementation of enhanced relay performance requires both improved logic and the ability to manage computing and communications in near-real time. In this paper, we first summarize our recently introduced hypothesis-testing-based improved logic for over-current relays. The new contribution concerns the computational and communications problem associated with the large combinatorial burden of decision making underlying this new logic when relays are embedded in large electric power networks. We refer to this problem as the scalability problem. In this paper, a possible approach to solving the scalability problem is presented. In particular, this approach leads to: 1) Shorter simulation and training time prior to installing new relays; 2) Less data requirement for training and updating each relay; and 3) Faster dynamic updating with lower communication traffic load. These features are essential for a physical cyber system (PCS) to effectively meet the goals of secure and reliable critical infrastructures, such as a large electric power system.

关键词： Relays Scalability Power system relaying Power system reliability Logic Power systems Communication system security Power system security Telecommunication network reliability Adaptive systems

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Information and Communications Technology for Development (ICT4D) - A Design Challenge?

Information and Communications Technology for Development (I...

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International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD)

作者： Rahul Tongia Eswaran Subrahmanian School of Computer Science (ISRI) and the Department of Engineering & Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh USA Institute for Complex Engineered Systems Pittsburgh USA

In this paper, we make the case that ICT projects in the developed and developing world often lead to partial or total failures due to the incomplete assessment of the problem being solved and the metrics used to evaluate solutions. While in the developed world the success of ICT solutions are often determined by the market, with available infrastructure and market mechanisms, in the developing world this ecosystem does not exist thus requiring an understanding of the ecosystem in which ICT solutions are to be applied. Using literature from the design space, and experiences in ICT for development, we elaborate the dimensions of design such as incorporation of stakeholders, incentive structures, and design participation that are critical to successful deployment. We examine some successes and failures in product/solution development in the ICT area to identify the dimensions of good design incorporated by these products and services. With the perspective that ICT for sustainable development issues are ill-structured and "wicked problems" that have to incorporate all the defined dimensions of design, we propose a model of product and service identification and development that is based on insights from asynchronous computational agent problem solving. We claim that new methods such as the one proposed need to be identified, developed and tested for their effectiveness in the development of products and services that satisfy the needs of human development

关键词： Communications technology Ecosystems Humans Databases Throughput Scalability Failure analysis Information analysis Process design Economies of scale

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Panel session - Learning modules for security, privacy and information assurance in undergraduate engineering education

Panel session - Learning modules for security, privacy and i...

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36th Annual Frontiers in Education (FIE 2006)

作者： Manson, Daniel Meldal, Sigurd Sledge, Carol Maurer, Stephen M. Mitchell, John C. Spengler, Erich Sztipanovits, Janos Torner, Javier Cal Poly Pomona San José State University NSF STC Trust Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute CERT UC Berkeley Goldman School of Public Policy Stanford Computer Security Lab. Stanford University NSF STC Trust Center for Systems Security and Information Assurance Institute for Software Integrated Systems Vanderbilt University NSF STC Trust CSU San Bernardino

ISBN: (纸本)9781424402564

computer trustworthiness continues to increase in importance as a pressing scientific, economic, and social problem. In today's environment, there is heightened awareness of the threat of well-funded professional cyber hackers and the potential for nation-state sponsored cyber warfare. An accelerating trend of the last decade has been the growing integration role of computing and communication in critical infrastructure systems that now have complex interdependencies rooted in information technologies. These overlapping and interacting trends force us to recognize that trustworthiness of our computer systems is not an IT issue anymore;it has a direct and immediate impact on our critical infrastructure. Security is often a collective enterprise, with complicated interdependencies and composition issues among a variety of participants. This poses a challenge for traditional engineering education models and curricula. The panel will discuss experiences and strategies to establish curricular foundation elements providing CSET graduates with an understanding of the interaction between cyber security, critical infrastructure systems and public policy.

关键词： security engineering education privacy information assurance

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Are personal electronics a threat to aircraft?

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Aviation Week and Space Technology (New York) 2006年第15期164卷 58-58页

作者： Strauss, Bill Apt, Jay Morgan, M. Granger Stancil, Daniel D. Naval Air Warfare Center Patuxent River MD IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh CMU Engineering and Public Policy Dept. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

The US Federal Communications Commission began soliciting comments in December 2004 on proposed regulations to permit the use of cell phones and other personal electronic devices (PED) on board commercial airline flights. The numerous reports in the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) database of navigation errors ceased after the cockpit crew asked for PEDs to be turned off. Corporate and general aviation pilots have reported that approach-certified GPS avionics can lose satellite lock inflight due to cellular tele-phones being on. Personal electronics have caused avionics interference on airliners and general aviation aircraft. The aviation systems should develop and deploy simple real-time tools that can allow the crew to detect RF emissions.

关键词： Electronic equipment

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Capacity expansion and investment as a function of electricity market structure: Part I - Generation

Capacity expansion and investment as a function of electrici...

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2005 IEEE Russia Power Tech, PowerTech

作者： Wu, Zhiyong Ilic, Marija IEEE Engineering and Public Policy Department Carnegie Mellon University Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424418749

This paper concerns the problem of capacity expansion and investment as the electric power industry undergoes major restructuring worldwide. In particular, the objectives of investment in fully regulated industry are compared with the capacity expansion in a spot only market. It is concluded that the incentives in spot only markets depend on the rules for bidding functions into the market: If only short-run marginal cost bidding curves are allowed, and no margin on forecast demand is added, basically no new investment will take place. On the other hand, if it is allowed to bid average costs, instead of short-run marginal costs, this would provide sufficiently strong incentive signals to ensure necessary installed capacity. Given that today's measurements of market power in the spot market classify any bids higher than the short-run marginal cost as market power, we suggest that it is essential to introduce other means of providing incentives to install capacity in a timely manner. This can be done by designing longer-term physical and/or financial mechanisms for valuing future investments. In this paper we propose a Stratum Electricity Market (SEM) structure which consists of several sequentially clearing submarkets, ranging from a day-ahead-market (DAM), through month-, season-, year-, five year- and even ten year-forward submarkets. The performance of this newly proposed SEM is illustrated using simulations on a simple power system in which four different types of generation technologies supply system load.

关键词： Investments

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