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International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing, BIOSIGNALS 2012

作者： Yu, Chen-Ping Ruppert, Guilherme C.S. Nguyen, Dan T.D. Falcao, Alexandre X. Liu, Yanxi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University 342 Information Sc. and Tech. Building University Park 16802 PA United States Institute of Computing University of Campinas Av. Albert Einstein 1251 13083-852 Campinas Brazil Renato Archer Center for Information Technology Rod. Dom Pedro 13069-901 Campinas Brazil Department of Radiology Penn State Hershey Medical Center 500 University Drive Hershey 17033 PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789898425898

The precise segmentation of brain tumors from MR images is necessary for surgical planning. However, it is a tedious task for the medical professionals to process manually. The performance of supervised machine learning techniques for automatic tumor segmentation is time consuming and very dependent on the type of the training samples. Brain tumors are statistically asymmetrical blobs with respect to the mid-sagittal plane (MSP) in the brain and we present an asymmetry-based, novel, fast, fully-automatic and unsupervised framework for 3D brain tumor segmentation from MR images. Our approach detects asymmetrical intensity deviation of brain tissues in 4 stages: (1) automatic MSP extraction, (2) asymmetrical slice extraction for an estimated tumor location, (3) region of interest localization, and (4) 3D tumor volume delineation using a watershed method. The method has been validated on 17 clinical MR volumes with a 71.23%±27.68% mean Jaccard Coefficient.

关键词： Brain

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Efficient Dynamic Derived Field Generation on Many-Core Architectures Using Python

Efficient Dynamic Derived Field Generation on Many-Core Arch...

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High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SCC), SC Companion:

作者： Cyrus Harrison Paul Navrátil Maysam Moussalem Ming Jiang Hank Childs Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories USA Texas Advanced Computing Center University of Texas Austin USA Department of Computer Science University of Texas Austin USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467362184

Derived field generation is a critical aspect of many visualization and analysis systems. This capability is frequently implemented by providing users with a language to create new fields and then translating their “programs” into a pipeline of filters that are combined in sequential fashion. Although this design is highly extensible and practical for development, the runtime characteristics of the typical implementation are poor, since it iterates over large arrays many times. As we reconsider visualization and analysis systems for many-core architectures, we must re-think the best way to implement derived fields while being cognizant of data movement. In this paper, we describe a flexible Python-based framework that realizes efficient derived field generation on many-core architectures using OpenCL. Our framework supports the development of different execution strategies for composing operations using a common library of building blocks. We present an evaluation of our framework by testing three execution strategies to explore tradeoffs between runtime performance and memory constraints. We successfully demonstrate our framework in an HPC environment using the vortex detection application on a large-scale simulation.

关键词： core construction Pythonidae Frameworks ARCHITECTURE Analysis systems runtime performance Python visualization tradeoffs Building blocks

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Improving robot manipulation through fingertip perception

Improving robot manipulation through fingertip perception

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Systems

作者： Alexis Maldonado Humberto Alvarez Michael Beetz The authors are with the Intelligent Autonomous Systems / Artificial Intelligence chair Computer Science Department at the University of Bremen. We are also part of the Center for Computing and Communication Technologies (TZI) at the same University. W

ISBN: (纸本)9781467317375

Better sensing is crucial to improve robotic grasping and manipulation. Most robots currently have very limited perception in their manipulators, typically only fingertip position and velocity. Additional sensors make richer interactions with the objects possible. In this paper, we present a versatile, robust and low cost sensor for robot fingertips, that can improve robotic grasping and manipulation in several ways: 3D reconstruction of the shape of objects, material surface classification, and object slip detection. We extended TUM-Rosie, our robot for mobile manipulation, with fingertip sensors on its humanoid robotic hand, and show the advantages of the fingertip sensor integrated in our robot system.

关键词： fingertip TUM-Rosie manipulation Robot robotic hand Sensors Robot System senses Perception Grasp

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A science gateway getting ready for serving the international molecular simulation community 2

A science gateway getting ready for serving the internationa...

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2012 EGI Community Forum / EMI 2nd Technical Conference, EGICF-EMITC 2012

作者： Gesing, Sandra Herres-Pawlis, Sonja Birkenheuer, Georg Brinkmann, André Grunzke, Richard Kacsuk, Peter Kohlbacher, Oliver Kozlovszky, Miklos Krüger, Jens Müller-Pfefferkorn, Ralph Schäfer, Patrick Steinke, Thomas Center for Bioinformatics Department of Computer Science University of Tübingen Sand 14 Tübingen72076 Germany Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstr. 5-13 München81377 Germany Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing University of Paderborn Warburger Str. 100 Paderborn33089 Germany Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Mainz55099 Germany Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing Technische Universität Dresden Zellescher Weg 12-14 Germany Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Systems MTA SZTAKI Kende Street 13-17 Budapest1111 Hungary Zuse Institute Berlin Takustraße 7 Berlin14195 Germany

The project MoSGrid (Molecular Simulation Grid) has been developing a web-based science gateway supporting the community with various services for quantum chemistry, molecular modeling, and docking. Users gain access to distributed computing infrastructures (DCIs) via intuitive user interfaces for sophisticated tools, specialized workflows, and distributed repositories. Currently, the MoSGrid community consists of about 120 users from a number of fields related to chemistry and bioinformatics located in Germany. However, the underlying security infrastructure is generally applicable and can be deployed in arbitrary projects. MoSGrid intends to address the international community by participating in the EU-projects SCI-BUS (Scientific gateway Based User Support) and ER-flow (Building an European Research Community through Interoperable Workflows and Data), and collaborating with the EU-project EDGI (European Desktop Grid Initiative). © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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Conjoining Gestalt rules for abstraction of architectural drawings

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Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao/Journal of computer-Aided Design and computer Graphics 2012年第2期24卷 152-154页

作者： Nan, Liangliang Sharf, Andrei Xie, Ke Wong, Tien-Tsin Deussen, Oliver Cohen-Or, Daniel Chen, Baoquan Visual Computing Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University Beer-Sheva Israel Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computer and Information Science University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel

We present a method for structural summarization and abstraction of complex spatial arrangements found in architectural drawings. The method is based on the well-known Gestalt rules, which summarize how forms, patterns, and semantics are perceived by humans from bits and pieces of geometric information. Although defining a computational model for each rule alone has been extensively studied, modeling a conjoint of Gestalt rules remains a challenge. In this work, we develop a computational framework which models Gestalt rules and more importantly, their complex interactions. We apply conjoining rules to line drawings, to detect groups of objects and repetitions that conform to Gestalt principles. We summarize and abstract such groups in ways that maintain structural semantics by displaying only a reduced number of repeated elements, or by replacing them with simpler shapes. We show an application of our method to line drawings of architectural models of various styles, and the potential of extending the technique to other computer-generated illustrations, and three-dimensional models.

关键词： Semantics

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Abstract: Exploring Performance Data with Boxfish

Abstract: Exploring Performance Data with Boxfish

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High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SCC), SC Companion:

作者： Katherine E. Isaacs Aaditya G. Landge Todd Gamblin Peer-Timo Bremer Valerio Pascucci Bernd Hamann Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization Department of Computer Science University of California Davis CA USA Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute University of Utah Salt Lake UT USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories Livermore CA USA

The growth in size and complexity of scaling applications and the systems on which they run pose challenges in analyzing and improving their overall performance. With metrics coming from thousands or millions of processes, visualization techniques are necessary to make sense of the increasing amount of data. To aid the process of exploration and understanding, we announce the initial release of Boxfish, an extensible tool for manipulating and visualizing data pertaining to application behavior. Combining and visually presenting data and knowledge from multiple domains, such as the application's communication patterns and the hardware's network configuration and routing policies, can yield the insight necessary to discover the underlying causes of observed behavior. Boxfish allows users to query, filter and project data across these domains to create interactive, linked visualizations.

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DI-MMAP: A High Performance Memory-Map Runtime for Data-Intensive Applications

DI-MMAP: A High Performance Memory-Map Runtime for Data-Inte...

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High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SCC), SC Companion:

作者： Brian Van Essen Henry Hsieh Sasha Ames Maya Gokhale Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA US Department of Computer Science University of California Los Angeles USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467362184

We present DI-MMAP, a high-performance runtime that memory-maps large external data sets into an application's address space and shows significantly better performance than the Linux mmap system call. Our implementation is particularly effective when used with high performance locally attached Flash arrays on highly concurrent, latency-tolerant data-intensive HPC applications. We describe the kernel module and show performance results on a benchmark test suite and on a new bioinformatics metagenomic classification application. For the complex metagenomics classification application, DI-MMAP performs up to 4.88× better than standard Linux mmap.

关键词： Runtime Linux Benchmark testing Standards Databases Random access memory Instruction sets

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Coded Path Protection: Efficient Conversion of Sharing to Coding

Coded Path Protection: Efficient Conversion of Sharing to Co...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications

作者： Serhat Nazim Avci Ender Ayanoglu Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California

ISBN: (纸本)9781457720529

Link failures in wide area networks are common and cause significant data losses. Mesh-based protection schemes offer high capacity efficiency but they are slow and require complex signaling. Additionally, real-time reconfiguration of a cross-connect threatens their transmission integrity. On the other hand, coding-based protection schemes are proactive. Therefore, they have higher restoration speed, lower signaling complexity, and higher transmission integrity. This paper introduces a coding-based protection scheme, named Coded Path Protection (CPP). In CPP, a backup copy of the primary data is encoded with other data streams, resulting in capacity savings. This paper presents an optimal and simple capacity placement and coding group formation algorithm. The algorithm converts the sharing structure of any solution of a Shared Path Protection (SPP) technique into a coding structure with minimum extra capacity. We conducted quantitative and qualitative comparisons of our technique with the SPP and, another technique, known as p-cycle protection. Simulation results confirm that the CPP is significantly faster than the SPP and p-cycle techniques. CPP incurs marginal extra capacity on top of SPP. Its capacity efficiency is lower than the p-cycle technique for dense networks but can be higher for sparse networks. In addition, unlike p-cycle protection, CPP is inherently suitable for the wavelength continuity constraint in optical networks.

关键词： STANDARD PRACTICE PROCEDURES CPP gene backup copy Wide area networks Fiber optic networks RAW DATA

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Mesh simplification for 3D modeling using evolutionary multi-objective optimization

Mesh simplification for 3D modeling using evolutionary multi...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： B. Rosario Campomanes-Álvarez Sergio Damas Óscar Cordón Fuzzy and Evolutionary Algorithms Research Unit European Centre for Soft Computing Mieres Asturias Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies University of Granada Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781467315104

Polygonal surface models are typically used in three-dimensional (3D) visualizations and simulations. They are obtained by laser scanners, computer vision systems or medical imaging devices to model highly detailed object surfaces. Surface mesh simplification aims to reduce the number of faces used in a 3D model while keeping the overall shape, boundaries, and volume. In this work, we propose to deal with the mesh simplification problem from an evolutionary multi-objective viewpoint. The quality of a solution is defined by two conflicting objectives: the accuracy and the simplicity of the model. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adapted to tackle the problem. We compare the NSGA-II performance with a classical approach and a single-objective implementation. The comparison has been carried out using different datasets.

关键词： Approximation methods Surface topography Computational modeling Solid modeling Approximation algorithms Arrays Measurement

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Performance Modeling of Algebraic Multigrid on Blue Gene/Q: Lessons Learned

Performance Modeling of Algebraic Multigrid on Blue Gene/Q: ...

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High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SCC), SC Companion:

作者： Hormozd Gahvari William Gropp Kirk E. Jordan Martin Schulz Ulrike Meier Yang Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Cambridge MA USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories Livermore CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467362184

The IBM Blue Gene/Q represents a large step in the evolution of massively parallel machines. It features 16-core compute nodes, with additional parallelism in the form of four simultaneous hardware threads per core, connected together by a five-dimensional torus network. Machines are being built with core counts in the hundreds of thousands, with the largest, Sequoia, featuring over 1.5 million cores. In this paper, we develop a performance model for the solve cycle of algebraic multigrid on Blue Gene/Q to help us understand the issues this popular linear solver for large, sparse linear systems faces on this architecture. We validate the model on a Blue Gene/Q at IBM, and conclude with a discussion of the implications of our results.

关键词： PERFORMANCE MODELING core interacting boson model IBM parallel machines Algebra color blue lessons learned

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