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Demonstration: Secure -semantics empowered rescue environment

Demonstration: Secure -semantics empowered rescue environmen...

4th International Workshop on Semantic Sensor Networks 2011, SSN 2011 - A 10th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2011

作者： Desai, Pratikkumar Henson, Cory Anatharam, Pramod Sheth, Amit Kno.e.sis - Ohio Center of Excellence in Knowledge enabled Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Wright State University Dayton OH 45435 United States

This paper demonstrates a Semantic Web enabled system for collecting and processing sensor data within a rescue environment. The real time system collects heterogeneous raw sensor data from rescue robots through a wireless sensor network. The raw sensor data is converted to RDF using the Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology and further processed to generate abstractions used for event detection in emergency scenarios.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Exploring the vulnerability of CMPs to soft errors with 3D stacked non-volatile memory

Exploring the vulnerability of CMPs to soft errors with 3D s...

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29th IEEE International Conference on computer Design 2011, ICCD 2011

作者： Sun, Guangyu Kursun, Eren Rivers, Jude A. Xie, Yuan Center for Energy-Efficient Computing and Applications Peking University China IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center United States Computer Science and Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457719523

Spin-transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM) emerges for on-chip memory in microprocessor architectures. Thanks to the magnetic field based storage STT-RAM cells have immunity to radiation induced soft errors that affect electrical charge based data storage, which is a major challenge in SRAM based caches in current microprocessors. In this study we explore the soft error resilience benefits and design trade offs of 3D-stacked STT-RAM for multi-core architectures. We use 3D stacking as an enabler for modular integration of STT-RAM caches with minimum disruption in the baseline processor design flow, while providing further interconnectivity and capacity advantages. We take an in-depth look at alternative replacement schemes in terms of performance, power, temperature, and reliability trade-offs to capture the multi-variable optimization challenges microprocessor architectures face. We analyze and compare the characteristics of STT-RAM, SRAM, and DRAM alternatives for various levels of the cache hierarchy in terms of reliability. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Static random access storage

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A comparative study among different kernel functions in flexible naïve Bayesian classification

A comparative study among different kernel functions in flex...

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2011 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, ICMLC 2011

作者： Liu, James N.K. He, Yu-Lin Wang, Xi-Zhao Hu, Yan-Xing Department of computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong Machine Learning Center Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Hebei University Baoding 071002 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457703065

When determining the class of the unknown example by using naïve Bayesian classifier, we need to estimate the class conditional probabilities for the continuous attributes. In flexible Bayesian classifier, the Gaussian kernel function is frequently used for classification task under the framework of Parzen window method. In this paper, the other six kernel functions (uniform, triangular, epanechnikov, biweight, triweight and cosine) are introduced in the flexible naïve Bayesian. The performances of these seven kernels are compared in 30 UCI datasets. The experimental comparisons are carried out according to the following three aspects: the classification accuracy, ranking performance and the class probability estimation. The latter two are measured by the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and the conditional log likelihood (CLL). The related kernels are compared via two-tailed t-test with a 95 percent confidence level and the Friedman's test using the 0.05 critical level. The experimental results show that the most commonly used Gaussian kernel can not achieve the best classification accuracy and AUC. However, on the CLL, the Gaussian kernel is statistically significantly better than the other six kernels. Finally, the corresponding analyses are given based on the experimental results. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Gaussian distribution

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The first facial expression recognition and analysis challenge

The first facial expression recognition and analysis challen...

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IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition

作者： Valstar, Michel F. Jiang, Bihan Mehu, Marc Pantic, Maja Scherer, Klaus Department of Computing Imperial College London United Kingdom Swiss Center for Affective Sciences University of Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424491407

Automatic Facial Expression Recognition and Analysis, in particular FACS Action Unit (AU) detection and discrete emotion detection, has been an active topic in computer science for over two decades. Standardisation and comparability has come some way;for instance, there exist a number of commonly used facial expression databases. However, lack of a common evaluation protocol and lack of sufficient details to reproduce the reported individual results make it difficult to compare systems to each other. This in turn hinders the progress of the field. A periodical challenge in Facial Expression Recognition and Analysis would allow this comparison in a fair manner. It would clarify how far the field has come, and would allow us to identify new goals, challenges and targets. In this paper we present the first challenge in automatic recognition of facial expressions to be held during the IEEE conference on Face and Gesture Recognition 2011, in Santa Barbara, California. Two sub-challenges are defined: one on AU detection and another on discrete emotion detection. It outlines the evaluation protocol, the data used, and the results of a baseline method for the two sub-challenges. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Dynamic video face transformation using multilinear and autoregressive models

Dynamic video face transformation using multilinear and auto...

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9th Theory and Practice of computer Graphics Conference, TPCG 2011

作者： Tiddeman, Bernard Hunter, David Perrett, David Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth University United Kingdom School of Psychology University of St. Andrews United Kingdom Welsh Research Institute of Visual Computing United Kingdom Unilever Research United Kingdom British Academy Wolfson United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783905673838

In this paper we present a prototype system for altering perceived attributes of faces in video sequences, such as the apparent age, sex or emotional state. The system uses multilinear models to decompose the parameters coding for each frame into separate pose and identity parameters. The multilinear model is learnt automatically from the training video data. Statistical models of group identity are then used to alter the identity parameters from one group to another (e.g. from male to female). An autoregressive model is learnt from the pose parameters, and this is applied to alter the dynamics. We have tested our system on a small dataset (for altering apparent gender) with encouraging preliminary results. © The Eurographics Association 2011.

关键词： Behavioral research

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Multimodal temporal panorama for moving vehicle detection and reconstruction

Multimodal temporal panorama for moving vehicle detection an...

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13th IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, ISM 2011

作者： Wang, Tao Zhu, Zhigang Taylor, Clark N. Visual Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science City College of New York New York NY 10031 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB 2241 Avionics Circle Dayton OH 45433-7302 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545899

In this work, we present a multimodal temporal panorama (MTP) representation that synchronizes visual, motion, and acoustic signatures of moving vehicles in the time axis. The MTP representation includes two layers: a synopsis layer and a snapshot layer. The temporal synopsis consists of 1) a panoramic view image (PVI) to represent vehicles' presence, which is constructed from 1D vertical detecting lines of a selected column location of all video frames, 2) an epipolar plane image (EPI) to characterize their motion (speeds and directions), generated from 1D horizontal scanning lines along the vehicles' moving paths, and 3) an audio wave scroll for visualizing moving vehicles' acoustic signatures. The MTP synopsis not only synchronizes all the three modalities (visual, motion and acoustic) of the vehicles, but also provides information that can perform automatic detection tasks including moving vehicle visual detection, motion estimation, and acoustic signature retrieval. Then in the snapshot layer, the occlusion-free, motion-blur-free, and view-invariant reconstruction of each vehicle (with both shape and motion information) and its acoustic signatures (e.g. spectrogram) are embedded. The MTP provides a very effective approach to (semi-)automatically labeling the multimodal data of uncontrolled traffic scenes in real time for further vehicle classification, check-point inspection and traffic analysis. The concept of MTP may not be only limited to visual, motion and audio modalities, it could also be applicable to other sensing modalities that can obtain data in the temporal domain. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicles

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Weighted locality-sensitive scheduling for mitigating noise on multi-core clusters

Weighted locality-sensitive scheduling for mitigating noise ...

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18th International Conference on High Performance computing, HiPC 2011

作者： Kale, Vivek Bhatele, Abhinav Gropp, William D. Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457719516

Recent studies have shown that operating system (OS) interference, popularly called OS noise can be a significant problem as we scale to a large number of processors. One solution for mitigating noise is to turn off certain OS services on the machine. However, this is typically infeasible because full-scale OS services may be required for some applications. Furthermore, it is not a choice that an end user can make. Thus, we need an application-level solution. Building upon previous work that demonstrated the utility of within-node light-weight load balancing, we discuss the technique of weighted micro-scheduling and provide insights based on experimentation for two different machines with very different noise signatures. Through careful enumeration of the search space of scheduler parameters, we allow our weighted micro-scheduler to be dynamic, adaptive and tunable for a specific application running on a specific architecture. By doing this, we show how we can enable running scientific applications efficiently on a very large number of processors, even in the presence of noise. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling

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Avoiding hot-spots on two-level direct networks

Avoiding hot-spots on two-level direct networks

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2011 International Conference for High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, SC11

作者： Bhatele, Abhinav Jain, Nikhil Gropp, William D. Kale, Laxmikant V. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Center for Applied Scientific Computing Livermore CA 94551 United States Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450307710

A low-diameter, fast interconnection network is going to be a prerequisite for building exascale machines. A two-level direct network has been proposed by several groups as a scalable design for future machines. IBM's PERCS topology and the dragonfly network discussed in the DARPA exascale hardware study are examples of this design. The presence of multiple levels in this design leads to hot-spots on a few links when processes are grouped together at the lowest level to minimize total communication volume. This is especially true for communication graphs with a small number of neighbors per task. Routing and mapping choices can impact the communication performance of parallel applications running on a machine with a two-level direct topology. This paper explores intelligent topology aware mappings of different communication patterns to the physical topology to identify cases that minimize link utilization. We also analyze the trade-offs between using direct and indirect routing with different mappings. We use simulations to study communication and overall performance of applications since there are no installations of two-level direct networks yet. This study raises interesting issues regarding the choice of job scheduling, routing and mapping for future machines. Copyright 2011 ACM.

关键词： Mapping

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Developing an Automated Mechanism for Cluster computing in computerized Classroom

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Procedia computer science 2011年 4卷 2068-2075页

作者： Shuen-Tai Wang Chin-Hung Li Hsi-Ya Chang Ying-Chuan Chen Ching-Hsien Hsu National Center for High-Performance Computing Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Hua UniversityTaiwan

Scientific computing has become one of the key players in the advance of modern science and technologies. In the meantime, due to the success of developments in processor fabrication, the computing power of Personal computer (PC) is not to be ignored as well. Lots of high throughput type of applications can be satisfied by using the current desktop PCs, especially for those in computerized classrooms, and leave the supercomputers for the demands from large scale high performance parallel computations. The goal of this work is to develop an automated mechanism for cluster computing to utilize the computing power such as resides in computerized classroom. The PCs in computerized classroom are usually setup for education and training purpose during the daytime, and shut down at night. After well deployment, these PCs can be transformed into a pre-configured cluster computing resource immediately without touching the existing education/training environment installed on these PCs. Thus, the training activities will not be affected by this additional activity to harvest idle computing cycles. To echo today's energy saving issues, a dynamic power management is also developed to minimize energy cost. This development not only greatly reduces the management efforts and time to build a cluster, but also implies the reduction of the power consumption by such a mechanism.

关键词： Personal computer cluster computing computerized classroom dynamic power management

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Report on the AAAI 2010 robot exhibition

Report on the AAAI 2010 robot exhibition

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作者： Anderson, Monica D. Chernova, Sonia Dodds, Zachary Thomaz, Andrea L. Touretzky, David S. Computer Science Department University of Alabama United States Robotics Engineering Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute United States Department of Computer Science Harvey Mudd College United States School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology United States Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition Carnegie Mellon University United States

The 19th robotics program at the annual AAAI conference was held in Atlanta, Georgia, in July 2010. In this article we give a summary of three components of the exhibition: the Small-Scale Manipulation Challenge: Robotic Chess;the Learning by Demonstration Challenge;and the Education Track. In each section we detail the challenge task. We also describe the participating teams, highlight the research questions they tackled, and briefly describe the systems they demonstrated. Copyright © 2011, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Exhibitions

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