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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Sun Hyung Kim Vladimir Fonov Joe Piven John Gilmore Clement Vachet Guido Gerig D. Louis Collins Martin Styner Departrnent of Psychiatry The IBIS Network Chapel Hill USA McConnell Brain Imaging Center Montreal Neurological Institute Montreal QC Canada Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill USA Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City USA Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441273

The degree of white matter (WM) myelination is rather inhomogeneous across the brain. As a consequence, white matter appears differently across the cortical lobes in MR images acquired during early postnatal development. At 1 year old specifically, the gray/white matter contrast of MR images in prefrontal and temporal lobes is limited and thus tissue segmentation results show commonly reduce accuracy in these lobes. In this novel work, we propose the use of spatial intensity growth maps (IGM) for T1 and T2 weighted image to compensate for local appearance inhomogeneity. The IGM captures expected intensity changes from 1 to 2 years of age, as appearance inhomogeneity is highly reduced by the age of 24 months. For that purpose, we employ MRI data from a large dataset of longitudinal (12 and 24 month old subjects) MR study of Autism. The IGM creation is based on automatically co-registered images at 12 months, corresponding registered 24 months images, and a final registration of all image to a prior average template. In template space, voxelwise correspondence is thus achieved and the IGM is computed as the coefficient of a voxelwise linear regression model between corresponding intensities at 1-year and 2-years. The proposed IGM shows low regression values of 1-10% in GM and CSF regions, as well as in WM regions at advanced stage of myelination at 1-year. However, in the prefrontal and temporal lobe we observed regression values of 20-25%, indicating that the IGM appropriately captures the expected large intensity change in these lobes due to *** IGM is applied to cross-sectional MRI datasets of 1-year old subjects via registration, correction and tissue segmentation of the corrected dataset. We validated our approach in a small study of images with known, manual “ground truth” segmentations. We furthermore present an EM-like optimization of adapting existing non-optimal prior atlas probability maps to fit known expert rater segmentations.

关键词： Image segmentation Magnetic resonance imaging Temporal lobe Nonhomogeneous media Manuals Optimization

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Cache-aware GPU memory scheduling scheme for CT back-projection

Cache-aware GPU memory scheduling scheme for CT back-project...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Ziyi Zheng Klaus Mueller Center of Visual Computing Computer Science Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

Graphic process units (GPUs) are well suited to computing-intensive tasks and are among the fastest solutions to perform Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction. As previous research shows, the bottleneck of GPU-implementation is not the computational power, but the memory bandwidth. We propose a cache-aware memory-scheduling scheme for the back-projection, which can ensure a better load-balancing between GPU processors and the GPU memory. The proposed reshuffling method can be directly applied on existing GPU-accelerated CT reconstruction pipelines. The experimental results show that our optimization can achieve speedup ranging from 1.18-1.48. Our cache-optimization method is particular effective for low-resolution volumes with high resolution projections.

关键词： Graphics processing unit Computed tomography Three dimensional displays Instruction sets Memory management Writing

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Distributed power management and control system for sustainable computing environments

Distributed power management and control system for sustaina...

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International Conference on Green computing

作者： Kurowski, Krzysztof Oleksiak, Ariel Witkowski, Michal Nabrzyski, Jarek Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center Applications Department Poznań Poland University of Notre Dame Center for Research Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Notre Dame IN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424476138

As the notion of Green computing becomes more popular in the IT world, new power saving features start to appear in both computer hardware and software. The difficulty of leveraging existing means of power management and control increases with the scale of operations, making a networked approach to the problem a necessity. In this paper we present the SMOA Devices architecture, a distributed solution for monitoring and management of power consumption in computer systems. We discuss its features and characteristics, and explain what makes it suitable for a broad range of power saving and management applications. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Modeling and planning collaboration using organizational constraints

Modeling and planning collaboration using organizational con...

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作者： Igler, Michael Moura, Paulo Faerber, Matthias Zeising, Michael Jablonski, Stefan Department of Applied Computer Science IV University of Bayreuth Germany Dep. of Computer Science University of Beira Interior Portugal Center for Research in Advanced Computing Systems INESC Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9780984589326

Process management systems play an important role for today's information systems. They coordinate the work items among employees and ensure the correct execution of processes. In this paper we focus on the organizational perspective of process management systems. This perspective is responsible for assigning people together with their roles within business organizations to process execution. A key issue in integrating the organizational perspective into processes is the strategy for selecting people to execute work steps. This assignment is the basis for collaboration among the people of an organization within a process-based application. We implemented our approach in ESProNa, a Logtalk application running in SWI-Prolog extended with the Thea library providing direct and complete support for OWL2 ontologies. The use of these languages allows the definition of comprehensive organizational constraints. We will cover both, the definition of these constraints in the process model, and their interpretation by the process execution engine. Further we will show how the organizational perspective impacts the order of process execution, i. e. the way of collaboration between the assigned people decisively. © 2010 ICST.

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A hybrid textual entailment system using lexical and syntactic features

A hybrid textual entailment system using lexical and syntact...

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IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics

作者： Pakray, Partha Bandyopadhyay, Sivaji Gelbukh, Alexander Computer Science and Engineering Department Jadavpur University Kolkata India Center for Computing Research National Polytechnic Institute Mexico City Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9781424480401

A two-way textual entailment (TE) recognition system that uses lexical and syntactic features has been described in this paper. Thehybrid TEsystem is based on the Support Vector Machine that uses twenty three features for lexical similarity and the output tag from a rule based syntactic two-way TE system as another feature. The important lexical features that areused in the present system are: WordNetbased unigram match, bigram match, longest c ommon s ub-sequence, s kip-gram, s temming, named entity matching and lexical distance. In the syntactic TE system, the important features used are:subject-subject comparison, subject-verb comarison, object-verb comparison and cross subject-verb comparison. The hybrid system has been developed using the collection of RTE-2 test annotated set, RTE-3 development set and RTE-3 test gold set that includes 2400 text-hypothesis p airs. Evaluation scores obtained on the RTE-4 test set (includes 1000 te xt-hypothesis pairs) show 55.30% precision and 58.40% recall for YES decisions and 55.93% precision and 52.80% recall for NO decisions. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Syntactics

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Automatic answer validation system on english language

Automatic answer validation system on english language

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International Conference on Advanced computer Theory and Engineering

作者： Pakray, Partha Pal, Santanu Bandyopadhyay, Sivaji Gelbukh, Alexander Computer Science and Engineering Department Jadavpur University Kolkata India Center for Computing Research National Polytechnic Institute Mexico City Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465408

We present an Answer Validation System (AV) based on Textual Entailment and Question Answering. The important features used to develop the AV system are Named Entity Recognition, Textual Entailment, Question-Answer type Analysis and Chunk Boundary and Dependency relations. Separate AV modules have been developed for each of these features. We first combine the question and the answer into Hypothesis (H) and the Supporting Text as Text (T) to check the entailment relation as either "VALIDA TED" or "REJECTED". The important lexical features used for the Textual Entailment Module in the present system are: WordNet based unigram match, bigram match and skip-gram. The results obtained from the four answer validation modules are integrated using a voting technique. Evaluation scores obtained on the AVE 2008 test set show 67% precision for "VALIDATED" decisions. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Text processing

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Dependency Parser based textual entailment system

Dependency Parser based textual entailment system

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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542256

The development of a parser based textual entailment system that is based on comparing the dependency relations in both the text and the hypothesis has been reported. The textual entailment system uses the CCG Parser and the Stanford Parser. The Dependency Parser has been run on the 2-way Parser Training and Evaluation (PETE) (SemEval-2010 Evaluation Exercises on Semantic Evaluation Task 12 Parser Evaluation using Textual Entailment) trial set and the dependency relations obtained for a text and hypothesis pair has been compared. Some of the important comparisons are: subject-verb comparison, subject-subject comparison, object-verb comparison and cross subject-verb comparison. Each of the matches is assigned some weight learned from the PETE trial set corpus. A threshold has been set on the fraction of matching hypothesis relations for YES entailment decision based on the PETE trial set. The threshold score has been applied on the PETE test set using the same methods of dependency parsing followed by comparisons. Evaluation scores for Run 1 (CCG Parser output), obtained on the test set show 58.19% precision and 45.51% recall for YES decisions and 52.51% precision and 64.82% recall for NO decisions. Evaluation scores for Run 2 (Stanford Parser output), obtained on the test set show 55.68% precision and 59.61% recall for YES decisions and 52.23% precision and 48.61% recall for NO decisions. Evaluation scores for Run 3 (combining the output from CCG parser and Stanford Parser), obtained on the test set show 57.14% precision and 74.35% recall for YES decisions and 59.18% precision and 40% recall for NO decisions. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Recognizing textual entailment with statistical methods

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2nd Mexican Conference on Pattern Recognition, MCPR 2010

作者： Ríos Gaona, Miguel Angel Gelbukh, Alexander Bandyopadhyay, Sivaji Center for Computing Research National Polytechnic Institute Mexico Computer Science & Engineering Department Jadavpur University Kolkata700 032 India

ISBN: (纸本)9783642159916

In this paper we propose a new cause-effect non-symmetric measure applied to the task of Recognizing Textual *** we searched over a big corpus for sentences which contains the discourse marker "because" and collected cause-effect pairs. The entailment recognition is based on measure the cause-effect relation between the text and the hypothesis using the relative frequencies of words from the cause-effect pairs. Our measure outperformed the baseline method, over the three test sets of the PASCAL Recognizing Textual Entailment Challenges (RTE). The measure shows to be good at discriminate over the "true" class. Therefore we develop a meta-classifier using a symmetric measure and a non-symmetric measure as base classifiers. So, our meta-classifier has a competitive performance. © 2010, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Text processing

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Textual entailment and Anaphora resolution

Textual entailment and Anaphora resolution

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International Conference on Advanced computer Theory and Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465408

Textual entailment has been recently defined as a common solution for modeling language variability in different NLP tasks. Textual Entailment is formally defined as a relationship between a coherent text T and a language expression, the hypothesis H. T is said to entail H (T → H) if the meaning of H can be inferred from the meaning of T. An entailment/unction e(T,H) thus maps an entailment pair T-H to a true value (i.e., true if the relationship holds,/alse otherwise). Alternatively, e(T,H) can be also intended as a probabilistic function mapping the pair T-H to a real value between 0 and 1, expressing the confidence with which a human judge or an automatic system estimate the relationship to hold. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Robustness of glycolysis in yeast to internal and external noise

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Physical Review E 2011年第2期84卷 021913-021913页

作者： Eva Gehrmann Christine Gläßer Yaochu Jin Bernhard Sendhoff Barbara Drossel Kay Hamacher Institut für Festkörperphysik TU Darmstadt Hochschulstraße 6 D-64289 Darmstadt Germany Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (IBIS) Ingolstädter Landstraße 1 D-85764 Neuherberg Germany Department of Computing University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH United Kingdom Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH Carl-Legien-Straße 30 D-63073 Offenbach/Main Germany Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science TU Darmstadt Schnittspahnstraße 10 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany

Glycolysis is one of the most essential intracellular networks, found in a wide range of organisms. Due to its importance and due to its wide industrial applications, many experimental studies on all details of this process have been performed. Until now, however, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive investigation of the robustness of this important process with respect to internal and external noise. To close this gap, we applied two complementary and mutually supporting approaches to a full-scale model of glycolysis in yeast: (a) a linear stability analysis based on a generalized modeling that deals only with those effective parameters of the system that are relevant for its stability, and (b) a numerical integration of the rate equations in the presence of noise, which accounts for imperfect mixing. The results suggest that the occurrence of metabolite oscillations in part of the parameter space is a side effect of the optimization of the system for maintaining a constant adenosine triphosphate level in the face of a varying energy demand and of fluctuations in the parameters and metabolite concentrations.

关键词： Yeast

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