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New policies and strategies to tackle HIV/aids in China

Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第7期125卷 1331-1337页

作者： ZHAO Yan Katharine E.Poundstone Julio Montaner WU Zun-you Division of Treatment and Care National Center for AIDS/STD Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Over the past decade, China has made remarkable progress in promoting universal access to HIV prevention, treatment and care and support. As a result, overall aids mortality among treatment eligible patients dropped 63.9% between 2002 and 2009. However, many key challenges remain in the early identification of HIV-positive individuals and timely provision of antiretroviral treatment （ART）. To address these challenges, the Chinese government has taken steps to translate the latest scientific research findings into its newly issued national aids policy and strategy. China＇s recent adoption of ＂Treatment as prevention＂ to reduce HIV incidence and HIV/aids related morbidity and mortality is intended to held achieve the United Nations Millennium Develooment Goals by 2015.

关键词： acquired immune deficiency syndrome policy strategy

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Reliability and Validity of Chinese Version of the Addiction Severity Index among Drug Users in the Community

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期25卷 684-689页

作者： LUO Wei GUO Cai Xia HAN De Lin LI Zhi Jun National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Division of Cardiology Beo'ing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Division of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu 610000 Sichuan China

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of a new Chinese version of the Addiction Severity Index （ASI-C） in drug users in the community. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one drug users in the community in Chengdu, Sichuan province were recruited. They were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of the ASI-C revised on the basis of the previous Chinese version and 38 were interviewed for the second time at an interval of 7 days to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results Cronbach＇s c~ coefficients for the internal consistency of the scale varied from 0.49 to 0.86. Test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. Criterion validity was found acceptable, as compared with the Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）. Conclusion The ASI-C presented acceptable reliability and validity in a sample of drug users in the community.

关键词： Addiction severity index Chinese version Reliability Validity Community

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What we are watching-five top global infectious disease threats, 2012: A perspective from CDC's global disease detection operations center

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Emerging Health Threats Journal 2013年第1期6卷 103402/ehtjv6i020632-103402/ehtjv6i020632页

作者： Christian, Kira A. Ijaz, Kashef Dowell, Scott F. Chow, Catherine C. Chitale, Rohit A. Bresee, Joseph S. Mintz, Eric Pallansch, Mark A. Wassilak, Steven McCray, Eugene Arthur, Ray R. Division of Global Disease Detection and Emergency Response Center for Global Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Influenza Division National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Division of Foodborne Waterborne and Enteric Diseases National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Division of Viral Diseases National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Global Immunization Division Center for Global Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Division of Tuberculosis Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Division of Integrated Biosurveillance Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center US Department of Defense Silver Spring MD United States

Disease outbreaks of international public health importance continue to occur regularly;detecting and tracking significant new public health threats in countries that cannot or might not report such events to the global health community is a challenge. The centers for Disease control and prevention's (CDC) Global Disease Detection (GDD) Operations center, established in early 2007, monitors infectious and noninfectious public health events to identify new or unexplained global public health threats and better position CDC to respond, if public health assistance is requested or required. At any one time, the GDD Operations center actively monitors approximately 30-40 such public health threats;here we provide our perspective on five of the top global infectious disease threats that we were watching in 2012: (1) avian influenza A (H5N1), (2) cholera, (3) wild poliovirus, (4) enterovirus-71, and (5) extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. © 2013 Kira A. Christian et al.

关键词： CDC Disease detection Emergency response Epidemic intelligence Epidemiology Global health

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Erratum to: Correlates of health attitudes among homosexual and bisexual men

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Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013年第4期3卷 293-293页

作者： Gust, Deborah A. Shinde, Sanjyot Pals, Sherri L. Hardnett, Felicia Chen, Robert T. Sanchez, Travis Epidemiology Branch Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA Center for Global Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA

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Pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected women receiving long-term isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapy

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Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第1期2013卷 1-5页

作者： Taylor, Allan W. Mosimaneotsile, Barudi Mathebula, Unami Mathoma, Anikie Moathlodi, Ritah Theebetsile, Irene Samandari, Taraz Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 1600 Clifton Road NE MS E-45 United States BOTUSA CDA Gaborone and Francistown Gaborone Plot 14818 Lebatlane Road Phase One Botswana Division of Tuberculosis Elimination CDC Mailstop E-45 Atlanta GA 30333 1600 Clifton Road NE United States

Objective. While 6- to 12-month courses of isoniazid for tuberculosis prevention are considered safe in pregnant women, the effects of longer-term isoniazid prophylaxis or isoniazid in combination with antiretroviral therapy (ART) are not established in human-immunodeficiency-virus-(HIV-) infected women who experience pregnancy during the course of therapy. Design. Nested study of pregnancy outcomes among HIV-infected women participating in a placebo-controlled, TB-prevention trial using 36 months daily isoniazid. Pregnancy outcomes were collected by interview and record review. Results. Among 196 pregnant women, 103 (52.6%) were exposed to isoniazid during pregnancy;all were exposed to antiretroviral drugs. Prior to pregnancy they had received a median of 341 days (range 1-1095) of isoniazid. We observed no isoniazid-associated hepatitis or other severe isoniazid-associated adverse events in the 103 women. Pregnancy outcomes were 132 term live births, 42 premature births, 11 stillbirths, 8 low birth weight, 6 spontaneous abortions, 4 neonatal deaths, and 1 congenital abnormality. In a multivariable model, neither isoniazid nor ART exposure during pregnancy was significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcome (adjusted odds ratios 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3-1.1 and 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.6, resp.). Conclusions. Long-term isoniazid prophylaxis was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery, even in the context of ART exposure. © 2013 Allan W. Taylor et al.

关键词： TUBERCULOSIS PREGNANT women ANTIVIRAL agents HIV-positive women OBSTETRICS PREGNANCY

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MODELING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DRUG RESISTANCES UNDER CHINA^S ＂FOUR-FREE-ONE-CARE POLICY＂

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2012年第5期5卷 1-19页

作者： JIE LOU LINGCHEN BU ESTHER HAN YUHUA RUAN HUI XING YIMING SHAO Department of Mathematics Shanghai University99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200~ P. R. China Texas College of Osteopathic MedicineUniversity of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth TX USA State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention andNational Center for AIDS//STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 155 Changbai Road Changping District Beijing 102206 P. R. China

We propose a mathematical model to evaluate the effect of China＇s ＂Four-Free-One-Care Policy＂ in MSM population in Beijing. We divided the drug resistant H[V patients into two sub-populations： primary drug resistance and secondary drug resistance. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis based on Latin Hypercube Sampling （LHS） were used for these thresholds of our model. We find that drug-resistant HIV will spread fast in MSM population under China＇s current treatment policy. Especially＇, primary-resistant strain is very likely to dominate the HIV positive MSM individuals after 10 years. The conclusions hint that, China＇s outlook on HIV infections is not optimistic if sufficient kinds free second-line drugs in China cannot be put into use in the near future.

关键词： HIV Latin Hypercube Sampling primary drug resistance secondary drugresistance.

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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Risks in Female Sex Workers in the China-vietnam Border County of Hekou

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期25卷 706-710页

作者： WANG Jun Jie ZHU Zhi Bin YANG Xi WU Jing WANG Hai BO FENG Lin DING Guo Wei Jessie L. NORRIS WANG Ning National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206 China Hekou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hekou 661300 Yunnan China Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Kunming 650022 China

Objective To survey the prevalence and risk factors of HSV-2 among Chinese and Vietnamese female sex workers （FSW） in the border county of Hekou, Yunnan Province, China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on demographics, sexual behavior, medical history, and drug use among FSWs. Laboratory samples were obtained to test for HSV-2 and other STIs such as HIV, Syphilis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Bacterial vaginosis, and Yeast infections. Cervicitis and genital warts were also diagnosed. Results Of the 345 FSWs who participated in this study, 112 （32.5%） were ethnic Chinese and 233 （67.5） were Vietnamese. Among FSWs in Hekou, the prevalence rates were 58.3% for HSV-2, 5.5% for HIV, and 4.1% for bacterial vaginosis （BV）. Age 〈21 （OR： 0.5; 95% CI： 0.3, 0.8）, duration of commercial sex work 〈3 months （OR： 0.5; 95% CI： 0.3, 0.8）, oral and vaginal sex with the last client （as opposed to only vaginal sex）（OR： 1.6; 95% CI： 1.0, 2.7）, HIV （OR： 11.4; 95% Cl： 1.5, 87.2）, and bacterial vaginosis （BV）（OR 5.6; 95% CI： 1.2, 26.9） were significantly correlated with HSV-2 infection. Conclusion Multivariate analysis showed that several factors were significantly correlated with the high prevalence of HSV-2 in FSWs in the border area between China and Vietnam. Further studies and interventions are needed for HSV-2 epidemiology in the border area.

关键词： China Vietnam Female sex workers HSV-2

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1474Genotypic Characterization ofpncAGene in Patients with Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis from South Africa

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2014年第SUPPL_1期1卷 S389–S389页

作者： Allana, Salim Mathema, Barun Brust, James Mthiyane, Thuli Mlisana, Koleka Moodley, Pravi Shah, Sarita Gandhi, Neel Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York NY Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY Microbiology Virology Research University of KwaZulu Natal Durban South Africa MMedMicro Department of Medical Microbiology University of KwaZulu-Natal and National Health Laboratory Service Durban South Africa Department of Virology University of KwaZulu-Natal and National Health Laboratory Service Durban South Africa International Research and Program Branch Division of TB Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA Epidemiology and Global Health Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA

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Preferential CTL targeting of Gag is associated with relative viral control in long-term surviving HIV-1 infected former plasma donors from China

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细胞研究（英文版） 2012年第5期22卷 903-914页

作者： Mingming Jia Kunxue Hong Jianping Chen Yuhua Ruan Zhe Wang Bing Su Guoliang Ren Xiaoqing Zhang Zhen Liu Quanbi Zhao Dan Li Hong Peng Marcus Altfeld Bruce D Walker Xu G Yu Yiming Shao State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Center for AIDS/STD Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Ragon Institute of MGH MIT and Harvard Charlestown MA 02129 USA Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhengzhou Henan 450016 China Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hefei Anhui 230061 China

It is generally believed that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a critical role in limiting the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and in determining the outcome of the infection, and th... 详细信息

It is generally believed that CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a critical role in limiting the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and in determining the outcome of the infection, and this effect may partly depend on which HIV product is preferentially targeted. To address the correlation between HIV-1-specific CTL responses and virus replication in a cohort of former plasma donors (FPDs), 143 antiretroviral therapy naive FPDs infected with HIV-1 clade B' strains were assessed for HIV-1-specific CTL responses with an IFN-γ Elispot assay at single peptide level by using overlapping peptides (OLPs) covering the whole consensus clade B proteome. By using a Spearman's rank correlation analysis, we found that the proportion of Gag-specific CTL responses among the total virus-specific CTL activity was inversely correlated with viral loads while being positively correlated to CD4 counts, as opposed to Pol- and Env-specific responses that were associated with increased viral loads and decreased CD4 counts. In addition, Vpr-specifc CTL responses showed a similar protective effect with Gag responses, but with a much lower frequency of recognition. Significantly, we also observed an association between HLA-A^*30/B^*13/Cw^*06 haplotype and lower viral loads that was probably due to restricted Gag-specific CTL responses. Thus, our data demonstrate the prominent role of Gag-specific CTL responses in disease control. The advantage of HLA-A^*30/B^*13/Cw^*06 haplotype in viral control may be associated with the contribution of Gag-specific CTL responses in the studied individuals.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cytotoxic T lymphocytes human leukocyte antigen class Ⅰ Gag

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Outcomes and Progress of the China National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program

Outcomes and Progress of the China National Free Antiretrovi...

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第二十四次中国科技论坛——HIV治愈高层论坛

作者： Fujie Zhang From the National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China

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