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作者： Byrne, William Doermann, David Franz, Martin Gustman, Samuel Hajič, Jan Oard, Douglas Picheny, Michael Psutka, Josef Ramabhadran, Bhuvana Soergel, Dagobert Ward, Todd Zhu, Wei-Jing Ctr. for Lang. and Speech Processing Department of Electrical Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 United States Inst. for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Natural Language Systems Department IBM T. J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY 10598 United States Survivors Shoah Vis. Hist. Found. Los Angeles CA 90078 United States Inst. of Formal/Applied Linguistics Center for Computational Linguistics Charles University CZ-11800 Prague 1 Czech Republic Inst. for Advanced Computer Studies College of Information Studies University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Hum. Lang. Technologies Department IBM T. J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY 10598 United States Department of Cybernetics Center for Computational Linguistics University of West Bohemia CZ-30614 Pilsen Czech Republic College of Information Studies University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

Much is known about the design of automated systems to search broadcast news, but it has only recently become possible to apply similar techniques to large collections of spontaneous speech. This paper presents initial results from experiments with speech recognition, topic segmentation, topic categorization, and named entity detection using a large collection of recorded oral histories. The work leverages a massive manual annotation effort on 10 000 h of spontaneous speech to evaluate the degree to which automatic speech recognition (ASR)-based segmentation and categorization techniques can be adapted to approximate decisions made by human annotators. ASR word error rates near 40% were achieved for both English and Czech for heavily accented, emotional and elderly spontaneous speech based on 65-84 h of transcribed speech. Topical segmentation based on shifts in the recognized English vocabulary resulted in 80% agreement with manually annotated boundary positions at a 0.35 false alarm rate. Categorization was considerably more challenging, with a nearest-neighbor technique yielding F = 0.3. This is less than half the value obtained by the same technique on a standard newswire categorization benchmark, but replication on human-transcribed interviews showed that ASR errors explain little of that difference. The paper concludes with a description of how these capabilities could be used together to search large collections of recorded oral histories.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Radial state space vector modulation-a new space vector technique for reducing DC link capacitor harmonic currents in three level converters

Radial state space vector modulation-a new space vector tech...

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Conference Record of the IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)

作者： A. Bendre G. Venkataramanan Advanced Development Group DRS Power and Control Technologies Inc. Milwaukee WI USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA

Three level diode clamped converters exhibit significant low frequency harmonics in the neutral point current with classical modulation methods. A new space vector strategy that eliminates low frequency ripple from the DC link capacitors of a three level converter is proposed in this paper. The strategy redistributes the duty cycles of six states in the three level switching state diagram onto two adjacent states. States where each phase is connected to three separate DC levels are not chosen. This modified modulation method eliminates the low frequency harmonic content from the DC link capacitors with cost and size benefits.

关键词： State-space methods Capacitors Frequency conversion Space technology Power system harmonics Diodes Switching converters Capacitance Hardware Voltage

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Modeling and design of a neutral point regulator for a three level diode clamped rectifier

Modeling and design of a neutral point regulator for a three...

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Conference Record of the IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)

This paper proposes a novel neutral point voltage regulator for a three level diode clamped rectifier, which uses a fast space vector modulator in conjunction with a sharing function controller for neutral point regulation. Redundant state choices are controlled via a continuous sharing function, and small signal models are developed for closed loop regulators with this sharing function as the control variable. A significant improvement is seen in the voltage distortion at the neutral point when the regulator is used and this leads to a definitive reduction in the required DC bus capacitance.

关键词： Regulators Diodes Rectifiers Voltage control control systems Inverters Space technology Capacitance Electric variables control electrical equipment industry

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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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Refinement of balancing order reduction techniques using Kessler's formula

Refinement of balancing order reduction techniques using Kes...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： Z. Gajic M. Lelic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA Advanced Control Systems Photonic Technologies Corning Inc.orporated Corning NY USA

We present a methodology using Kessler's formula that potentially improves the system order reduction techniques based on system balancing. The formula is simple and easy to use. We show how to refine the balancing order reduction techniques for single-input single-output systems by using Kessler's formula that produces the equivalent time constant of the neglected part of the system. Using Kessler's formula all the neglected stable system time constants, either fast or slow, can be approximated by only one time constant, which preserves valuable information about the neglected part of the system. The balancing truncation and residualization techniques can be improved by adding in parallel a first order equivalent fast system that approximates the neglected fast dynamics, and the reversed residualization techniques can be improved by adding in parallel a first-order slow system that approximates the neglected slow subsystem.

关键词： control systems Linear systems Transfer functions Poles and zeros Observability controllability Reduced order systems Three-term control Frequency Steady-state

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Performance analysis of the CORBA notification service

Performance analysis of the CORBA notification service

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Reliable Distributed Systems

作者： S. Ramani K.S. Trivedi B. Dasarathy Center of Advanced Computing and Communication Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA Telcordia Technologies Inc. Morristown NJ USA

As CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) gains popularity as a standard for portable, distributed, object-oriented computing, the need for a CORBA messaging solution is being increasingly felt. This led the Object Management Group (OMQ) to specify a Notification Service that aims to provide a more flexible and robust messaging solution than the earlier Event Service. The Notification Service provides several configurable quality of service (QoS) and administrative settings that deal with issues such as reliability, event (message) delivery order and discard policies. Unlike in conventional queuing systems, some Notification Service QoS configurations can lead to discards from within the internal queues, requiring careful analysis and configuration if such discards are to be avoided or minimized. This paper presents stochastic models (based on continuous time Markov chains and queuing theory) to analyze the Notification Service delivery and discard policies in detail.

关键词： Performance analysis Queueing analysis Quality of service Stochastic processes Distributed computing Portable computers Object oriented modeling computer architecture computer industry Message service

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Reliable messaging using the CORBA Notification Service

Reliable messaging using the CORBA Notification Service

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International Symposium on Distributed Objects and Applications

作者： S. Ramani B. Dasarathy K.S. Trivedi Center for Advanced Computing and Communication Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA Telcordia Technologies Inc. Morristown NJ USA

With the growing popularity of the CORBA architecture as a distributed computing infrastructure standard, the need for a reliable CORBA messaging solution is being increasingly felt. The Event Service, which is the first such solution, provides inadequate event delivery guarantees and lacks many important features such as configurable quality of service and filtering. A Notification Service has since been specified to address these shortcomings and to extend the Event Service functionality. This paper briefly looks at the features of the Notification Service and explains in detail the Notification Service support for reliable messaging. The highest event delivery guarantee possible with the CORBA Notification Service is deduced and the delivery semantics provided is examined. A framework for architecting reliable messaging systems using the CORBA Notification Service is proposed. The performance of the Notification Service is analyzed to determine the performance penalty, for increased reliability, and the effect of event size, number of clients and filtering on throughput.

关键词： Quality of service computer crashes Filtering computer architecture Distributed computing Performance analysis Throughput Finance Queueing analysis Monitoring

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Building a reliable message delivery system using the CORBA event service

Building a reliable message delivery system using the CORBA ...

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IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2000

作者： Ramani, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Balakrishnan Trivedi, Kishor S. Center for Advanced Computing and Communication Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27708-0291 United States Telcordia Technologies 445 South Street MorristownNJ07960 United States

ISBN: (纸本)354067442X

In this paper we study the suitability of the CORBA Event Service as a reliable message delivery mechanism. We first show that products built to the CORBA Event Service specification will not guarantee against loss of messages or guarantee order. This is not surprising, as the CORBA Event Service specification does not deal with Quality of Service (QoS) and monitoring issues. The CORBA Notification Service, although it provides much of the QoS features, may not be an option. Therefore, we examine application-level reliability schemes to build a reliable communication means over the existing CORBA Event Service. Our end-to-end reliability schemes are applicable to management applications where state resynchronization is possible and sufficient. The reliability schemes proposed provide resilience in the face of failures of the supplier, consumer, and the Event Service processes. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000.

关键词： Common object request broker architecture (CORBA)

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Design of a parallel-type gripper powered by pneumatic actuators

Design of a parallel-type gripper powered by pneumatic actua...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： B.-J. Yi H.Y. Ra J.H. Lee Y.S. Hong J.S. Park S.-R. Oh I.H. Suh W.K. Kim School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Hanyang University South Korea Advanced Robotics Research Center KIST South Korea Intelligent System Control Research Center KIST South Korea Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering Korea University South Korea

A new parallel gripping mechanism is proposed in this work. This device has a parallelogramic platform which can be flexibly folded. Therefore, this mechanism not only can be used to grasp an object having irregular shape or large volume, but also can be utilized as micro-positioning device after grasping the object. Forward position analysis and platform kinematics are investigated to deal with motion tracking and force control. Pneumatic rotator is employed for actuation and a compact sized, 4/3 way proportional pressure valve is also developed to deal with feedback-based dynamic control. The pressure valve also allows indirect force control by measuring the offset pressure occurring due to contact between the grasped object and the parallel platform. In experimental work, performances of the motion tracking and indirect force control are shown satisfactory.

关键词： Grippers Pneumatic actuators Force control Tracking Valves Shape Kinematics Motion analysis Pressure control Size control

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Using front and back information for tight vehicle following maneuvers

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 1999年第1期48卷 319-328页

作者： Y. Zhang B. Kosmatopoulos P.A. Ioannou C.C. Chien Center for Advanced Transportation Technologies Department of Electrical Engineering Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Electronics Control Division of Information Storage Opto-Electrons System Laboratory Industrial Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan

During manual driving, most human drivers often use information about the speed and position of the preceding and following vehicles in order to adjust the position and speed of their vehicles. The purpose of this paper is to design an autonomous intelligent cruise control (AICC) which mimics this human driving behavior. The proposed AICC law uses relative speed and spacing information from the preceding and following vehicles in order to choose the proper control action for smooth vehicle following and for maintaining a desired intervehicle spacing specified by the driver. The vehicle stability and platoon stability (in the case of multiple vehicles) in both directions (backward and forward) are guaranteed by the proposed AICC law. Furthermore, platoon stability is guaranteed for a speed-dependent desired spacing (time headway approach) as well as for a constant desired spacing at all speeds.

关键词： Intelligent control Intelligent vehicles Remotely operated vehicles Mobile robots Vehicle driving Stability Vehicle safety Automatic control Humans control systems

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