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Attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammatory events in BV-2 microglial cells by Moringa oleifera leaf extract

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第3期9卷 109-115页

作者： Gothai Sivaprakasam Palanivel Ganesan Katyakyini Muniandy Shin-Young Park Duk-Yeon Cho Joon-So Kim Palanisamy Arulselvan Dong-Kug Choi Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Biomedical Chemistry College of Biomedical & Health Science Konkuk University Nanotechnology Research Center Konkuk University Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt.Ltd. Periyar Technology Business Incubator Muthayammal Centre for Advanced Research Muthayammal College of Arts and Science Department of Biotechnology College of Biomedical and Health Science Konkuk University

Objective: To determine the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of Moringa oleifera leaf extract(MLE) under lipopolysaccharide stimulation of mouse murine microglia BV2 cells in vitro. Methods: The cytotoxicity effect of MLE was investigated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The inflammatory response of BV-2 cells were induced with lipopolysaccharide. The generation of nitric oxide levels was determined by using Griess assay and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) was evaluated by ELISA kit. The expression of iNOS, COX-2 as well as IκB-ααwas carried out by immunoblot analysis. Results: MLE reduced the nitric oxide production in concentration-dependent manner, and maintained the viability of BV-2 microglial cells which indicated absence of toxicity. In addition, MLE repressed the activation of nuclear factor kappa B by arresting the deterioration of IκB-α, consequently resulted in suppression of cytokines expression such as COX-2 and iNOS. Conclusions: MLE inhibitory activities are associated with the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B transcriptional activity in BV2 microglial cells. Thus MLE may offer a substantial treatment for neuroinflammatory diseases.

关键词： Moringa oleifera leaf extract BV2 microglial cells Neuro-inflammation Pro-inflammatory cytokines NF-κB signaling pathway

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Synergistic catalysis of graphitic carbon nitride and dichromate for augmented oxidative polymerization of hydroquinone leading to enhanced humic-like substance formation

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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2023年 153卷

作者： Ahmed, M.M.M. Liu, Yu-Ting Nail, H.M. Venkatesan, S. Tzou, Der-Lii M. Jien, Shih-Hao Wu, Min Chien Lin, Ming-Chang Wang, Hui-Min David Chen, Jiann-Yeu Yu-minTzou Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd. Taichung 402204 Taiwan Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd. Taichung 402204 Taiwan Graduate institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd. Taichung 402204 Taiwan Department of Chemistry School of Science and Humanities Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research Vadlamudi Andhra Pradesh Guntur 522 213 India Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Nangang Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (ICAST) National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Rd. Taichung 402204 Taiwan

Background: Humic substances (HS) originate from organic matter decomposition, primarily through polyphenol polymerization (known as the browning reaction). The slow reaction kinetics have posed challenges in studying the catalytic oxidation of polyphenols by metal oxides. A substantial knowledge gap persists regarding the role of metal oxides and other catalysts in polyphenol polymerization. Method: Herein, we focused on the oxidative polymerization of hydroquinone (HQ) using potassium dichromate (Cr₂O₇²⁻) to accelerate reaction rates and gain insights into HS formation. Moreover, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) was introduced as an N-doping compound with a substantial surface area and Lewis base properties, enriching the N source and promoting π-π interactions. Significant findings: The addition of g-C₃N₄ to the metal oxide systems tripled reaction rates, enhanced browning reactions, and complex stability. Furthermore, it improved HS surface morphology and particle size, with g-C₃N₄'s electron transfer capabilities facilitating the in-situ HQ oxidation. Empirical data and theoretical calculations demonstrated that the g-C₃N₄…HQ…Cr₂O₇²⁻ complex exhibits greater binding energy than HQ… Cr₂O₇²⁻, explaining the accelerated reaction kinetics. Post-reaction ¹³C NMR spectra confirmed the predicted HS spectra. This work highlights g-C₃N₄'s catalytic role in HQ oxidative polymerization and HS generation, shedding light on abiotic humification and environmental implications. © 2023

关键词： Graphitic carbon nitride Humic substance Phenol oxidation Potassium dichromate Redox reaction

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Protection of a Qubit via Subradiance: A Josephson Quantum Filter

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Physical Review Applied 2020年第1期13卷 014051-014051页

作者： Kazuki Koshino Shingo Kono Yasunobu Nakamura College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Ichikawa Chiba 272-0827 Japan RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan

The coupling between a superconducting qubit and a control line inevitably results in radiative decay of the qubit into the line. We propose a Josephson quantum filter (JQF), which protects the data qubit (DQ) from radiative decay through the control line without reducing the gate speed on the DQ. The JQF consists of a qubit strongly coupled to the control line of the DQ and its working principle is a subradiance effect that is characteristic of waveguide quantum electrodynamics setups. The JQF is a passive circuit element and is therefore suitable for integration in a scalable superconducting qubit system.

关键词： Josephson effect Quantum gates Quantum information with solid state qubits Superconducting quantum optics Superradiance & subradiance Superconducting qubits Waveguides Microwave techniques

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Impacts of overlapping gravitational-wave signals on the parameter estimation: Toward the search for cosmological backgrounds

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Physical Review D 2021年第4期104卷 044010-044010页

作者： Yoshiaki Himemoto Atsushi Nishizawa Atsushi Taruya Department of Liberal Arts and Basic Sciences College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Narashino Chiba 275-8576 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU) School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Center for Gravitational Physics Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe Todai Institutes for Advanced Study (Kavli IPMU WPI) The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8583 Japan

Third-generation gravitational wave detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, will detect a bunch of gravitational-wave (GW) signals originating from the coalescence of binary neutron star (BNS) and binary black hole (BBH) systems out to higher redshifts, z∼5–10. There is a potential concern that some of the GW signals detected at a high statistical significance eventually overlap with each other, and the parameter estimation of such an overlapping system can differ from the one expected from a single event. Also, there are certainly overlapping systems in which one of the overlapping events has a low signal-to-noise ratio ≲4, and is thus unable to be clearly detected. Those systems will potentially be misidentified with a single GW event, and the estimated parameters of binary GWs can be biased. We estimate the occurrence rate of those overlapping events. We find that the numbers of overlapping events are ∼200 per day for BNSs and a few per hour for BBHs. Then we study the statistical impacts of these overlapping GWs on a parameter estimation based on the Fisher matrix analysis. Our finding is that the overlapping signals produce neither large statistical errors nor serious systematic biases on the parameters of binary systems, unless the coalescence time and the redshifted chirp masses of the two overlapping GWs are very close to each other, i.e., |Mz1−Mz2|≲10−4(10−1) M⊙ and |tc1−tc2|≲10−2(10−1) s for BNSs (BBHs). The occurrence rate of such a closely overlapping event is shown to be much smaller than one per year with the third-generation detectors.

关键词： Gravitational wave detection Gravitational waves

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First Pulsar Polarization Array Limits on Ultralight Axion-like Dark Matter

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xue, Xiao Dai, Shi Luu, Hoang Nhan Liu, Tao Ren, Jing Shu, Jing Zhao, Yue Zic, Andrew Bhat, N.D. Ramesh Chen, Zu-Cheng Feng, Yi Hobbs, George Kapur, Agastya Manchester, Richard N. Mandow, Rami Mishra, Saurav Reardon, Daniel J. Russell, Christopher J. Shannon, Ryan M. Wang, Shuangqiang Zhang, Lei Zhang, Songbo Zhu, Xingjiang The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain II. Institute of Theoretical Physics Universität Hamburg Hamburg22761 Germany Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr. 85 Hamburg22607 Germany Australia Telescope National Facility CSIRO Space and Astronomy PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Donostia International Physics Center Basque Country UPV/EHU San SebastianE-48080 Spain Department of Physics Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing100871 China Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center Beijing Huairou101400 China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research Curtin University BentleyWA6102 Australia Department of Physics Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Hunan Changsha410081 China Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan Normal University Hunan Changsha410081 China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Zhejiang Hangzhou311121 China Department of Physics and Astronomy MQ Research Centre in Astronomy Astrophysics and Astrophotonics Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Astronomy CSIRO Scientific Computing Australian Technology Park Locked Bag 9013 AlexandriaNSW1435 Australia Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinjiang Urumqi830011 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Dat

We conduct the first-ever Pulsar Polarization Array (PPA) analysis to detect the ultralight Axion-Like Dark Matter (ALDM) using the polarization data of 22 millisecond pulsars from the third data release of Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. As one of the major dark matter candidates, the ultralight ALDM exhibits a pronounced wave nature on astronomical scales and offers a promising solution to small-scale structure issues within local galaxies. While the linearly polarized pulsar light travels through the ALDM galactic halo, its position angle (PA) can be subject to an oscillation induced by the ALDM Chern-Simons coupling with electromagnetic field. The PPA is thus especially suited for detecting the ultralight ALDM by correlating polarization data across the arrayed pulsars. To accomplish this task, we develop an advanced Bayesian analysis framework that allows us to construct pulsar PA residual time series, model noise contributions properly and search for pulsar cross-correlations. We find that for an ALDM density of ρ0 = 0.4 GeV/cm3, the Parkes PPA offers the best global limits on the ALDM Chern-Simons coupling, namely 10−13.5 − 10−12.2 GeV−1, for the mass range of 10−22 − 10−21 eV. The crucial role of pulsar cross-correlation in recognizing the nature of the derived limits is also highlighted. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dark Matter

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Circularly polarized array antenna using the sequential rotation network feeding for X-band communication

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Progress In Electromagnetics research C 2019年 94卷 203-217页

作者： Kurniawan, Farohaji Sumantyo, Josaphat Tetuko Sri Ito, Koichi Gao, Steven Panggabean, Good Fried Prabowo, Gunawan Setyo Josaphat Microwave Remote Sensing Laboratory Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Graduate School Advanced Integration Science Chiba University Chiba Japan Center for Aeronautics Technology National Institute of Aeronautics and Space Bogor Indonesia Research Center for Frontier Medical Engineering Chiba University Inage Japan School of Engineering and Digital Arts University of Kent CanterburyCT2 7NT United Kingdom

—This paper presents a novel Circularly Polarized (CP) microstrip array antenna with circular shape and slotted by an elliptical ring for X-band communication. This array antenna consists of 4 paths. Each patch is designed with a unique model, and the purposed antenna is mainly circular-shaped. An elliptical ring slot is set at the center of the circular-shaped patch. And a pair of triangle shapes employed as truncation factor is placed at the edge of the circular-shaped antenna. This microstrip array antenna is developed by 2 × 2 patches in a sequential rotation mode with relative phases 0°,90°, 180°, and 270° . The total dimension of this array antenna is 60.92 mm × 60.92 mm. The simulated result shows a good agreement with minimum requirement. The center frequency of the antenna design is 8.2 GHz with low frequency at 8 GHz and high frequency at 8.4 GHz. The proposed antenna is produced under −10 dB S11 of 21.9%, maximum gain of 12.47 dBic at the center frequency, and axial ratio bandwidth of 12.2% is obtained. Simulated result has been validated by fabrication and measurement, then the structure of the antenna design is fabricated on NPC-H22A with a thickness of 1.6 mm and dielectric constant of 2.17. Complete investigation and experimentation are presented in the next sections. © 2019, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Circular polarization

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Spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction of synchrotron radiation

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Fuji, Takao Kaneyasu, Tatsuo Fujimoto, Masaki Okano, Yasuaki Salehi, Elham Hosaka, Masahito Takashima, Yoshifumi Mano, Atsushi Hikosaka, Yasumasa Wada, Shin-Ichi Katoh, Masahiro Laser Science Laboratory Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya468–8511 Japan SAGA Light Source Tosu841-0005 Japan Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki444-8585 Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Nagoya University Nagoya464-0814 Japan National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230029 China Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences University of Toyama Toyama930-0194 Japan Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-0046 Japan

Ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet electric-fields produced by relativistic electrons in an undulator of a synchrotron light source are characterized by using spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER). A tandem undulator with a phase shifter produces a pair of wavelength shifted wave packets with some delay. The interferogram between the pair of the wave packets is analyzed with a SPIDER algorithm, which is widely used for ultrashort pulse characterization. As a result, a 10-cycle square shaped electric-field is reconstructed. The waveform corresponds to the radiation from an electron accelerated with the undulator which consists of 10 periods of permanent magnets. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Synchrotron radiation

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Four-hundred Very Metal-poor Stars Studied with LAMOST and Subaru. III. Dynamically Tagged Groups and Chemodynamical Properties

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Ruizhi Matsuno, Tadafumi Li, Haining Aoki, Wako Xue, Xiang-Xiang Suda, Takuma Zhao, Gang Chen, Yuqin Ishigaki, Miho N. Shi, Jianrong Xing, Qianfan Zhao, Jingkun CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Yuquan Road Shijingshan District Beijing100049 China Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg Mönchhofstraße 12-14 Heidelberg69120 Germany National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Liberal Arts Tokyo University of Technology Nishi Kamata 5-23-22 Ota-ku Tokyo144-8535 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan

Very metal-poor (VMP) stars record the signatures of early accreted galaxies, making them essential tools for unraveling the early stages of Galaxy formation. Understanding the origin of VMP stars requires comprehensive studies of their chemical compositions and kinematics, which are currently lacking. Hence, we conduct a chemodynamical analysis of 352 VMP stars selected from one of the largest uniform high-resolution VMP star samples, jointly obtained from LAMOST and Subaru. We apply a friends-of-friends clustering algorithm to the master catalog of this high-resolution sample, which consists of 5778 VMP stars. It results in 131 dynamically tagged groups with 89 associated with known substructures in the Milky Way, including Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE), Thamnos, Helmi streams, Sequoia, Wukong, Pontus, and the very metal-poor disk (VMPD). Our findings are: (i) the VMPD shows lower Zn abundances than the rest, which indicates that it could be a relic of small stellar systems;(ii) Sequoia shows moderately high r-process abundances;(iii) Helmi streams show deficiencies in carbon and light neutron-capture elements;(iv) the fraction of carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars with no enhancement in heavy elements (CEMP-no stars) seems low in the VMPD and the Helmi streams;and (v) a subgroup in GSE exhibits a very high fraction of r-process enhanced stars, with four out of five showing [Eu/Fe]> +1.0. The abundance patterns of other elements in VMP substructures largely match the whole VMP sample. We also study large-scale correlations between abundance ratios and kinematics without classifying stars into substructures, but it does not yield significant correlations once the overall chemical evolution is considered for most elements. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stars

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Detection of the actinide Th in an r-process-enhanced star with accretion origin

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xing, Qianfan Zhao, Gang Aoki, Wako Li, Haining Zhao, Jingkun Matsuno, Tadafumi Suda, Takuma A20 Datun Road Chaoyang Beijing100101 China Yuquan Road Shijingshan District Beijing100049 China National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg Mönchhofstraße 12-14 Heidelberg69120 Germany Department of Liberal Arts Tokyo University of Technology Nishi Kamata 5-23-22 Ota-ku Tokyo144-8535 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan

The thorium and six second-peak r-process element (56 ≤ Z ≤ 72) abundances are determined for the α-poor star LAMOST J1124+4535 based on a high-resolution spectrum obtained with the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) on the Subaru telescope. The age of J1124+4535 is 11.3 ± 4.4 Gyr using thorium and other r-process element abundances. J1124+4535 is confirmed to be a Galactic halo metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −1.27±0.1) star with extreme r-process element over-abundance ([Eu/Fe] = 1.13±0.08) and α element deficiency ([Mg/Fe] = -0.31±0.09) by the LAMOST-Subaru project. Along with the sub-solar α to iron ratios (e.g. [Mg/Fe], [Si/Fe], [Ca/Fe]), the relatively low abundances of Na, Cr, Ni and Zn in J1124+4535 show significant departure from the general trends of the Galactic halo but are in good agreement with those of dwarf galaxies. The chemical abundances and kinematics of J1124+4535 suggest it was formed in the late stage of star formation in a dwarf galaxy which has been disrupted by the Milky Way (MW). The star formation of its progenitor dwarf galaxy lasted more than 2 Gyr and has been affected by a rare r-process event before the occurrence of accretion event. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Thorium

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MUSICNTWRK: Data Tools for Music Theory, Analysis and Composition 14th

MUSICNTWRK: Data Tools for Music Theory, Analysis and Compos...

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14th International Symposium on Perception, Representations, Image, Sound, Music, CMMR 2019

作者： Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco CEMI Center for Experimental Music and Intermedia University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States iARTA Initiative for Advanced Research in Technology and the Arts University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States Department of Physics College of Science University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States Division of Composition Studies College of Music University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States IMéRA - Institut d’Études Avancées of Aix-Marseille Université Marseille13004 France Aix Marseille Univ CNRS PRISM 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier CS 70071 Cedex 09 Marseille13402 France

ISBN: (纸本)9783030702090

We present the API for MUSICNTWRK, a python library for pitch class set and rhythmic sequences classification and manipulation, the generation of networks in generalized music and sound spaces, deep learning algorithms for timbre recognition, and the sonification of arbitrary data. The software is freely available under GPL 3.0 and can be downloaded at *** or installed as a PyPi project (pip install musicntwrk). © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Deep learning

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