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Long-term musical training induces white matter plasticity in emotion and language networks

Human brain mapping 2023年第1期44卷 5-17页

作者： Li-Kai Cheng Yu-Hsien Chiu Ying-Chia Lin Wei-Chi Li Tzu-Yi Hong Ching-Ju Yang Chung-Heng Shih Tzu-Chen Yeh Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng Hsin-Yen Yu Jen-Chuen Hsieh Li-Fen Chen Institute of Brain Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan. Integrated Brain Research Unit Department of Medical Research Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan. Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) NYU Grossman School of Medicine New York New York USA. Center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology NYU Grossman School of Medicine New York New York USA. Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan. Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Arts and Humanities Education Taipei National University of the Arts Taipei Taiwan. Brain Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Biological Science and Technology College of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan.

Numerous studies have reported that long-term musical training can affect brain functionality and induce structural alterations in the brain. Singing is a form of vocal musical expression with an unparalleled capacity for communicating emotion; however, there has been relatively little research on neuroplasticity at the network level in vocalists (i.e., noninstrumental musicians). Our objective in this study was to elucidate changes in the neural network architecture following long-term training in the musical arts. We employed a framework based on graph theory to depict the connectivity and efficiency of structural networks in the brain, based on diffusion-weighted images obtained from 35 vocalists, 27 pianists, and 33 nonmusicians. Our results revealed that musical training (both voice and piano) could enhance connectivity among emotion-related regions of the brain, such as the amygdala. We also discovered that voice training reshaped the architecture of experience-dependent networks, such as those involved in vocal motor control, sensory feedback, and language processing. It appears that vocal-related changes in areas such as the insula, paracentral lobule, supramarginal gyrus, and putamen are associated with functional segregation, multisensory integration, and enhanced network interconnectivity. These results suggest that long-term musical training can strengthen or prune white matter connectivity networks in an experience-dependent manner.

关键词： brain asymmetry emotion graph theory language structural connectivity vocal training

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Ultrathin Al Oxide Seed Layer for Atomic Layer Deposition of High-κ Al2O3 Dielectrics on Graphene

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第7期37卷 80-85页

作者： Hang Yang Wei Chen Ming-Yang Li Feng Xiong Guang Wang Sen Zhang Chu-Yun Deng Gang Peng Shi-Qiao Qin College of Liberal Arts and Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Hypervelocity Aerodynamics InstituteMianyang 621000China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Due to the lack of surface dangling bonds in graphene,the direct growth of high-κ films via atomic layer deposition(ALD) technique often produces the dielectrics with a poor quality,which hinders its integration in modern semiconductor *** pretreatment approaches,such as chemical functionalization with ozone and plasma treatments,would inevitably degrade the quality of the underlying ***,we tackled this problem by utilizing an effective and convenient physical *** detail,the graphene surface was pretreated with the deposition of thermally evaporated ultrathin Al metal layer prior to the Al2O3 growth by *** the device was placed in a drying oven for 30 min to be naturally oxidized as a seed *** the assistance of an Al oxide seed layer,pinhole-free Al2O3 dielectrics growth on graphene was *** detective defects or disorders were introduced into graphene by Raman ***,our fabricated graphene topgated field effect transistor exhibited high mobility(~6200 cm2V-1s-1) and high transconductance(~117 μS).Thin dielectrics demonstrated a relative permittivity of 6.5 over a large area and a leakage current less than1.6 p A/μ*** results indicate that Al oxide functionalization is a promising pathway to achieve scaled gate dielectrics on graphene with high performance.

关键词： bonds utilizing convenient

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Interfacial Mo-S bond modulated S-scheme Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)heterojunction for boosted photocatalytic removal of emerging organic contaminants

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2025年第1期68卷 259-271页

作者： Shijie Li Changjun You Fang Yang Guijie Liang Chunqiang Zhuang Xin Li Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province National Engineering Research Center for Marine AquacultureCollege of Marine Science and TechnologyZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022ZhejiangChina School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China Hubei Key Laboratory Low Dimens Optoelect Mat&Devices Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053HubeiChina Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Institute of Biomass Engineering Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina

Inefficient photo-carrier separation and sluggish photoreaction dynamics appreciably undermine the photocatalytic decontamination efficacy of ***,an S-scheme Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)heterojunction with interfacial Mo-S chemical bond is designed as an efficient *** this integrated photosystem,Bi2MoO6 and Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S function as oxidation and reduction centers of Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)microspheres,***,the unique charge transfer mechanism in the chemically bonded S-scheme heterojunction with Mo-S bond as atom-scale charge transport highway effectively inhibits the photocorrosion of Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs,endowing Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)photocatalyst with excellent photocatalytic decontamination performance and ***,integration of Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S nanocrystals into Bi2MoO6 improves hydrophilicity,conducive to the ***,compared with Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and Bi2MoO6,the Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)unveils much augmented photoactivity in tetracycline eradication,among which Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)-2 possesses the highest activity with the rate constant up to 0.0323 min-1,prominently outperforming other *** research offers a chemical bonding engineering combining with S-scheme heterojunction strategy for constructing extraordinary photocatalysts for environmental purification.

关键词： Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6) Interfacialchemicalbond S-scheme heterojunction Emerging organic contaminants Internalelectricfield Photocatalysis

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Influence of Tea Leaf Particle Size on Catechin Extraction and Green Tea Sensory Acceptance

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1043-1056页

作者： Dongyang Li Yu Zhang Ritsuko Tamura Toshiro Nakajima Sabine Gouraud Julien Tripette Yuko Caballero Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences Ochanomizu University Tokyo Japan Leading Graduate School Promotion Center Ochanomizu University Tokyo Japan Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Ibaraki Japan Tohoen Company Tokyo Japan Department of Natural Science College of Liberal Arts International Christian University Tokyo Japan Center for Interdisciplinary AI and Data Science Ochanomizu University Tokyo Japan Utsunomiya University Utsunomiya Japan

The intensity of the bitterness of catechins increases with increased concentration, but the taste palatability decreased in green tea extract. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a blend of tea leaf particles of various sizes would result in a good balance between catechin content and appreciable taste. The control is common tea (CT) with 6 - 10 mm long leaves. Blend tea (BT) was prepared by mixing 5 mm and 120 - 130 mm long tea leaves in a ratio of 3:2. The catechin content of hot water extracts was analyzed by HPLC, and the sensory test was conducted with 99 volunteers. In BT, the total catechin content was significantly higher than that in CT. The sensory test results revealed that BT was less bitter and had more preferable color than CT. More catechins were extracted from BT, but it tasted less bitter. Thus, the recalibration of the tea leaf particle size can result in good balance between catechin content and palatability.

关键词： Blend Tea Catechin Content Sensory Test Bitterness Palatability

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Pilot test of the mutual assistance system using a wearable device for the elderly in WEB3.0 technology

Pilot test of the mutual assistance system using a wearable ...

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IIAI International Conference on advanced Applied Informatics (IIAIAAI)

作者： Kenji Nakamura Keiichi Yamazaki Yusuke Arano Akiko Yamazaki Hiroshi Koga Naoya Ohta Takuya Mitsuhashi Hideru Obinata Yoshiaki Ohyama Center for Mathematics and Data Science Gunma University Gunma Japan Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences Saitama University Saitama Japan Faculty of Media Studies Tokyo University of Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Dermatology School of Medicine Shinshu University Nagano Japan Faculty of Engineering Gunma University Gunma Japan Division of Advanced Science and Technology Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Medicine Gunma University Gunma Japan Innovative Medical Research Center Gunma University Hospital Gunma Japan

Using wearable devices and WEB3.0 to make doctor-patient interaction smarter. The aging of the population and COVID-19 have placed a tremendous workload on the medical field. Traditional monitoring has been centralized, with healthcare professionals providing face-to-face care to all patients. This is where blockchain is utilized, where users themselves have data and monitor each other. Mutual monitoring of medical information on the blockchain creates a mutually supportive relationship where users themselves monitor each other. In this demonstration experiment, the system was introduced to six elderly people. This decentralized system in which users themselves monitor each other is called the Web3 type. The Web type is a technology that is expected to break through the current concentration of data in overseas digital industries and leave digital data resources in Japan. This research is unique in that it combines blockchain technology, which is at the core of this technology, with medical information. A mutual assistance system was constructed to visualize and mutually monitor their exercise habits using wearable terminals. As a result, the exercise habits of all participants improved, and unique information was obtained from the questionnaire survey.

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Massive first star binaries as new tools for Galactic archaeology 16

Massive first star binaries as new tools for Galactic archae...

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16th Symposium on Nuclei in the Cosmos, NIC-XVI 2021

作者： Suda, Takuma Saitoh, Takayuki R. Moritani, Yuki Matsuno, Tadafumi Shigeyama, Toshikazu Department of Liberal Arts Tokyo University of Technology Tokyo144-8535 Japan Department of Planetology Graduate School of Science Kobe University Hyogo657-8501 Japan The University of Tokyo Institutes of Advanced Study Tokyo277-8583 Japan Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen Groningen9747AD Netherlands Research Center for the Early Universe The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan

Binary systems are important probes of the origin of stars with peculiar chemical features through the interactions between two stars. We have studied the evolution of a metal-free massive binary after the collision of the supernova ejecta with a low-mass companion. Theoretical models are developed using simulations of binaries after core-collapse supernovae using stellar evolution models, supernova ejecta models, and hydrodynamic simulations of the system consisting of supernova ejecta and companion stars. We find that these first star survivors will be observed as metal-rich halo stars in our Galaxy. In combination with the theoretical research, we looked for observational counterparts in the Galactic halo using the observational database where elemental abundances and kinematic data are available. We have also searched for the progenitor binary systems based on radial velocity monitoring. We report the current status of the search for massive binaries in the solar vicinity. The proposed scenario demands a new channel of star formation in the early universe and is a supplementary scenario for the origin of the known metal-poor stars. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Supernovae

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Impact of phytoconstituents on oral health practices:a post COVID-19 observation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2386-2400页

作者： Harsh Kumar Reena Singh Daljeet Singh Dhanjal Chirag Chopra Natália Cruz-Martins Gheyath K.Nasrallah Amin F.Majdalawieh Sivakumar Manickam Shahida Anusha Siddiqui Dinesh Kumar Indu Sharma Varun Sharma School of Bioengineering&Food Technology Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolan 173229India School of Bioengineering and Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab 144402India Faculty of Medicine University of PortoPorto 4200-319Portugal Institute for Research and Innovation in Health(i3S) University of PortoPorto 4200-135Portugal Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies(CESPU) RuaCentral de GandraGandra 4585-116Portugal TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health SciencesCESPUCRLGandra 4585-116Portugal Biomedical Research Center Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Biomedical Science College of Health SciencesQatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Biology Chemistryand Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesAmerican University of SharjahSharjah 26666United Arab Emirates Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability Technical University of MunichStraubing 94315Germany Genetic Heritage Group New York UniversityAbu Dhabi 129188United Arab Emirates Bioinformatics Division NMC Genetics India Pvt.Ltd.Gurugram 122001India

Appropriate oral hygiene significantly reduces the possibility of oral ***,dental caries and periodontal diseases are major oral health issues causing chronic diseases due to poor oral ***,herbal compounds have gained interest in maintaining oral *** of burdock root(Arctium),noni fruit(Morinda citrifolia),and neem leaf(Azadirachta indica)are now used as intracanal medicaments in endodontics and *** amboinicus species and other plants produces essential oil likeβ-caryophyllene,p-cymene,andγ-terpinene can exhibit antibacterial activity;highlighting phytoconstituents plays a vital role in oral *** COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of hygiene and sanitization,to curb *** cavity is among the gateways for virus entry into *** is a potential reservoir of SARS-CoV-2,and there is an increased risk of infection if there is any fissure in the *** enables entry of virus into the vascular system through gingival or periodontal pocket,possibly reaching lung periphery then to lung vessels by interacting with endothelial surface receptors triggering pulmonary vasoconstriction and lung damage due to endothelial *** review aims to draw attention to the possible route of SARS-CoV-2 infection via the oral cavity and the importance of oral hygiene against COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Oral Hygiene Microbiota Phytochemicals

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Three-dimensional measurement using tomography systems in a magnetized plasma in linear cylindrical geometry 47

Three-dimensional measurement using tomography systems in a ...

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47th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, EPS 2021

作者： Yamasaki, K. Fujisawa, A. Nagashima, Y. Moon, C. Inagaki, S. Sasaki, M. Kosuga, Y. Yamada, T. Kasuya, N. Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Kasuga Fukuoka Japan Research Center for Plasma Turbulence Kyushu University Kasuga Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Arts and Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Chiba Japan

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Built environments for physical activity: a longitudinal descriptive analysis of Sao Paulo city, Brazil

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Cities and Health 2023年第1期7卷 137-147页

作者： Teixeira, Inaian Pignatti Barbosa, João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barrozo, Ligia Vizeu Hino, Adriano Akira Ferreira Nakamura, Priscila Missaki Andrade, Douglas Roque Mavoa, Suzanne Turrell, Gavin Reis, Rodrigo Siqueira Florindo, Alex Antonio Minas Gerais State University Passos Brazil Study Research and Scientific Support Group Minas Gerais State University Passos Brazil Physical Activity Epidemiology Group University of Sao Paulo São Paulo Brazil Department of Geography School of Philosophy Literature and Human Sciences University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Health Sciences Graduate Program School of Medicine and Life Sciences Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais- Campus Muzambinho Muzambinho Brazil School of Arts Sciences and Humanities University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Graduate Program in Social Change and Political Participation School of Arts Sciences and Humanities University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Melbourne School of Population & Global Health University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia Victoria Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) VIC Australia Centre for Urban Research RMIT University Melbourne Australia Health Research Institute University of Canberra Canberra Australia People health and Place Unit Prevention Research Center Brown School Washington University in Saint Louis St Louis MO United States Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health School of Public Health University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

City policies and plans play an important role in promoting physical activity through changes in the urban design and transportation systems. The objectives of this study were to describe longitudinal changes in the built environment relevant to leisure-time physical activity and active travel in Sao Paulo city, Brazil, between 2015 and 2020;to describe these changes according to regions of the city, census tracts’ income, and buffer zones around the residences of participants in a cohort. Using data from public online libraries, cross-checked with the specific municipal and state secretariats, the following were measured: public squares, parks, sports facilities, community clubs, outdoor gyms, bike paths, train or subway stations, bus terminals, and primary health care units. To quantify these attributes around the residences, four different buffers: 500 m and 1000 m radial buffers and 500 m and 1000 m network buffers were adopted. An increase was observed in outdoor gyms (+109.6%), bike paths (+67.7%), train or subway stations, bus terminals (+15.4%), sports facilities (+12.0%), and public squares (+8.7%). However, the changes differed according to the region, census tract income, and residential area. The results can serve to foster a discussion on the effects of local policies being executed. In addition, this study highlights important disparities in cities through the different levels evaluated. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： active transportation Built environment cohort inequality leisure-time physical activity monitoring

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Removal of multiple pesticides from water by different types of membranes

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Chemosphere 2024年 356卷 141960页

作者： Seah, Mei Qun Ng, Zhi Chien Lai, Gwo Sung Lau, Woei Jye Al-Ghouti, Mohammad A. Alias, Nur Hashimah Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Skudai81310 Malaysia Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Center Technology Innovation Institute Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability College of Science Engineering and Technology University of South Africa Florida Campus Johannesburg1709 South Africa Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Qatar Department of Oil and Gas Engineering School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia

Pesticides are used in agriculture to protect crops from pathogens, insects, fungi and weeds, but the release of pesticides into surface/groundwater by agriculture runoff and rain has raised serious concerns not only for the environment but also for human health. This study aimed to investigate the impact of surface properties on the performance of seven distinct membrane types utilized in nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO) and forward osmosis (FO) processes in eliminating multiple pesticides from spiked water. Out of the membranes tested, two are self-fabricated RO membranes while the rest are commercially available membranes. Our results revealed that the self-fabricated RO membranes performed better than other commercial membranes (e.g., SW30XLE, NF270, Duracid and FO) in rejecting the targeted pesticides by achieving at least 99% rejections regardless of the size of pesticides and their log Kow value. Despite the marginally lower water flux exhibited by the self-fabricated membrane compared to the commercial BW30 membrane, its exceptional ability to reject both mono- and divalent salts renders it more apt for treating water sources containing not only pesticides but also various dissolved ions. The enhanced performance of the self-fabricated RO membrane is mainly attributed to the presence of a hydrophilic interlayer (between the polyamide layer and substrate) and the incorporation of hydrophilic nanosheets in tuning its surface characteristics. The findings of the work provide insight into the importance of membrane surface modification for the application of not only the desalination process but also for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Nanofiltration

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