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Magneto-optical conductivity and circular dichroism in d-wave altermagnets

Physical Review B 2025年第6期111卷 064428-064428页

作者： Wang Chen Xiaoying Zhou Wen-Kai Lou Kai Chang State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials School of Physics and Electronics Science Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201 China Center for Quantum Matter School of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

We theoretically investigate the Landau levels (LLs) and magneto-optical conductivity of a d-wave altermagnet under a perpendicular magnetic field. Our findings indicate that the LLs, in the absence of a Zeeman field and spin-orbit coupling (SOC), are spin-degenerate and exhibit a linear dependence on both the magnetic field and the level index. Within the framework of linear response theory, the analytical optical transition matrix elements yield isotropic selection rules and anisotropic longitudinal magneto-optical conductivity peaks, regardless of whether SOC is considered. Specifically, in the absence of SOC, only the intraband transition can occur, with the selection rule given by Δn=±1. The spin-resolved longitudinal magneto-optical conductivities without a Zeeman field alternately coincide (Reσxx↑=Reσyy↓ and Reσxx↓=Reσyy↑), resulting in identical spin-resolved Hall magneto-optical conductivities (Imσxy↑=Imσxy↓). In the presence of SOC, both intraband and interband transitions occur, with selection rules of Δn=±1 and ±3. Notably, the magnitude of the magneto-optical conductivities associated with the transition process of Δn=±1 is three orders of magnitude larger than that associated with Δn=±3. This distinctive magneto-optical absorption spectrum clearly reflects the structure of the LLs and leads to strong circular dichroism in the altermagnets. Our results elucidate the magneto-optical properties of altermagnets and can be utilized to determine band parameters at zero magnetic field.

关键词： Dichroism

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Dipole-induced transparency in a cavity-waveguide system with attractive cavity modes

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Physical Review A 2025年第3期111卷 033710-033710页

作者： Zhao-Hui Peng Chun-Xia Jia Yu-Qing Zhang Ying Yang Xiang-Yun Fu Wangjun Lu Le-Man Kuang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials and Department of Physics Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201 China Department of Maths and Physics Hunan Institute of Engineering Xiangtan 411104 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimension Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications and Department of Physics Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Synergetic Innovation Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450002 China

Dipole-induced transparency (DIT) is one of the most well-known transparency effects in quantum optics and has wide applications in scalable quantum information processing and quantum computation. However, most of the existing literatures only focuses on the DIT effect with coherent dipole-cavity coupling, thus its universality in other types of coupling is still to be clarified. Here, we propose a feasible scheme to realize dissipative dipole-cavity coupling with the assistance of a highly dissipative microcavity, and explicitly exhibit cavity-mode attraction. We then investigate the DIT effect in a cavity-waveguide system with attractive cavity modes and find that it can still be achievable even though the probe light is resonant with two attractive cavity modes. Furthermore, we reveal its underlying transparency mechanism with eigenfrequencies and the effective susceptibility of the dipole-cavity system, and show that its transparency lies in the destructive interference of two attractive cavity modes with splitting damping rates instead of splitting resonance frequencies in coherent coupling. Moreover, we find that the attractive and repulsive phenomena of the effective susceptibility, which also plays an important role in the DIT effect, exist in the dipole-cavity system. Our findings may not only be of importance for gaining a more comprehensive understanding on the DIT effect, but also have potential applications in quantum networks.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Gel-derived NiO–MoS 2 for the scalable fabrication of bifunctional screen-printed electrodes for overall water splitting

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 139卷 247-256页

作者： Zhoveta Yhobu Muralikrishna Sreeramareddygari Chatuporn Phanthong Srinivasa Budagumpi Doddahalli H. Nagaraju Wachira Chaiworn Mithran Somasundrum Patsamon Rijiravanich Surawut Chuangchote Werasak Surareungchai Sensor Technology Laboratory Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Road Thakam Bangkok 10150 Thailand Centre for Nano and Material Sciences JAIN (Deemed–to–be University) Jain Global Campus Kanakapura Bangalore 562 112 Karnataka India Industrial Sensor Technology Research Team Biochemical Engineering and System Biology Research Group National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development Agency at KMUTT (Bangkhuntien Campus) Bangkok 10150 Thailand Department of Chemistry School of Applied Sciences REVA University Kattigenahalli Yelahanka Bangalore 560 064 Karnataka India Department of Tool and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) 126 Prachauthit Rd. Bangmod Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand Research Center for Advanced Materials for Energy and Environmental Technology (MEET) King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) 126 Prachauthit Rd. Bangmod Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Graduate Programme Faculty of Science King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Road Thakam Bangkok 10150 Thailand

The fabrication of flexible, free-standing electrodes is crucial for advancing renewable energy technologies, particularly in energy conversion and storage. Traditional electrode fabrication methods often involve complex procedures, high material wastage, and limited scalability, whereas screen printing offers a cost-effective, reproducible, and scalable approach for producing high-performance electrodes with uniform coatings. This study introduces a versatile screen-printing strategy for fabricating flexible carbon cloth (CC) electrodes using NiO–MoS 2 ink derived from a solvothermal method. The resulting screen-printed CC electrodes function as efficient bifunctional catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and overall water splitting in alkaline media. The NiO–MoS 2 screen-printed CC electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance, achieving an OER overpotential ( η 10 ) of 382 mV vs RHE with a Tafel slope of 75 mV/dec and HER overpotential ( η 10 ) of −159 mV vs RHE and Tafel slope of 116 mV/dec. To further demonstrate its bifunctionality, the NiO–MoS 2 screen-printed CC electrode was assembled into a water-splitting electrolyzer, requiring a cell voltage of 1.79 V to reach a current density of 10 mA/cm 2 and exhibiting outstanding operational durability. The robustness and structural integrity of the developed electrode is confirmed by the post-stability analysis, highlighting the potential of the methodology reported in this work for the scalable fabrication of high-performance electrodes for water splitting applications.

关键词： Screen printing

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Generalized Metasurface Design for Polarization Reconstruction in a Single Snapshot

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Journal of Lightwave technology 2025年

作者： Xu, Wenhui Li, Hui Liu, Yufei Li, Jie Tan, Qi Xu, Hang Zhang, Yan Yao, Jianquan Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology Ministry of Education School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering Tianjin300072 China Capital Normal University Beijing Key Laboratory for Metamaterials and Devices Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Department of Physics Beijing100048 China Chengdu University of Information Technology Sichuan Meteorological Optoelectronic Sensor Technology and Application Engineering Research Center Chengdu610225 China

Metasurfaces enable the design of compact devices that can detect polarization with high precision. This capability is highly significant in applications where space and weight are constraints, such as in portable sensors, optical systems, or communications. Nevertheless, traditional metasurface-based polarization measurement techniques may not work efficiently at terahertz (THz) frequencies due to the different behavior of THz waves compared to visible light. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a design strategy for THz polarization recognition that utilizes all-dielectric metasurface. This approach necessitated only the extraction of the electric field distribution at the focal plane in the transmission mode. The focal spot located at the center of the focal plane carries orbital angular momentum (OAM), which assisted in determining the azimuthal angle of the incident polarization state. Furthermore, off-axis focal spot positioned in four quadrants provided additional information regarding ellipticity and enable characterization of both axis ratio and the handedness of the polarization ellipse. The pivotal information delineated by the Stokes parameter S3, the axial ratio (AR), and ellipticity (χ) can effectively identify arbitrary polarization states that encompass the entire surface of Poincaré sphere. The consistency between the experimental and simulated results confirms the effectiveness of the designed metasurface in accurately reconstructing THz polarization states. The ability of the designed metasurface to manipulate and detect polarization states with high precision can improve performance in imaging, sensing, and communication systems. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Spin polarization

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The dual role of electrical stimulation in pain:from management to reconstruction

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Science Bulletin 2025年第7期70卷 1016-1021页

作者： Kehui Xu Yuxuan Ma Tao Ye Yuzhu Wang Yannan Xie Chaohui Li Franklin R.Tay Lina Niu Zhou Li Kai Jiao Department of Stomatology Tangdu HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and RegenerationSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710038China State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for BiosensorsJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Clinical Medicine Shanghai Smartee Denti-Technology Co.Ltd.Shanghai 201210China The Dental College of Georgia Augusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912USA School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Pain is a common sensory experience in our daily *** or recurrent pain affects over 30%of the global population,imposing a significant burden on individuals and ***,normal pain perception functions as a warning mechanism for the body and is essential for *** propagation of electrical signals is central to pain perception,and the capacity to modulate these signals is crucial for human pain ***,the applications for electrical stimulation in pain management are gradually expanding,offering patients innovative treatment ***,advancements in bionics have led to increased attention on reconstructing pain perception through artificial synapses,electronic skin,and ***,we focus on the dual role of electrical stimulation in both pain management and pain reconstruction,highlighting their shared developmental trends.

关键词： electrical stimulation modulate signals propagation electrical signals artificial synapses bionics electronic skin pain management pain reconstruction

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Real-Time Bird Counting and Environmental Control System for Enhanced Swiftlet Farmhouse Management

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Markom, Arni Munira Rahman, Nuraishah Najiha Abdul Hamdan, Fakhirul Aziff Yusof, Yusrina Haris, Hazlihan Zaini, Muhammad Aizat Zaim Roslizar, Ahmad Muzammil Latiff, Anas Abdul Muhammad, Ahmad Razif Markom, Marni Azira School of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu88400 Malaysia Hang Tuah Jaya Durian Tunggal Melaka76100 Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Selangor Bangi43600 Malaysia Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra Perlis Arau02600 Malaysia Center of Excellence for Advanced Sensor Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus Pauh Putra Perlis Arau02600 Malaysia

This study presents the development of an IoT-based system for environmental monitoring and control, as well as bird counting, specifically designed for swiftlet farming in Menumbok, Sabah. The system integrates DHT11 and ultrasonic sensors to optimize habitat conditions and track swiftlet activity. Swiftlet farms face critical challenges in maintaining optimal environmental parameters and accurately monitoring bird populations, both essential for swiftlet health and productivity. The primary objective of this project is to establish a comprehensive system that not only monitors environmental factors but also allows farmers to actively control them, improving overall farm management. A key feature of this system is the ability to pump water from a barrel to a basin on the floor to regulate humidity levels, thereby enhancing the microenvironment for swiftlets. Two main methodologies were employed: (1) the installation of DHT11 sensors for continuous temperature and humidity measurement, ensuring optimal conditions for swiftlet habitation, and (2) the use of ultrasonic sensors at key entry points to accurately count swiftlets entering and exiting the farmhouse, providing precise data on their activity patterns. Key findings from the study include: (1) an average of approximately 600 swiftlets entered the farmhouse during peak evening hours (6 PM to 8 PM), while around 570 exited in the morning (5 AM to 7 AM), indicating stable population dynamics;(2) environmental data indicated temperature ranges from 31.9°C to 34.6°C, with humidity levels averaging 79%, which, while slightly below the optimal range, can be adjusted using the control system;and (3) variations in swiftlet activity were recorded, particularly increased movement during nighttime, suggesting external environmental influences on their behavior. In conclusion, this research demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating IoT technology for both environmental control and bird monitoring in swiftlet farming, o

关键词： Environmental monitoring

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Computation simulation and experiment investigations of stable co-doping perovskite solar cells with TiO 2 /SnO 2 bilayer and CuSCN structures

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1032卷

作者： Guangdong Li Mingxiang Xu Qingwang Bai Xiaoping Zou Xiao Bai School of Physics Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Research Center for Sensor Technology Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor MOE Key Laboratory for Modern Measurement and Control Technology School of Applied Sciences Beijing Information Science and Technology University Jianxiangqiao Campus Beijing 100101 China

The charge transport layers play a momentous role in facilitating the extraction and injection of carriers in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Unfortunately, the performance of PSCs fabricated with conventional charge transport materials exhibits significant hysteresis and instability. Here we utilise the composite TiO₂/SnO₂ with superior electron mobility and stability and the low-cost CuSCN as bilayer electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) materials, respectively. The PSCs with the p-n-n (p-type FA x MA 1-x PbI x Br y Cl 3-x-y (FA=CH(NH 2 ) 2 ), MA=CH 3 NH 3 )-n-type SnO 2 -n-type TiO 2 ) construction of FTO/TiO 2 /SnO 2 /FA x MA 1-x PbI x Br y Cl 3-x-y /CuSCN/C/FTO have been investigated via the computation simulation and experiment. It has been observed that the PSCs performance of p-n-n structure surpasses that of n-n-p (n-type SnO 2 -n-type TiO 2 -p-type FA x MA 1-x PbI x Br y Cl 3-x-y ) structure, benefiting from the existence of the bilayer ETL with p-n-n structure, which improves the collection ability, and the lifetime and mobility of photogenerated carriers. The perovskite thin film can be uniformly covered by the CuSCN HTL with 25 μL CuSCN drop-coating solution, which effectively reducing the hysteresis of the device under the atmosphere conditions during the experiment. Furthermore, we further demonstrate that the thickness of functional layers, conduction band offset, doping concentration, and operating temperature play crucial roles in determining the photophysical and photoelectric properties of PSCs. The simulation results imply that the PSCs we designed and optimized not only have high power conversion efficiency (PCE) (17.7619 %) at 295 K but also maintain ascendant stability. This work shall provide up an effective strategy for the realization of high efficiency and long-term stable carbon-based PSCs.

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Manipulating Piezoelectric and Electro-Strain Properties of BiFeO3-BaTiO3-Based Ceramics Through Chemical Doping-Controlled Domain-Size Engineering

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Lin, Jiamin Liu, Bing Liu, Mengxiang Yang, Shan Zhou, Linming Hong, Zijian Zhu, Xiaoli Wu, Yongjun Li, Juan Huang, Yuhui School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications Institute of Fundamental and Transdisciplinary Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Zhejiang Hangzhou311100 China College of Electronic Information and Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Zhejiang Hangzhou310018 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Solid State Energy Storage Technology and Applications Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang Taizhou318000 China School of Engineering Hangzhou City University Zhejiang Hangzhou310015 China College of Materials and Science Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou310006 China

Ferroelectric domains are crucial for the performance of piezoelectric ceramics, as the size and switching dynamics affect polarization response directly, manipulating both ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. In this study, we achieved BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics with domain sizes from macroscopic to nanoscale by incorporating a small amount of antiferroelectric phase. Contrary to the long-standing belief that smaller ferroelectric domains own lower polarization switching barriers and yield higher piezoelectricity, we found that in chemical doping-controlled domain size engineering, the smaller the domain size, the more difficult it is for polarization switching. Ceramics with the largest domain exhibited superior positive piezoelectric performance due to the sufficient polarization switching and reduced domain wall pinning, achieving a piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 460 pC/N at 350°C. Middle-sized domains achieved optimal electro-strain performance determined by the trade-off between the domain walls pinning and the increased local tetragonal or orthorhombic symmetries, with a strain (0.29%) and an excellent piezoelectric strain coefficient (d33*) of 726.4 pm/V at 160°C. This work provides novel insights into how domain-size engineering affects domain switching and local distortion, offering guidance for performance optimization of piezoelectric ceramics. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Passive diffusion of transdermal glucose: Noninvasive glucose sensing using a fluorescent glucose binding protein

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Journal of Diabetes Science and technology 2014年第2期8卷 291-298页

作者： Kanjananimmanont, Sunsanee Ge, Xudong Mupparapu, KarunaSri Rao, Govind Potts, Russell Tolosa, Leah Center for Advanced Sensor Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 1000 Hilltop Circle United States

The motivation for this study was to determine if a statistically significant correlation exists between blood glucose (BG) and transdermal glucose (TG) collected by passive diffusion. A positive outcome will indicate that noninvasive passive TG diffusion is a painless alternative to collecting blood through a break on the skin. Sampling involves placing a small volume of buffer solution on the surface of membrane or skin for 5 minutes. The sample is then assayed with fluorescent GBP. In vitro testing was done on regenerated cellulose and a porcine skin model to determine diffusion of standard glucose solutions. In vivo testing was done on a healthy subject and a subject with type 2 diabetes. Glucose diffused readily through the regenerated cellulose membrane with good correlation between surface and internal glucose concentrations (R² = .997). But the porcine skin model required a surface prewash to achieve the same good correlation R² = .943). Based on this, an optimum prewash step was determined for the in vivo studies. The resulting correlation coefficients between TG and BG after a 15-minute prewash in a healthy subject and type 2 subject were .87 and .93, respectively. Removal of the extraneous glucose in the skin by prewashing was an important step in achieving good correlation between TG and BG. The results suggest that passive collection of TG is a noninvasive alternative to current practice of breaking the skin. Further studies are under way to determine the lag time between TG and BG and for the sampling protocol to be more amenable to point-of-care application. © 2014 Diabetes technology Society.

关键词： Fluorescent glucose binding protein Noninvasive glucose sensing

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Mobile Robot Based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping in UniMAP's Unknown Environment

Mobile Robot Based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping in ...

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2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications, ICASSDA 2018

作者： Syaqur, Wan Abdul Ali Yeon, Ahmad Shakaff Abdullah, Abu Hassan Kamarudin, Kamarulzaman Visvanathan, Retnam Ismail, Abdul Halim Mamduh, Syed Muhammad Zakaria, Ammar Universiti Malaysia Perlis Center of Excellence for Advanced Sensor Technology School of Mechatronic Engineering M-Arau Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538683699

Mapping is one of the most important aspect in robot navigation. This project emphasizes on the mapping using Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) using GMapping approach. Turtlebot equipped with Hokuyo Laser Range Finder (LRF) URG-04LX-UG01 is used for the mapping. The SLAM operations were done in there different locations in UniMAP, which are either indoor or mixed of indoor-outdoor environment. The results show that the indoor maps obtained are more accurate than the outdoor map. This is due to the laser scanner unable to produce accurate scan measurement in outdoor environment and therefore result in scan matching problems. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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