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1992 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics

作者： BLOOM, C BULLEMER, P CHU, R VILLANO, M Cognitive Sciences Section Honeywell Sensor and System Development Center 3660 Technology Dr. Minneapolis 55418 MN United States US WEST Advanced Technologies 4001 Discovery Drive Boulder 80303 CO United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780307208

This paper presents work in progress to develop a task driven approach to acquiring, analyzing and representing knowledge for an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). Our research premise is that using a task model approach provides direction and infrastructure for acquiring, analyzing and representing domain-specific knowledge, and enables the development of an ITS that teaches domain users to perform tasks in the right way at the right time. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Domain Knowledge

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MXene based mechanically and electrically enhanced film for triboelectric nanogenerator

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Nano Research 2021年第12期14卷 4833-4840页

作者： Yuyu Gao Guoxu Liu Tianzhao Bu Yaoyao Liu Youchao Qi Yanting Xie Shaohang Xu Weili Deng Weiqing Yang Chi Zhang CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

The development of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)technology which can directly convert ambient mechanical energy into electric energy may affect areas from green energy harvesting to emerging wearing ***,the material of triboelectric layer is critical to the mechanical robustness and electrical output characteristics of the ***,a MXene enhanced electret polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)film with a high mechanical property and surface charge density is *** MXene/PTFE composite film was synthesized by spraying and annealing *** the doping of MXene,the crystallinity of composite film could be tuned,leading to an enhancement in the tensile property of 450%and reducing the wear volume about 80%in the friction ***,the as-fabricated TENG with this composite film outputs 397 V of open-circuit voltage,21µA of short-circuit current,and 232 nC of transfer charge quantity,which are 4,6,and 6 times higher than that of the TENG made by pure PTFE film,***,this work provides a creative strategy to simultaneously improve the mechanical property and electrical performance of the TENGs,which have great potential in improving device stability under a complex mechanical environment.

关键词： MXene polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) mechanically and electrically enhanced triboelectric layer triboelectric nanogenerator

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High sensitivity carbon monoxide detector using iron tetraphenyl porphyrin functionalized reduced graphene oxide

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Discover Nano 2023年第1期18卷 1-10页

作者： Shirsat, Sumedh M. Chiang, Chih-Hao Bodkhe, Gajanan A. Shirsat, Mahendra D. Tsai, Meng-Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City106335 Taiwan Department of Food Science and Technology Yeungnam University Gyeongsangbuk-do Gyeongsan38541 Korea Republic of Department of Physics RUSA Center for Advanced Sensor Technology Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University MS Aurangabad431004 India

The detection of pollutant and toxic gases has attracted extensive attention due to the growing environmental issues. In the present investigation, free-based tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP) and iron tetraphenyl porphyrin (FeTPP) are used to functionalize thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and further used for the detection of carbon monoxide (CO). TPP and FeTPP functionalized rGO (FeTPP@rGO) sensors are fabricated on a glass substrate with thermally coated copper electrodes. The materials are characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics have also been studied to demonstrate the operation of the device. In addition, the FeTPP@rGO device shows high sensitivity toward the detection of CO. By testing in the chemiresistive sensing modality, the as-fabricated device shows good response and recovery of 60 s and 120 s, respectively, with a low detection limit of 2.5 ppm. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Carbon monoxide

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Unexpected Kirkendall effect in twinned icosahedral nanocrystals driven by strain gradient

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Nano Research 2020年第10期13卷 2641-2649页

作者： Jingbo Huang Yucong Yan Xiao Li Xurong Qiao Xingqiao Wu Junjie Li Rong Shen Deren Yang Hui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science&EngineeringCyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and ApplicationsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Advanced Technology Department SAIC Motor Corporation LimitedShanghai 201804China State Key Laboratory of Heary Oil Proessing School of Materials Science and EngineeringChina University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China

Nanoscale Kirkendall effect has been widely used for rationally fabricating high-quality hollow nanocrystals, but often requires the intrinsic diffusion coefficient of out-diffusion materials higher than that of in-diffusion components. Here we demonstrate an unexpected Kirkendall effect that occurs in diffusing intrinsically faster Cu atoms into Pd icosahedra, leading to the formation of PdCu alloyed hollow nanocrystals. The control experiment with Pd octahedra replacing icosahedra indicates the critical role of twin boundaries in facilitating such unexpected Kirkendall effect. In addition, geometric phase analysis and density functional theory calculation show that out-diffusion of Pd atoms in the icosahedra is faster than in-diffusion of Cu atoms, particularly through the twin boundaries, upon the strain gradient with an inward distribution from tensile to compressive strains. The unexpected Kirkendall effect is also found in the interdiffusion of Ag and Pd atoms in Pd icosahedra. Our finds break the limitation of the intrinsic diffusion coefficient for the synthesis of hollow nanocrystals through Kirkendall effect and are expected to enormously enrich the family of hollow nanocrystals which have shown great potential in broad areas, such as fine chemical production, energy storage and conversion, and environmental protection. This work also provides a deep understanding in the diffusion behavior of atoms upon the strain gradient.

关键词： Kirkendall effect diffusion coefficient interdiffusion chemical potential icosahedral nanocrystals strain gradient

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Gravitational wave echoes from strange quark stars in the equation of state with density-dependent quark masses

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第11期34卷 112-119页

作者： Jian‑Feng Xu Lei Cui Zhen‑Yan Lu Cheng‑Jun Xia Guang‑Xiong Peng School of arts and sciences Suqian UniversitySuqian 223800China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

According to the recent studies,the gravitational wave(GW)echoes are expected to be generated by quark stars composed of ultrastiff quark *** ultrastiff equations of state(EOS)for quark matter were usually obtained either by a simple bag model with artificially assigned sound velocity or by employing interacting strange quark matter(SQM)depicted by simple reparameterization and *** this study,we investigate GW echoes with EOSs for SQM in the framework of the equivparticle model with density-dependent quark masses and pairing *** conclude that strange quark stars(SQSs)can be sufficiently compact to possess a photon sphere capable of generating GW echoes with frequencies in the range of approximately 20 ***,SQSs cannot account for the observed 72 Hz signal in GW170817 ***,we determined that quark-pairing effects play a crucial role in enabling SQSs to satisfy the necessary conditions for producing these types of echoes.

关键词： Strange quark star Gravitational wave echoes Color-flavour-locked phase Strange quark matter

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The comparison of manganese spectral lines for self-absorption reduction in LIBS using laser-induced fluorescence

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Plasma Science and technology 2023年第6期25卷 82-87页

作者：唐云李菁锋马世祥胡桢麟彭旭翔周伟平袁晓沈萌 Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials School of Physics and Electronic ScienceHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201People's Republic of China National Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People's Republic of China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

The detection of manganese(Mn)in steel by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)provides essential information for ***,self-absorption greatly disrupts the LIBS spectral lines of Mn with high *** this study,to minimize self-absorption for Mn spectral lines in LIBS,laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)was *** with conventional LIBS,the self-absorption factors(α)of Mn I 403.08,403.31,and 403.45 nm lines were reduced by 90%,88%,and 88%,respectively;the root mean square errors of crossvalidation were decreased by 88%,85%,and 87%,respectively;the average relative errors were reduced by 93%,90%,and 91%,respectively;and average relative standard deviations were decreased by 29%,32%,and 33%,*** LIBS-LIF was shown to successfully minimize the self-absorption effect and spectral intensity fluctuation and improve detection accuracy.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy self-absorption LIBS-LIF

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Comparing the performance of the optical glucose assay based on glucose binding protein with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed electrochemical detection: Efforts to design a low-cost point-of-care glucose sensor

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Journal of Diabetes Science and technology 2007年第6期1卷 864-872页

作者： Ge, Xudong Lam, Hung Modi, Swati J. Lacourse, William R. Rao, Govind Tolosa, Leah Center for Advanced Sensor Technology Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore County MD 21250 1000 Hilltop Circle United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD United States

Background: The glucose binding protein (GBP) is one of many soluble binding proteins found in the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria. These proteins are responsible for chemotactic responses and active transport of chemical species across the membrane. Upon ligand binding, binding proteins undergo a large conformational change, which is the basis for converting these proteins into optical biosensors. Methods: The GBP biosensor was prepared by attaching a polarity-sensitive fluorescent probe to a single cysteine mutation at a site on the protein that is allosterically responsive to glucose binding. The fluorescence response of the resulting sensor was validated against high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed electrochemical detection. Finally, a simple fluorescence reader was built using a lifetime-assisted ratiometric technique. Results: The GBP assay has a linear range of quantification of 0.100-2.00 μM and a sensitivity of 0.164 μM^-1 under the specified experimental conditions. The comparison between GBP and HPAEC readings for nine blind samples indicates that there is no statistical difference between the analytical results of the two methods at the 95% confidence level. Although the methods of fluorescence detection are based on different principles, the response of the homemade device to glucose concentrations was comparable to the response of the larger and more expensive tabletop fluorescence spectrophotometer. Conclusions: A glucose binding protein labeled with a polarity-sensitive probe can be used for measuring micromolar amounts of glucose. Using a lifetime-assisted ratiometric technique, a low-cost GBP-based micromolar glucose monitor could be built. © Diabetes technology Society.

关键词： Binding protein Biosensor Diabetes Glucose monitor

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Porous Ti-10Mo alloy fabricated by powder metallurgy for promoting bone regeneration

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Science China Materials 2019年第7期62卷 1053-1064页

作者： Wei Xu Zhuo Liu Xin Lu Jingjing Tian Gang Chen Bowen Liu Zhou Li Xuanhui Qu Cuie Wen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Engineering RMIT University Melbourne 3001 Australia

Porous Ti-lOMo alloys were fabricated by powder metallurgy using a space-holder method. The pore characteristics, m icrostructure, mechanical properties, in vitro biocompatibility, and in vivo osseointegration of the fabricated alloys were systematically investigated. The results show that with different weight ratios of the space-holder (NH4- HC03) added, all of the porous Ti-10Mo alloys sintered at 1,300℃ exhibited a typical W idmanstatten microstructure. The porosity and average pore size of the porous structures can be controlled in the range of 50.8%-66.9% and 70.1 -381.4μm , respectively. The Ti-10Mo alloy with 63.4% porosity exhibited the most suitable mechanical properties for implant applications with an elastic modulus of 2.9 GPa and a compressive yield strength of 127.5 MPa. In vitro9 the alloyconditioned medium showed no deleterious effect on the cell proliferation. The cell viability in this medium was higher than that of the reference group, suggesting non-toxicity and good biological characteristics of the alloy specimens. In vivo, after eight weeks* implantation, new bone tissue formed surrounding the alloy implants, and no noticeable inflammation was observed at the implantation site. The bone bonding strength of the porous Ti-10Mo alloy increased over time from 46.6N at two weeks to 176.4 N at eight weeks. Suitable mechanical properties together with excellent biocompatibility in vitro and osteointegration in vivo make the porous Ti-10Mo fabricated by powder metallurgy an attractive orthopedic implant alloy.

关键词： porosity powder metallurgy structure characterization cell cytotoxicity osteointegration

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Low-Resistivity Amorphous Silicon for Contacts Using Low-Temperature Rapid Thermal Annealing

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 1992年第1期258卷 99-104页

作者： Lynnita Knoch Gordon Tam N. David Theodore Ron Pennell Advanced Custom Technology Center Motorola Inc. Mesa USA Sensor New Product Development Motorola Inc. Phoenix USA

Fabrication of SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) requires a low thermal budget to avoid relaxation of the strained SiGe base layer. Ion implantation is one of the most widely used techniques to achieve contacts. However, due to thermal budget constraints, low temperature rapid thermal annealing (RTA) cycles to activate these implants are insufficient to anneal out all of the implant damage. Polysilicon contacts provide an alternative to ion implantation, but are typically annealed at high temperatures (>950°C) to achieve low sheet resistivity. In this study, amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon films were implanted with boron, arsenic, or phosphorus and RTA’ d at temperatures from 800°C to 950°C and compared to single crystal silicon with identical implants and RTA cycles. The films were characterized using four-point probe, Hall measurements, TEM (transmission electron microscopy), and SIMS (secondary-ion mass-spectrometry). TEM analysis shows that the amorphous deposition produces larger grains upon RTA due to more rapid grain growth than the polycrystalline deposition. The sheet resistance for the amorphous deposited films is much lower than that of the polycrystalline deposition for all implant conditions. Activations of the implants indicate that the arsenic and phosphorus segregate to the grain boundaries, while the boron does not. The segregation is more significant for the polycrystalline films than for the amorphous films and can be explained by the grain boundary area. For contacts to the SiGe HBT, which requires a low thermal budget, an amorphous deposited silicon film is advantageous over a polycrystalline film at low annealing temperatures because it has lower sheet resistance, less segregation to the grain boundaries, and produces larger grains.

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Characterization of Arsenic-Implanted Amorphous Silicon

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 1992年第1期258卷 81-86页

作者： Lynnita Knoch N. David Theodore Gordon Tam Ron Pennell Advanced Custom Technology Center Motorola Inc. Mesa USA Sensor New Product Development Motorola Inc. Phoenix USA

In this study, amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon films were implanted with arsenic and subjected to varied low temperature (<900°C) anneal conditions and characterized using TEM. The microstructure is of interest for later correlation with electrical measurements. The amorphous deposition produces larger, more irregular grains with more strain than does the polysilicon deposition for a single-step rapid thermal anneal (RTA) cycle. This can be explained by the number of critical nucleii and the rate of grain growth. The sheet resistivity, as measured by four-point probe, correlates to the deposition conditions. A two-stage anneal makes the grains less irregular by reducing the roughness of the grains and decreasing the strain in the grains. For a given deposition condition, the final microstructure is most strongly influenced by the first anneal. The second anneal produces no clear change in grain size. 800°C anneals result in larger grains than 900°C anneals. This is explained by the presence of less critical nucleii for 800°C anneals. In comparing short and long durations of RTA, the short duration produced slightly larger grains than the long duration RTA due to greater nucleation in the longer RTA wafers. In the case of RTA versus furnace anneals, RTA produces larger, more irregular grains, with more strain in the grains. A model in terms of the size of critical nucleii is used to explain the difference.

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