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Efficient and Stable Photoassisted Lithium‑Ion Battery Enabled by Photocathode with Synergistically Boosted Carriers Dynamics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 440-454页

作者： Zelin Ma Shiyao Wang Zhuangzhuang Ma Juan Li Luomeng Zhao Zhihuan Li Shiyuan Wang Yazhou Shuang Jiulong Wang Fang Wang Weiwei Xia Jie Jian Yibo He Junjie Wang Pengfei Guo Hongqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518063People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119People’s Republic of China

Efficient and stable photocathodes with versatility are of significance in photoassisted lithium-ion batteries(PLIBs),while there is always a request on fast carrier transport in electrochemical active *** work proposes a general approach of creating bulk heterojunction to boost the carrier mobility of photocathodes by simply laser assisted embedding of plasmonic *** employed in PLIBs,it was found effective for synchronously enhanced photocharge separation and transport in light charging ***,experimental photon spectroscopy,finite difference time domain method simulation and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the improved carrier dynamics are driven by the plasmonic-induced hot electron injection from metal to TiO_(2),as well as the enhanced conductivity in TiO2 matrix due to the formation of oxygen vacancies after Schottky *** from these merits,several benchmark values in performance of TiO2-based photocathode applied in PLIBs are set,including the capacity of 276 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 A g^(−1) under illumination,photoconversion efficiency of 1.276%at 3 A g^(−1),less capacity and Columbic efficiency loss even through 200 *** results exemplify the potential of the bulk heterojunction strategy in developing highly efficient and stable photoassisted energy storage systems.

关键词： Photoassisted lithium-ion batteries Bulk heterojunction Carrier dynamics TiO2 nanofiber Plasmonic metal nanocrystals

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Performance Analysis of Resource Allocation Algorithms for Vehicle Platoons over 5G eV2X Communication

Performance Analysis of Resource Allocation Algorithms for V...

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International Communication Systems and Networks and Workshops, COMSNETS

作者： Gulabi Mandal Anik Roy Basabdatta Palit Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Advanced Technology Development Center Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela

ISBN: (数字)9798331531195

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531201

Vehicle platooning is a cooperative driving technology that can be supported by 5G enhanced Vehicle-to-Everything (eV2X) communication to improve road safety, traffic efficiency, and reduce fuel consumption. eV2X communication among the platoon vehicles involves the periodic transmission of Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) containing vehicle information under strict latency and reliability requirements. These requirements can be maintained by administering the assignment of resources, in terms of time slots and frequency bands, for CAM transmission in a platoon, with the help of a resource allocation mechanism. State-of-the-art on control and communication design for vehicle platoons either consider a simplified platoon model with a detailed communication architecture or consider a simplified communication delay model with a detailed platoon control system. Departing from existing works, we have developed a comprehensive vehicle platoon communication and control framework using OMNET + +, the benchmarking network simulation tool. We have carried out an inclusive and comparative study of three different platoon Information Flow Topologies (IFTs), namely Car-to-Server, Multi-Hop, and One-Hop over 5G using the Predecessor-Leader Following platoon control law to arrive at the best-suited IFT for platooning. Secondly, for the best-suited 5G eV2X IFT, we have analyzed the performance of three different resource allocation algorithms, namely Maximum of Carrier to Interference Ratio (MaxC/I), Proportional Fair (PF), and Deficit Round Robin (DRR). Exhaustive system-level simulations show that the One-Hop information flow strategy along with the MaxC/I resource allocation yields the best Quality of Service (QoS) performance, in terms of latency, reliability, Age of Information (AoI), and throughput.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis 5G mobile communication Quality of service Benchmark testing Throughput Cams Topology Resource management Vehicle-to-everything Standards

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Pyroptosis: A spoiler of peaceful coexistence between cells in degenerative bone and joint diseases

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Journal of advanced Research 2025年 71卷 227-262页

作者： Li, Zhichao Cheng, Wenxiang Gao, Kuanhui Liang, Songlin Ke, Liqing Wang, Mengjie Fan, Jilin Li, Dandan Zhang, Peng Xu, Zhanwang Li, Nianhu First College of Clinical Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250014 China Department of Orthopedics Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250014 China Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang 050011 China Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Shenzhen 518000 China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518000 China Shandong Zhongke Advanced Technology Co. Ltd. Jinan 250300 China

Background: As people age, degenerative bone and joint diseases (DBJDs) become more prevalent. When middle-aged and elderly people are diagnosed with one or more disorders such as osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), it often signals the onset of prolonged pain and reduced functionality. Chronic inflammation has been identified as the underlying cause of various degenerative diseases, including DBJDs. Recently, excessive activation of pyroptosis, a form of programed cell death (PCD) mediated by inflammasomes, has emerged as a primary driver of harmful chronic inflammation. Consequently, pyroptosis has become a potential target for preventing and treating DBJDs. Aim of Review: This review explored the physiological and pathological roles of the pyroptosis pathway in bone and joint development and its relation to DBJDs. Meanwhile, it elaborated the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis within individual cell types in the bone marrow and joints, as well as the interplay among different cell types in the context of DBJDs. Furthermore, this review presented the latest compelling evidence supporting the idea of regulating the pyroptosis pathway for DBJDs treatment, and discussed the potential, limitations, and challenges of various therapeutic strategies involving pyroptosis regulation. Key Scientific Concepts of Review: In summary, an interesting identity for the unregulated pyroptosis pathway in the context of DBJDs was proposed in this review, which was undertaken as a spoiler of peaceful coexistence between cells in a degenerative environment. Over the extended course of DBJDs, pyroptosis pathway perpetuated its activity through crosstalk among pyroptosis cascades in different cell types, thus exacerbating the inflammatory environment throughout the entire bone marrow and joint degeneration environment. Correspondingly, pyroptosis regulation therapy emerged as a promising option for clinical treatment of DBJDs. © 2024

关键词： Bone and joint diseases Intervertebral disc degeneration Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Pyroptosis

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Probability maximization of magnetization switching by spin-orbit torques generated by a ferromagnet

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Physical Review B 2025年第9期111卷 094420-094420页

作者： Tomohiro Taniguchi Shinji Isogami Shuji Okame Katsuyuki Nakada Tomoyuki Sasaki Seiji Mitani Masamitsu Hayashi National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Research Center for Emerging Computing Technologies Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan Advanced Products Development Center Technology & Intellectual Property HQ TDK Corporation Ichikawa Chiba 272-8558 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8654 Japan

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) caused by spin currents generated in a ferromagnetic electrode enable a fast and deterministic magnetization switching. One SOT (y-SOT), polarized orthogonal to both electric current flowing in the electrode and easy axis of a ferromagnetic free layer, causes fast magnetization instability. The other SOT (z-SOT) points to the easy-axis direction and leads to the deterministic switching. Here, we evaluate the magnetization switching probability by these SOTs for various values of electric current density and the ratio of two SOTs from numerical simulation of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. It is found that the switching probability is maximized when the electric current density is close to a critical value for the magnetization destabilization solely by the y-SOT. The origin of such a current dependence is investigated by analyzing temporal dynamics, spectra of the magnetization distribution, and a steady-state solution of the LLG equation. We reveal that the maximization of the switching probability originates due to two different switching behaviors. In the low current region, the magnetization in some trials remains near the initial state because of the weak y-SOT, and thus, the switching error occurs. The number of such trials, which represents the switching error, decreases as the electric current density increases because both y and z-SOTs prompt the switching. In the large current region, the large y-SOT immediately tilts the magnetization toward the switched direction. However, since the y-SOT prefers an in-plane magnetized state, the switching error due to a probabilistic return to the initial state after turning off the electric current density occurs. The switching error in this region tends to increase with increasing current density. As a result, the switching probability is optimized when the electric current density is close to the critical value.

关键词： Ferromagnetism

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Bend-induced Polarization-Dependent Loss in single mode fiber and its impact on Nonlinear Polarization Evolution 4

Bend-induced Polarization-Dependent Loss in single mode fibe...

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4th International Computational Imaging Conference, CITA 2024

作者： Song, Ruilong Jiang, Hongbo Lu, Heng Liu, Hang Set, Sze Yun Tang, Xiaoyun Jin, Lei Qingdao Innovation and Development Base Harbin Engineering University Shandong Qingdao266000 China Shandong Qingdao266520 China Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8904 Japan College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Harbin Engineering University Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688834

This study investigates polarization-dependent loss (PDL) and bend loss characteristics in bent single-mode fiber (SMF) and demonstrates that specific fiber parameters beyond bending radius, particularly cladding and coating properties, can substantially alter loss characteristics. Experimental results reveal that changing the refractive index of the environment outside the coating layer significantly impacts bend loss oscillation due to the high refractive index contrast at the coating-air interface. Additionally, while polarization dependent loss exhibits oscillatory behavior similar to bend loss, it responds differently under certain parameter conditions, resulting in an out-of-phase relationship between bend loss and PDL. Simulations further suggest a method for enhancing polarization dependent loss while minimizing bend loss, enabling optimized polarizing elements in coiled SMF designs. These findings provide valuable insights for extending the all-fiber nonlinear polarization evolution (NPE) based mode-locking approach to a broader range of wavelengths, supporting advancements in ultrafast fiber laser applications. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Single mode fibers

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Runx2 controls the osteogenic fate of growth plate chondrocytes

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Genes & Diseases 2025年第3期12卷 1-3页

作者： Daofu Zeng Jiamin Yu Ke Lu Dan Yi Zhidao Xia Ling Qin Guozhi Xiao Xiao Yang Liping Tong Di Chen Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University of Advanced TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Life Science Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaSA28PPUK Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial&Drug Translational Research Laboratory Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 518172China School of Medicine Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518055China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics Genetic Laboratory of Development and DiseasesInstitute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China

The origin of bone marrow osteoblasts is not totally *** findings demonstrated that bone marrow osteoblasts could be derived from a subpopulation of hypertrophic Col2^(+)/Col10^(+)chondrocytes which migrate from the growth plate into the bone marrow cavity underneath the growth plate and dedifferentiate into mesenchymal progenitor cells and then differentiate into mature osteoblasts.1 This process is called chondrocyte-osteoblast *** type of osteoblast participates in bone formation and is involved in maintaining bone remodeling,especially in the epiphyseal and diaphyseal regions of long *** growth factors,such as Ihh,PTH,and Wnt signaling molecules have been demonstrated to play a critical role in the regulation of chondrocyte-osteoblast transdifferentiation2;however,the role of Runx2,the key transcription factor controlling skeletal development,3 in chondrocyte-osteoblast transdifferentiation has not been fully defined.

关键词： RUNX mesenchymal progenitor cells chondrocyte osteoblast transdifferentiation hypertrophic chondrocytes growth plate bone marrow bone marrow osteoblasts

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Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylorirelated gastritis:The mechanisms of signalling pathway regulations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 11-28页

作者： Pei-Pei Zhang Liang Li Hao-Yu Qu Guang-Yu Chen Meng-Zhou Xie Yan-Kun Chen School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicinal and Functional Food Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation and Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410200Hunan ProvinceChina School of Informatics Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Precision Medicine Research and Development Center Zhuhai Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina

Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis(HPAG)is a common condition of the gastrointestinal ***,extensive and long-term antibiotic use has resulted in numerous adverse effects,including increased resistance,gastrointestinal dysfunction,and increased recurrence *** these concerns develop,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may have *** is based on the concept of completeness and aims to eliminate pathogens and strengthen the *** has the potential to prevent this condition while also boosting the rate of Helicobacter pylori *** review elaborates on the mechanism of TCM treatment for HPAG based on cellular signalling pathways,which reflects the flexibility of TCM in treating diseases and the advantages of multi-level,multipathway,and multi-target treatments for HPAG.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis Traditional Chinese medicine Signalling pathway Eliminate pathogens Strengthen the body

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A Cross-Country Analysis of GDPR Cookie Banners and Flexible Methods for Scraping Them

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Nouwens, Midas Kristensen, Janus Bager Maalt, Kristjan Bagge, Rolf Digital Design and Information Studies Aarhus University Denmark Center for Advanced Visualisation and Interaction Aarhus University Denmark Business Development and Technology Aarhus University Denmark

Online tracking remains problematic, with compliance and ethical issues persisting despite regulatory efforts. Consent interfaces, the visible manifestation of this industry, have seen significant attention over the years. We present robust automated methods to study the presence, design, and third-party suppliers of consent interfaces at scale and the web service *** to do it with. We examine the top 10,000 websites across 31 countries under the ePrivacy Directive and GDPR (n=254.148). Our findings show that 67% of websites use consent interfaces, but only 15% are minimally compliant, mostly because they lack a reject option. Consent management platforms (CMPs) are powerful intermediaries in this space: 67% of interfaces are provided by CMPs, and three organisations hold 37% of the market. There is little evidence that regulators’ guidance and fines have impacted compliance rates, but 18% of compliance variance is explained by CMPs. Researchers should take an infrastructural perspective on online tracking and study the factual control of intermediaries to identify effective leverage points. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Web services

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Dynamics of jet formation in inertial droplet

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International Journal of Multiphase Flow 2025年 189卷

作者： Senapati, Arahata Singh, Gaurav Atta, Arnab Lakkaraju, Rajaram Advanced Technology Development Center Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India Group Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India

We present a numerical investigation of a suddenly accelerated droplet in a surrounding viscous liquid, which exposes the droplet to inertial forces until it eventually comes to a stop. Using the volume of fluid method, we observed that as the droplet moves, it generates a toroidal vortex, and a high-speed liquid jet develops at its rear, with speeds exceeding the droplet's speed by at least an order of magnitude. Our study focused on droplet deformation and liquid jet characteristics across a range of Weber numbers (We) from 13 to 200 and Ohnesorge numbers (Oh) from 10−4 to 10−2. Based on the characteristics of the jets, we classified them into three categories: (1) weak jets that cannot penetrate the rear side of the droplet for 1350. Our results indicate that droplet deformation is independent of the Ohnesorge number (Oh). We developed a semi-analytical theory based on the energy analysis to predict the maximum jet speed. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Viscous flow

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Effect of Laves-decorated dendrite structure on hydrogen embrittlement in selective laser-melted nickel-based alloy

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Journal of Materials Science and technology 2025年 239卷 1-15页

作者： Xu, Zhao Zhu, Yujie Liu, Saiyu Li, Weipeng Chen, Jiacheng Gao, Kewei Shi, Rongjian Pang, Xiaolu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Technology and Equipment University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute Suzhou215004 China CGN Uranium Development Co. LTD. CGN Advanced Fuel Development Center Yangjiang529500 China

The effects of the Laves-decorated dendrite structure on the hydrogen-assisted cracking behavior of the SLM-718 alloy were investigated. The Laves phase exhibits a hydrogen desorption activation energy of 47.67 ± 7.85 kJ mol−1. The results of in situ scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy and hydrogen microprint technique provide direct evidence of the hydrogen trapping by the Laves phase. The high-density dendrite walls consisting of entangled dislocations exhibit an inhibitory effect on hydrogen diffusion. Atomic-scale characterization reveals that dislocation stacking at the Laves/γ-matrix interface induces the formation of dislocation defects and a high-stress concentration in the Laves phase. The presence of hydrogen further promotes the formation of micropore defects and the embrittlement of the Laves phase. Hydrogen-promoted dislocation slip localization and hydrogen-induced reduction of interatomic bonding are the primary reasons for the Laves phase fracture and debonding at the Laves/γ-matrix interface. The coalescence of micropore defects ultimately leads to hydrogen-induced crack formation. © 2025

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement

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