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IEEE/ACM Annual Workshop on Emerging Parallel and Distributed Runtime Systems and Middleware (IPDRM)

作者： Ying Song Mingjie Yang Bo Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China Software Engineering College Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Henan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475099

Erasure-coded storage is widely used to reduce the data redundancy and improve the reliability of the storage system compared to replication storage. The traditional approach to fault recovery research relies mostly on passive recovery, which occurs when data loss is detected. But passive recovery reduces the system's reliability. At present, machine learning methods can accurately predict soon-to-fail (STF) disks. Based on successfully predicted disk failures, we propose a method to proactively recover data in disks by using local erasure coding within nodes, called LEC-PR (Local EC Proactive Recovery). By migrating and recovering the data in advance, the reliability of the data can be improved. LEC-PR reduces cross-node recovery times and cross-node traffic during proactive data recovery by encoding part of the data blocks inside each node into parity blocks, which are placed in other nodes. As compared to the existing method, LEC-PR can reduce cross-node traffic by 35% and shorten recovery time by up to 69%.

关键词： Schedules Codes Runtime Conferences Redundancy Machine learning Bandwidth

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STDEN: Towards Physics-Guided Neural Networks for Traffic Flow Prediction

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ji, Jiahao Wang, Jingyuan Jiang, Zhe Jiang, Jiawei Zhang, Hu State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science & Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering The University of Florida United States MOE Engineering Research Center of Advanced Computer Application Technology School of Computer Science & Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

High-performance traffic flow prediction model designing, a core technology of Intelligent Transportation System, is a long-standing but still challenging task for industrial and academic communities. The lack of integration between physical principles and data-driven models is an important reason for limiting the development of this field. In the literature, physics-based methods can usually provide a clear interpretation of the dynamic process of traffic flow systems but are with limited accuracy, while data-driven methods, especially deep learning with black-box structures, can achieve improved performance but can not be fully trusted due to lack of a reasonable physical basis. To bridge the gap between purely data-driven and physics-driven approaches, we propose a physics-guided deep learning model named Spatio- Temporal Differential Equation Network (STDEN), which casts the physical mechanism of traffic flow dynamics into a deep neural network framework. Specifically, we assume the traffic flow on road networks is driven by a latent potential energy field (like water flows are driven by the gravity field), and model the spatio-temporal dynamic process of the potential energy field as a differential equation network. STDEN absorbs both the performance advantage of data-driven models and the interpretability of physics-based models, so is named a physics-guided prediction model. Experiments on three real-world traffic datasets in Beijing show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by a significant margin. A case study further verifies that STDEN can capture the mechanism of urban traffic and generate accurate predictions with physical meaning. The proposed framework of differential equation network modeling may also cast light on other similar applications. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Differential equations

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Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algorithm-driven Feature Selection

Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algori...

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IT and Industrial Technologies (ICIT), International Conference on

作者： Fatima Faridoon Raja Hashim Ali Zain Ul Abideen Nazia Shahzadi Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Usama Arshad Nisar Ali Muhammad Imad Said Nabi Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder frequently found in women of reproductive age having a significant impact on the cause of infertility. It is an endocrine condition characterized by abnormalities in female hormone levels and aberrant synthesis of male hormones. This syndrome causes ovarian malfunction, increasing the risk of miscarriage and infertility. PCOS has a wide range of symptoms, making a diagnosis difficult. In this study, we proposed a feature selection method based on genetic algorithm with logistic regression to increase the accuracy of early diagnosis. A dataset containing the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 109 patients, including 36 with PCOS, is used. The genetic algorithm is used to extract the most important features from the dataset. Then, a logistic regression model is used for classification. The proposed model outperformed the baseline model that used all features, which had an accuracy of 86.2%, and produced a markedly improved accuracy of 95.4%. These results show that the proposed model effectively locates key characteristics for PCOS diagnosis.

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Exploiting Partial Observability and Optimized Simple State Representations in Deep Q-Learning

Exploiting Partial Observability and Optimized Simple State ...

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Frontiers of Information technology (FIT)

作者： Danyaal Mahmood Usama Arshad Raja Hashim Ali Zain Ul Abideen Muhammad Huzaifa Shah Talha Ali Khan Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Nisar Ali Abu Bakar Siddique Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

The advent of deep Q-learning has opened up new possibilities in training autonomous agents to perform intelligently in intricate settings. This research work examines the potential of deep Q-learning in the paradigmatic Snake game, which requires an agent to navigate a grid, ingest food items, and avoid collisions. We incorporated a partially observable game state, introducing a novel level of difficulty to the task. Our proposed approach utilizes a straightforward feed-forward neural network to estimate Q-values of potential actions, given the current state. The agent progressively learns to balance between exploration and exploitation, allowing it to navigate optimally in the game scenario. Most existing studies in deep Q-learning for the Snake game overlook the complexities posed by partial observability, focusing mainly on fully observable state representations. Furthermore, the majority of the investigations delve into the efficacy of complex neural network architectures, leaving a gap in the understanding of the performance of more simplistic feed-forward networks. Our study fills this gap by offering an in-depth exploration and analysis of deep Q-learning strategies, especially when applied to partially observable game states and simple neural networks. Simulations and results reveal that adopting simpler state representations can significantly boost the agent’s performance in the Snake game. A more detailed and intricate reward function is also observed to enhance the agent’s decision-making skills and overall proficiency in the game. These observations underscore the significance of optimizing state representations and reward functions for maximizing the performance of deep Q-learning agents in the Snake game.

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Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detection models for NSL-KDD data sets

Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detecti...

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IT and Industrial Technologies (ICIT), International Conference on

作者： Muhammad Huzaifa Shah Muhammad Abu Bakar Raja Hashim Ali Zain Ul Abideen Usama Arshad Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Nisar Ali Muhammad Imad Said Nabi Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

This study investigates the application of the Mutual Information (MI) feature selection technique to improve the accuracy of Machine Learning (ML) models on NSL-KDD datasets, building upon prior research. Six ML models, namely Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with different kernels (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), are implemented for classification purposes. The proposed DT model in this study shows higher accuracy than the DT model proposed in the original paper by Ingre et al. for Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Additionally, a multi-class classification model for NSL-KDD datasets is developed, considering both normalized and non-normalized features. Interestingly, it is observed that the models trained without normalized features achieve higher accuracies compared to those trained with normalized features. Moreover, the study enhances the classification performance of the DT-based IDS using the Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS) technique for feature selection. The proposed IDS is evaluated both before and after feature selection for multi-class classification (normal and various attack types) and binary classification (normal and abnormal data).

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IRIS:A method for predicting in vivo RNA secondary structures using PARIS data

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Quantitative Biology 2020年第4期8卷 369-381页

作者： Jianyu Zhou Pan Li Wanwen Zeng Wenxiu Ma Zhipeng Lu Rui Jiang Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang Tao Jiang Bioinformatics Division BNRISTTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Software Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Department of Statistics University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Southern CaliforniaCA 90089USA Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA

Background:RNA secondary structures play a pivotal role in posttranscriptional regulation and the functions of non-coding RNAs,yet in vivo RNA secondary structures remain ***(Psoralen Analysis of RNA Interactions and Structures)is a recently developed high-throughput sequencing-based approach that enables direct capture of RNA duplex structures in ***,the existence of incompatible,fuzzy pairing information obstructs the integration of PARIS data with the existing tools for reconstructing RNA secondary structure models at the single-base ***:We introduce IRIS,a method for predicting RNA secondary structure ensembles based on PARIS *** generates a large set of candidate RNA secondary structure models under the guidance of redistributed PARIS reads and then uses a Bayesian model to identify the optimal ensemble,according to both thermodynamic principles and PARIS ***:The predicted RNA structure ensembles by IRIS have been verified based on evolutionary conservation information and consistency with other experimental RNA structural *** is implemented in Python and freely available at http://***:IRIS capitalizes upon PARIS data to improve the prediction of in vivo RNA secondary structure *** expect that IRIS will enhance the application of the PARIS technology and shed more insight on in vivo RNA secondary structures.

关键词： RNA secondary structure PARIS data in vivo structure ensembles incompatible reads

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MCAN: An Efficient Multi-Task Network for Facial Expression Analysis

MCAN: An Efficient Multi-Task Network for Facial Expression ...

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International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design

作者： Haitao Wang Rui Wang Peng Zou Qingjian Ni Xiao Sun College of Software Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei China Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (数字)9798350349184

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349191

With the development of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence technology is widely used in robots. For example, emotional computing robots need to be able to complete the function of facial expression analysis. The multi-task deep learning model MCAN proposed in this paper is designed to complete facial expression analysis for robots which can predict discrete expressions and dimensional measures. The class center loss function proposed in this paper can increase the inter-class distance while reducing the intra-class distance. In addition, multi-head attention network was improved to focus on different areas of the input image. Finally, feature pyramid network allows information exchange and fusion between feature maps at different levels. Experiments have proven that MCAN achieves excellent results on both the AffectNet dataset and the AFEW-VA dataset, and also speeds up inference.

关键词： Measurement Deep learning Federated learning Computational modeling Predictive models Multitasking Feature extraction

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Robot Soccer Using Deep Q Network

Robot Soccer Using Deep Q Network

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International Conference on Platform technology and Service (PlatCon)

作者： Jinwon Kim Bongsu Kim Jinwoo Yoon Marley Lee Sunah Jung Jae young Choi Center for Advanced Image and Information Technology Chon Buk National University Jeonju Chon Buk Korea Department of Software Engineering Chon Buk National University Jeonju Chon Buk Korea Department of Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea

Reinforcement Learning is one of brilliant way to develop intelligent agents in the field of Artificial Intelligence. This paper proposes a RL algorithm called Deep Q Network and presents applications of this algorithm to the decision-making problems challenged in the RoboCup. Four scenarios were defined to develop decision-making for a SSL in various situations using the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, a Convolutional Neural Network model was used as a function approximator in each application. The experimental results showed that the proposed Reinforcement Learning algorithm had effectively trained the Reinforcement Learning agent to acquire good decision making. The Reinforcement Learning agent showed good performance under specified experimental conditions.

关键词： Learning (artificial intelligence) Mobile robots Feature extraction Decision making

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Accelerating Wireless Federated Learning via Nesterov's Momentum and Distributed Principle Component Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dong, Yanjie Wang, Luya Chi, Yuanfang Wang, Jia Zhang, Haijun Yu, Fei Richard Leung, Victor C.M. Hu, Xiping The Faculty of Engineering Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen China The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China The Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

A wireless federated learning system is investigated by allowing a server and workers to exchange uncoded information via orthogonal wireless channels. Since the workers frequently upload local gradients to the server via bandwidth-limited channels, the uplink transmission from the workers to the server becomes a communication bottleneck. Therefore, a one-shot distributed principle component analysis (PCA) is leveraged to reduce the dimension of uploaded gradients such that the communication bottleneck is relieved. A PCA-based wireless federated learning (PCA-WFL) algorithm and its accelerated version (i.e., PCA-AWFL) are proposed based on the low-dimensional gradients and the Nesterov's momentum. For the non-convex loss functions, a finite-time analysis is performed to quantify the impacts of system hyper-parameters on the convergence of the PCA-WFL and PCA-AWFL algorithms. The PCA-AWFL algorithm is theoretically certified to converge faster than the PCA-WFL algorithm. Besides, the convergence rates of PCA-WFL and PCA-AWFL algorithms quantitatively reveal the linear speedup with respect to the number of workers over the vanilla gradient descent algorithm. Numerical results are used to demonstrate the improved convergence rates of the proposed PCA-WFL and PCA-AWFL algorithms over the benchmarks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Momentum

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WR-Former: Vision Transformer with Weight Reallocation Module for Robust Facial Expression Recognition

WR-Former: Vision Transformer with Weight Reallocation Modul...

引用

International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design

作者： Rui Wang Haitao Wang Peng Zou Xiao Sun Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei China College of Software Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (数字)9798350349184

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349191

Facial expression recognition(FER) is an exceedingly challenging task in the field of computer vision, primarily due to variant head poses, occlusions and illumination conditions. Previous methods focus on extracting more facial features to improve the performance on the FER benchmarks. However, most of them ignore the weights of the key regions. To address the above problem, this paper proposes a vision Transformer with weight reallocation module termed as WR-Former. The weight reallocation module utilizes a hybrid multi-head self-attention and can dynamically iterate during the training process. It guides the model to reallocate tokens based on the importance of different facial regions. Besides, a simple yet effective data augmentation method is proposed to expand training samples and improve the robustness. Experimental results and visualizations demonstrate that our WR-Former outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods and has the ability to better extract the features conveyed by the key facial regions.

关键词： Training Federated learning Face recognition Lighting Data visualization Transformers Feature extraction

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