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arXiv 2020年

作者： Ryan, S.D. McCarthy, Z. Potomkin, M. Department of Mathematics and Statistics Cleveland State University ClevelandOH44115 United States Center for Applied Data Analysis and Modeling Cleveland State University ClevelandOH44115 United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University TorontoON Canada Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics TorontoON Canada Centre for Disease Modelling York University TorontoON Canada Fields-CQAM Mathematics for Public Health Laboratory TorontoON Canada Department of Mathematics University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

Many cellular processes rely on the cell’s ability to transport material to and from the nucleus. Networks consisting of many microtubules and actin filaments are key to this transport. Recently, the inhibition of intracellular transport has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Furthermore, microtubules may contain so-called defective regions where motor protein velocity is reduced due to accumulation of other motors and microtubule associated proteins. In this work, we propose a new mathematical model describing the motion of motor proteins on microtubules which incorporate a defective region. We take a mean-field approach derived from a first principle lattice model to study motor protein dynamics and density profiles. In particular, given a set of model parameters we obtain a closed-form expression for the equilibrium density profile along a given microtubule. We then verify the analytic results using mathematical analysis on the discrete model and Monte Carlo simulations. This work will contribute to the fundamental understanding of inhomogeneous microtubules providing insight into microscopic interactions that may result in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Our results for inhomogeneous microtubules are consistent with prior work studying the homogeneous case. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Game theory of pandemic control: Can collaborative vaccine allocation strategies lead to better outcomes?

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IJID Regions 2025年 14卷 100535-100535页

作者： Yiwen Wang Yang Ye Xiaoyi Su Qingpeng Zhang Hsiang-Yu Yuan Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis Yale School of Public Health New Haven CT 06520 Department of Biostatistics City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China HKU Musketeers Foundation Institute of Data Science and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Biomedical Sciences Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Introduction Increasing vaccine uptake is an effective way to prevent COVID-19 infection in individual countries after the relaxation of social distancing. However, under the limited vaccine resources, vaccine inequality between high- and low-income countries can also produce more infection and cost. Reducing such inequality relies on a more cooperative (unselfish) strategy, such as vaccine donation from high-income countries, which may initially increase their cost. The study aims to analyze the impact of vaccine inequality on cooperative decision-making between two populations. The results provide important insights on achieving global control of infectious disease outbreaks. Material and Methods We developed a transmission model incorporating virus evolution under different vaccine-induced natural selection and the migration to allow a long-term repeated outbreak. Vaccine allocation strategies were implemented between two populations the high vaccine coverage population (HC) and the low coverage population (LC). A game theory approach was employed to explore whether pursuing minimum cost for both sides (cooperative strategy) or itself (non-cooperative strategy) for each population. We estimated the effect of each strategy on the total cost (i.e. the sum of vaccine, hospitalization and labor costs). The Nash equilibrium was obtained by minimizing their own cost for individual countries under different vaccine inequality scenarios (from low to high inequality). Results Under low inequality, both populations achieved the same optimal cost with both cooperative and non-cooperative strategies. Under medium or high inequality, both populations reached a Nash equilibrium with non-cooperative strategies and could not reach global optimum. When inequality was high, HC tended towards vaccine donation even though non-cooperative strategies were adopted. Discussion When inequality is high, although cooperative decisions can obtain global optimal outcomes, populations tend to

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Heterogeneous bacterial swarms with mixed lengths

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Peled, Shlomit Ryan, Shawn D. Heidenreich, Sebastian Bär, Markus Ariel, Gil Be’er, Avraham Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Sede Boqer Campus Midreshet Ben-Gurion84990 Israel Department of Mathematics and Statistics Cleveland State University ClevelandOH United States Center for Applied Data Analysis and Modeling Cleveland State University ClevelandOH United States Department of Mathematical Modelling and Data Analysis Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin Abbestrasse 2-12 BerlinD-10587 Germany Department of Mathematics Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan52000 Israel Department of Physics Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva84105 Israel

Heterogeneous systems of active matter exhibit a range of complex emergent dynamical patterns. In particular, it is difficult to predict the properties of the mixed system based on its constituents. These considerations are particularly significant for understanding realistic bacterial swarms, which typically develop heterogeneities even when grown from a single cell. Here, mixed swarms of cells with different aspect ratios are studied both experimentally and in simulations. In contrast with previous theory, there is no macroscopic phase segregation. However, locally, long cells act as nucleation cites, around which aggregates of short, rapidly moving cells can form, resulting in enhanced swarming speeds. On the other hand, high fractions of long cells form a bottle-neck for efficient swarming. Our results suggest a new physical advantage for the spontaneous heterogeneity of bacterial swarm populations. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cells

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Extracellular vesicles present in bone, blood and extracellular matrix have distinctive characteristics and biologic roles

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Journal of Immunology and Regenerative Medicine 2022年 18卷

作者： Madeline C. Cramer William A. D'Angelo Marley J. Dewey Allison M. Manuel Steven J. Mullett Stacy G. Wendell Dobrawa Napierala Peng Jiang Stephen F. Badylak Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Health Sciences Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Center for Craniofacial Regeneration Department of Oral Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA Center for Applied Data Analysis and Modeling Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA

Introduction Extracellular vesicles (EV) have long been recognized as an important means of cell to cell communication, but current metrics to delineate various subpopulations of EV are limited. Recently, a distinctive subpopulation of EV embedded within the extracellular matrix of soft tissues, termed matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV), has been described. Although the lipid membrane composition and intravesicular cargo of MBV clearly differ from liquid phase EV (i.e. exosomes), a more comprehensive characterization of the physical and biologic properties of MBV vs. exosomes and those of a separate subpopulation of EV, specifically bone matrix vesicles, would contribute to our understanding of the biogenesis and physiologic role of these three EV subpopulations. Results The physical characteristics, protein and miRNA cargo profiling, vesicle membrane lipidomics, and immunomodulatory activity were used to compare skeletal muscle-derived MBV, liquid phase plasma exosomes, and mineralization-competent matrix vesicles of provisional bone matrix. We show that despite similar physical characteristics, these three preparations of EV represent distinct entities with different biologic activity. Conclusion These results inform metrics for the categorization of EV and provide tools for the isolation of EV for potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles Matrix bound nanovesicles Exosomes Calcifying matrix vesicles Immunomodulation

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Correction to: On the utility of RNA sample pooling to optimize cost and statistical power in RNA sequencing experiments

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BMC genomics 2020年第1期21卷 384页

作者： Alemu Takele Assefa Jo Vandesompele Olivier Thas Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modeling Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium. alemutakele.assefa@UGent.be. Department of Biomolecular Medicine Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium. Cancer Research Institute Ghent Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Center for Medical Genetics Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modeling Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium. National Institute for Applied Statistics Research Australia (NIASRA) University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia. Data Science Institute I-BioStat Hasselt University Hasselt Belgium.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

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Correction: Clinical and laboratory features associated with macrophage activation syndrome in Still's disease: data from the international AIDA Network Still's Disease Registry

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Internal and emergency medicine 2024年第1期19卷 255-257页

作者： Paola Triggianese Antonio Vitale Giuseppe Lopalco Henrique Ayres Mayrink Giardini Francesco Ciccia Ibrahim Al-Maghlouth Piero Ruscitti Petros Paul Sfikakis Florenzo Iannone Isabele Parente de Brito Antonelli Martina Patrone Kazi Nur Asfina Ilenia Di Cola Katerina Laskari Carla Gaggiano Abdurrahman Tufan Paolo Sfriso Lorenzo Dagna Roberto Giacomelli Andrea Hinojosa-Azaola Gaafar Ragab Lampros Fotis Haner Direskeneli Veronica Spedicato Marilia Ambiel Dagostin Daniela Iacono Hebatallah Hamed Ali Paola Cipriani Jurgen Sota Riza Can Kardas Sara Bindoli Corrado Campochiaro Luca Navarini Stefano Gentileschi Eduardo Martín-Nares Jiram Torres-Ruiz Moustafa Ali Saad Katerina Kourtesi Fatma Alibaz-Oner Gizem Sevik Annamaria Iagnocco Joanna Makowska Marcello Govoni Sara Monti Maria Cristina Maggio Francesco La Torre Emanuela Del Giudice José Hernández-Rodríguez Elena Bartoloni Giacomo Emmi Maria Sole Chimenti Armin Maier Gabriele Simonini Giovanni Conti Alma Nunzia Olivieri Maria Tarsia Amato De Paulis Alberto Lo Gullo Ewa Więsik-Szewczyk Ombretta Viapiana Benson Ogunjimi Samar Tharwat Sukran Erten Rossana Nuzzolese Anastasios Karamanakos Micol Frassi Alessandro Conforti Valeria Caggiano Achille Marino Gian Domenico Sebastiani Antonio Gidaro Enrico Tombetti Francesco Carubbi Giovanni Rubegni Alessandra Cartocci Alberto Balistreri Claudia Fabiani Bruno Frediani Luca Cantarini Rheumatology Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy. University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy. Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases Behçet's Disease Clinic and Rheumatology-Ophthalmology Collaborative Uveitis Center University of Siena Siena Italy. vitale.reumatologia@***. UOC Reumatologia Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese ERN-RITA Center Siena Italy. vitale.reumatologia@***. Policlinico "Le Scotte" Viale Bracci 1 53100 Siena Italy. vitale.reumatologia@***. Rheumatology Unit Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation University of Bari Bari Italy. Rheumatology Division Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das Clínicas Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil. Department of Precision Medicine Università Degli Studi Della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy. Rheumatology Unit Department of Medicine College of Medicine King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. College of Medicine Research Center College of Medicine King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Rheumatology Unit Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L'Aquila L'Aquila Italy. Joint Academic Rheumatology Program National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School Athens Greece. Department of Medical Sciences Surgery and Neurosciences Research Center of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases Behçet's Disease Clinic and Rheumatology-Ophthalmology Collaborative Uveitis Center University of Siena Siena Italy. UOC Reumatologia Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese ERN-RITA Center Siena Italy. Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Ankara Turkey. Rheumatology Unit Department of Medicine (DIMED) University of Padova Padua Italy. Unit of Immunology Rheumatology Allergy and Rare Diseases IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Milan Italy. Vita-Salute Sa

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INTRODUCTION

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific Ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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Health co-benefits of post-COVID-19 low-carbon recovery in Chinese cities

Nature Cities

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Nature Cities 2024年 695-705页

作者： Chenxi Lu Felix Creutzig Jiawei Hu Yingjian Huang Huibin Mo Ying Yu Yun Li Da Huo Xuanren Song Xiaoting Huang Zhu Liu Yun Sun Kai Liu Shaohui Zhang Karyn Morrissey Jinpyo Hong Zhu Deng Zhuanjia Du Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Sustainability Economics of Human Settlements Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Alibaba Cloud Hangzhou China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Data-Driven EnviroLab Department of Public Policy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Faculty of Engineering Science Department of Architecture KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Geography King’s College London London UK Guangdong Holdings Limited Guangzhou China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Laxenburg Austria Division for Climate and Energy Policy Department of Technology Management and Economics Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark School of Engineering Brown University Providence RI USA Department of Geography University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Department of Political Science Columbia University New York NY USA

Post-pandemic green recovery is pivotal in achieving global sustainable development goals by simultaneously revitalizing economies and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution and improving public welfare. However, subnational and city-level understanding of green recovery, its efficacy and its alignment with public health is poorly understood. Here we focus on post-COVID-19 low-carbon recovery—economic growth combined with reduced carbon emissions—and explore health co-benefits in Chinese cities. A novel near-real-time daily carbon emission dataset of 48 cities in China is developed, coupled with detailed health and economic municipal statistics and models. We find that, on average, six low-carbon-recovery cities, mainly megacities, saved 1.2 times as many lives per 100,000 population compared with the 42 other cities, and their annual monetary avoided premature deaths per 100,000 population was 1.5 times more than the 42 other cities. The accumulated monetary health co-benefits for low-carbon-recovery cities were US$ 4.2 billion (95% confidence interval, 2.1–6.3) during the post-COVID-19 period. We show that government spending on electric vehicles increases the likelihood of achieving low-carbon recovery in Chinese cities. Our results underscore the significant health co-benefits of low-carbon recovery, pointing to synergies between advancing local welfare and global environmental objectives.

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Worldwide Soundscapes: A Synthesis of Passive Acoustic Monitoring Across Realms

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Global Ecology and Biogeography 2025年第5期34卷

作者： Kevin F. A. Darras Rodney A. Rountree Steven L. Van Wilgenburg Anna F. Cord Frederik Pitz Youfang Chen Lijun Dong Agnès Rocquencourt Camille Desjonquères Patrick Mauritz Diaz Tzu-Hao Lin Théophile Turco Louise Emmerson Tom Bradfer-Lawrence Amandine Gasc Sarah Marley Marcus Salton Laura Schillé Paul J. Wensveen Shih-Hung Wu Adriana C. Acero-Murcia Orlando Acevedo-Charry Matyáš Adam Jacopo Aguzzi Irmak Akoglu M. Clara P. Amorim Mina Anders Michel André Alexandre Antonelli Leandro Aparecido Do Nascimento Giulliana Appel Stephanie Archer Christos Astaras Andrey Atemasov Jamieson Atkinson Joël Attia Emanuel Baltag Luc Barbaro Fritjof Basan Carly Batist Julio Ernesto Baumgarten Just T. Bayle Sempere Kristen Bellisario Asaf Ben David Oded Berger-Tal Frédéric Bertucci Matthew G. Betts Iqbal S. Bhalla Thiago Bicudo Marta Bolgan Sara Bombaci Gerard Bota Martin Boullhesen Robert A. Briers Susannah Buchan Michal Budka Katie Burchard Giuseppa Buscaino Alice Calvente Marconi Campos-Cerqueira Maria Isabel Carvalho Gonçalves Maria Ceraulo Maite Cerezo-Araujo Gunnar Cerwén Adams A. Chaskda Maria Chistopolova Christopher W. Clark Kieran D. Cox Benjamin Cretois Chapin Czarnecki Luis P. da Silva Wigna da Silva Laurence H. De Clippele David de la Haye Ana Silvia de Oliveira Tissiani Devin de Zwaan M. Eugenia Degano Jessica Deichmann Joaquin del Rio Christian Devenish Ricardo Díaz-Delgado Pedro Diniz Dorgival Diógenes Oliveira-Júnior Thiago Dorigo Saskia Dröge Marina Duarte Adam Duarte Kerry Dunleavy Robert Dziak Simon Elise Hiroto Enari Haruka S. Enari Florence Erbs Britas Klemens Eriksson Pınar Ertör-Akyazi Nina C. Ferrari Luane Ferreira Abram B. Fleishman Paulo J. Fonseca Bárbara Freitas Nicholas R. Friedman Jérémy S. P. Froidevaux Svetlana Gogoleva Carolina Gonzaga José Miguel González Correa Eben Goodale Benjamin Gottesman Ingo Grass Jack Greenhalgh Jocelyn Gregoire Samuel Haché Jonas Hagge William Halliday Antonia Hammer Tara Hanf-Dressler Sylvain Haupert Samara Haver Becky Heath Daniel Hending Jose Hernandez-Blanco Dennis Higgs EFNO ECODIV INRAE Domaine des Barres Nogent-sur-Vernisson France Sustainable Agricultural Systems & Engineering Lab School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Chair of Computational Landscape Ecology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Biology Department University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada The Fish Listener Waguoit Massachusetts USA Terrestrial Unit Prairie Region Canadian Wildlife Service Environment & Climate Change Canada Prairie & Northern Wildlife Research Centre Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Agro-ecological Modeling Group Faculty of Agriculture University of Bonn Bonn Germany Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Department of Deep Sea Science Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Sanya Hainan China Institut de Systématique Évolution Biodiversité Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris France Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LECA Grenoble France Climate Change and Biodiversity Hanns R. Neumann Stiftung Indonesia Muaradua Indonesia Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei Taiwan ENES Bioacoustics Research Laboratory University of Saint-Etienne CRNL CNRS UMR 5292 Inserm UMR_S 1028 Saint-Etienne France Australian Antarctic Division Science Branch Department of Climate Change Energy Environment and Water Channel Highway Kingston Tasmania Australia Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling Scotland Centre for Conservation Science RSPB Edinburgh UK IMBE Aix Marseille Univ Avignon Univ CNRS IRD Aix-en-Provence France Scotland's Rural College Craibstone Estate Aberdeen UK BIOGECO INRAE University of Bordeaux Cestas France Westman Islands Research Centre University of Iceland Vestmannaeyjar Iceland Qigu Research Center Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute Nantou County Taiwan Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia

Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this gap, we created the Worldwide Soundscapes project, a collaborative network and growing database comprising metadata from 416 datasets across all realms (terrestrial, marine, freshwater and subterranean). Location Worldwide, 12,343 sites, all ecosystem types. Time Period 1991 to present. Major Taxa Studied All soniferous taxa. Methods We synthesise sampling coverage across spatial, temporal and ecological scales using metadata describing sampling locations, deployment schedules, focal taxa and audio recording parameters. We explore global trends in biological, anthropogenic and geophysical sounds based on 168 selected recordings from 12 ecosystems across all realms. Results Terrestrial sampling is spatially denser (46 sites per million square kilometre—Mkm 2 ) than aquatic sampling (0.3 and 1.8 sites/Mkm 2 in oceans and fresh water) with only two subterranean datasets. Although diel and lunar cycles are well sampled across realms, only marine datasets (55%) comprehensively sample all seasons. Across the 12 ecosystems selected for exploring global acoustic trends, biological sounds showed contrasting diel patterns across ecosystems, declined with distance from the Equator, and were negatively correlated with anthropogenic sounds. Main Conclusions PAM can inform macroecological studies as well as global conservation and phenology syntheses, but representation can be improved by expanding terrestrial taxonomic scope, sampling coverage in the high seas and subterranean ecosystems, and spatio-temporal replication in freshwater habitats. Overall, this

关键词： ARU automated sound recorder biodiversity conservation biology ecoacoustics IUCN GET realm Passive Acoustic Monitoring phenology soundscape ecology

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 3 Antwerp, Belgium. 15-20 July 2017 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 95-176页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Neuroscience Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Department Physiology & Pharmacology SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11203 USA NYU School of Engineering 6 MetroTech Center Brooklyn NY 11201 USA Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona 08028 Spain Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerrannée (INMED) INSERM UMR901 Aix-Marseille Univ Marseille France Center of Neural Science New York University New York NY USA Aix-Marseille Univ INSERM INS Inst Neurosci Syst Marseille France Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation CNRS UMR 8089 Université de Cergy-Pontoise 95300 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex France Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ENSAT Abdelmalek Essaadi’s University Tangier Morocco Laboratory of Natural Computation Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno 84084 Fisciano SA Italy Department of Medicine University of Salerno 84083 Lancusi SA Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi Aldo Moro Bari and INFN Sezione Di Bari Italy Data Analysis Department Ghent University Ghent Belgium Coma Science Group University of Liège Liège Belgium Cruces Hospital and Ikerbasque Research Center Bilbao Spain BIOtech Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento and IRCS-PAT FBK 38010 Trento Italy Department of Data Analysis Ghent University Ghent 9000 Belgium The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging University College London London WC1N 3BG UK Department of Electronic Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Blue Brain Project École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Departement of Mathematics Swansea University Swansea Wales UK Laboratory for Topology and Neuroscience at the Brain Mind Institute École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Institute of Mathematics University of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland UK Department of Integrativ

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