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Exploring scattering in a cylindrical duct containing plasma, vacuum, and dielectric media

Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第5期57卷 1-22页

作者： Rizvi, Shahana Afzal, Muhammad Department of Mathematics Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally32093 Kuwait

This study investigates the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a perfectly electric conducting cylindrical waveguide with a central chamber filled with cold plasma embedded in vacuum which is covered by dielectric layer in conducting cylinder. The mathematical modeling formulates a boundary value problem which is solved by using the mode-matching technique to analyze the scattering characteristics. This technique relies on the projection of solution on orthogonal bases. The development and application of orthogonality relations are useful to convert the differential system into linear algebraic systems, truncated and inverted for the solution. The validity of the truncated solution is confirmed by verifying the matching conditions, which demonstrate the perfect alignment of electric and magnetic fields at the two interfaces. The investigation focuses on the power flux in different regions of the waveguide, considering both transparency and non-transparency regimes. Computational results demonstrate energy propagation versus the properties of the medium and geometrical parameters of configuration. It is found that the plasma radius alterations do not significantly affect transmission, but influence the number of cut-on modes. In the transparency regime, one cut-on mode, consistently, exists across all chamber regions. In the non-transparency regime, the plasma region has no cut-on mode while the vacuum and dielectric regions exhibit one cut-on mode. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Infrared radiation

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Numerical simulation of steady incompressible flow of Maxwell hybrid nanofluid (MgO−Ag/H₂O) with thermal and flow behavior analysis

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Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects 2025年 41卷

作者： Abbas, Tasawar Nawaz, R. Department of Mathematics University of Wah Wah Cantt 47040 Pakistan Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait

This paper examines the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a hybrid nanofluid (HNF) over a radially stretching sheet under the applied magnetic field with heat transfer. The main objective is to investigate the consequence of the magnetic field strength, heat transfer, and non-Newtonian behavior on the velocity and thermal distribution of the Maxwell hybrid nanofluid (MHNF). The momentum equation captures the contribution due to the magnetic field and heat transfer along with the non-Newtonian viscous dissipation effect. Additionally, the energy equation is formulated to reflect heat transfer dynamics including thermal conduction, viscous dissipation, and a source term. The study also considers the thermophysical properties of the nanofluid, which are dynamic viscosity, density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity modeled through nanoparticle volume fractions. Boundary conditions at the wall and infinite distance are also provided for velocity and temperature profiles. Properties of hybrid nanofluids are computed through established mixing models considering both interactions of nanoparticles dispersed into a base fluid-water and water-based Ag and MgO nanoparticles. The proposed model is aimed at providing insight into the effects of magnetic field strength, heat transfer, and non-Newtonian behavior on the flow and heat transfer features of HNFs. The results show that an increased magnetic field parameter reduces the velocity profile caused by the Lorentz force-induced effect but increases the temperature profile through heat transfer. The slip parameter aids fluid motion by reducing drag but with a higher volume fraction of nanoparticles, thermal conductivity is enhanced while velocity decreases due to an increase in viscosity. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Hybrid nanofluid Incompressible flow Maxwell fluid Numerical simulation

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The study of glycerol type flow near ciliated walls

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Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications 2025年 10卷

作者： Salahuddin, T. Tariq, Saba Khan, Mair Afzal, M. Department of Mathematics Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250 Pakistan Department of Mathematics University College of Zhob BUITEMS Zhob 85200 Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Center for Applied and Bioinformatics Gulf University for Science & Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait

This study is based on the Williamson fluid model across the micro-wavy channel having ciliated walls. In animals, cilia is well known in the respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive zones of human beings and in the nervous system. The Poisson–Boltzmann equation is utilized to model electroosmotic phenomena. Applications for electro-osmotic fluid have several and include electro-osmoic fluid pumps, DNA testing, lab-on-chip devices, etc. The estimation of the long wavelength and very minimal Reynolds number approximations are used to solve the equations, and the solutions of the problem are obtained by applying perturbation method. The special outcomes of the physical parameters on different flow quantities including, axial velocity, temperature, pressure gradient, concentration and streamline distribution at the ciliated walls are discussed through graphs. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Chemical reaction Ciliated walls Electro-osmosis Heat generation Micro-wave channel Williamson fluid

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NON UNIFORM EXPANSION AND ADDITIVE NOISE IMPLY RANDOM HORSESHOES AND RANDOM TOWER

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lamb, Jeroen S.W. Tenaglia, Giuseppe Turaev, Dmitry International Research Center for Neurointelligence The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Gulf University for Science and Technology Halwally 32093 Kuwait Department of Mathematics Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom

We propose a notion of random horseshoe and prove density of random horseshoes and existence of a random young tower with exponential tail for non uniformly expanding random dynamical systems with additive noiseMSC Co... 详细信息

关键词： Lyapunov methods

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Low-order efficient Adams–Bashforth–Moulton methods for first-order IVPs with oscillating solutions

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Journal of Mathematical Chemistry 2025年第6期63卷 1496-1522页

作者： Lin, Chia-Liang Simos, Theodore E. The Faculty of Art and Design Quzhou College of Technology Quzhou 324000 China School of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Er Hao Da Jie 1158 Xiasha Hangzhou 310018 China Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics Gulf University for Science and Technology West Mishref 32093 Kuwait Section of Mathematics Department of Civil Engineering Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi Greece

The methodology for calculating the phase-lag and amplification-factor for both explicit and implicit multistep methods for first-order differential equations was recently developed by one of the authors. The objective of this study is to develop low-order Adams–Bashforth–Moulton predictor–corrector algorithms that eradicate phase-lag, amplification-factor. The stability regions of the newly established methodologies will also be highlighted. Furthermore, we will examine our results from numerical experiments employing the newly developed approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Adams–Bashforth methods Amplification fitting Initial value problems (IVPs) Multistep methods Numerical solution Phase fitting

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Minimal wave speed and traveling wave in nonlocal dispersion SIS epidemic model with delay

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Boundary Value Problems 2025年第1期2025卷 1-21页

作者： Darazirar, Rassim Yaseen, Rasha M. Mohsen, Ahmed A. Khan, Aziz Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics Hassiba Benbouali University Chlef 02000 Algeria Department of Biomedical Eng. Al-Khawarzmi college of engineering University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Mathematics Open Education College Baghdad Iraq Department of Mathematics College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham) University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University P.O. Box 66833 Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Medusa Garankuwa 0204 South Africa Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 South Korea Department of Medical Research China Medical University Taichung Taichung 40402 Taiwan

This study examines traveling wave solutions of the SIS epidemic model with nonlocal dispersion and delay. The research shows that a key factor in determining whether traveling waves exist is the basic reproduction number R0. In particular, the system permits nontrivial traveling wave solutions for σ≥σ∗ for R0>1, whereas there are no such solutions for σ<σ∗. This is because there is a minimal wave speed σ∗>0. On the other hand, there are no traveling wave solutions when R0≤1. In conclusion, we provide several numerical simulations that illustrate the existence of TWS. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Basic reproduction number Minimal wave speed SIS model Traveling waves

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Numerical solution of two dimensional time-fractional telegraph equation using Chebyshev spectral collocation method

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Partial Differential Equations in applied mathematics 2025年 13卷

作者： Kamran Ali Shah, Farman Shah, Kamal Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics Islamia College Peshawar Peshawar Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa 25120 Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University P.O. Box 66833 Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai Tamil Nadu 602105 India Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics School of Science and Technology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Ga-Rankuwa South Africa

The 2D telegraph equation has numerous applications, such as signal processing, diffusion of biological species, and modeling wave propagation in electrical transmission lines. In this article, we present an efficient numerical scheme for solving the 2D time-fractional telegraph equation using a hybrid approach coupling the Laplace transform (LT) with the spectral collocation method based on Chebyshev nodes (ChSCM). The inclusion of the Caputo derivative in the classical telegraph equation provides a more accurate model for representing anomalous diffusion and wave propagation in heterogeneous media. The LT is employed to handle the time variable, transforming the considered equation into a system of spatial equations. These are then efficiently solved using the ChSCM. In the final step of our suggested approach, the numerical inversion of LT is performed to recover the solution in the time domain. This hybrid approach results in an efficient and robust numerical method. The convergence, accuracy, and stability of the method are verified using numerical examples. The acquired results show the potential of this numerical scheme for approximating the 2D time-fractional partial differential equations. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Caputo derivative Laplace transform Modified Talbot's method Spectral method Telegraph equation

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Towards Invariance to Node Identifiers in Graph Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bechler-Speicher, Maya Eliasof, Moshe Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane Gilad-Bachrach, Ran Globerson, Amir Blavatnik School of Computer Science Tel-Aviv University Meta United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Bio-Medical Engineering Tel-Aviv University Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics Tel-Aviv University Google Research United States

Message-Passing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are known to have limited expressive power, due to their message passing structure. One mechanism for circumventing this limitation is to add unique node identifiers (IDs), which break the symmetries that underlie the expressivity limitation. In this work, we highlight a key limitation of the ID framework, and propose an approach for addressing it. We begin by observing that the final output of the GNN should clearly not depend on the specific IDs used. We then show that in practice this does not hold, and thus the learned network does not possess this desired structural property. Such invariance to node IDs may be enforced in several ways, and we discuss their theoretical properties. We then propose a novel regularization method that effectively enforces ID invariance to the network. Extensive evaluations on both real-world and synthetic tasks demonstrate that our approach significantly improves ID invariance and, in turn, often boosts generalization performance. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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On some integral inequalities of Grüss type involving the generalized fractional Saigo k-integral operator

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Heliyon 2025年第2期11卷 e41702页

作者： Abbas, Akhtar Mubeen, Shahid Khan, Aziz Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha Sargodha 40162 Pakistan Department of Mathematics Baba Guru Nanak University Nankana Sahib Pakistan Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Department of Mathematics and Science Prince Sultan University P.O. Box 66833 Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait Department of Medical Research China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University South Africa

Using the generalized Saigo fractional integral operator, the authors of this study prove several novel fractional integral inequalities of the Grüss type. By fixing the values of functions, specific situations derived from previously established findings are shown. The ultimate purpose of this work is to investigate the Grüss-type integral inequalities with the Saigo k-integral operator, a more generalized integral operator. We also elaborate on a few more outcomes and specific instances of the primary findings. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Generalized hypergeometric function Grüss integral inequalities Saigo's k-fractional integral operator

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On generalized fractal-fractional derivative and integral operators associated with generalized Mittag-Leffler function

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Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42144页

作者： Khan, Hira Rahman, Gauhar Samraiz, Muhammad Shah, Kamal Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara University Mansehra 21300 Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha P.O. Box 40100 Sargodha Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Department of Medical Research China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics School of Science and Technology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Ga-Rankuwa South Africa Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait

In recent years, the Atangana-Baleanu (AB) fractal-fractional derivatives are widely used in many fields. In 2017, Atangana defined such operators by utilizing one parameter Mittag-Leffler function (M-L) function. Such operators have not yet been studied for three parameters M-L function. In this paper, we discuss further modifications of Caputo Fabrizio (CF), AB and generalized Hattaf fractal-fractional (GHF) operators. We used the modified three parameters M-L function to define the generalized fractal-fractional (GFF) differential and integral operators. We study an innovative class of new generalized weighted differential and integral operators. We define the generalized fractal-fractional (GFF) differential and integral operators with generalized Mittag-Leffler (M-L) kernels, which are used to simulate the complex dynamics of several natural and physical phenomena in a variety of scientific and engineering domains. There are a few established features of the newly defined operators. An example of an application for this new class of GFF integral is presented. Also, we discussed the graphical comparison of this new GFF operator with the existing GHF, AB and CF derivatives. Our case is the more general case compared with the existing fractal-fractional operators. We have presented some novel results for the new operators both analytically and graphically. Also, we discussed some special cases by giving specific value to the parameter θ. All the classical operators are restored by applying certain conditions on parameters. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： AB operators CF operators Fractal fractional derivatives Fractal fractional integrals Fractional derivative Fractional integral GHF operators Laplace transform Mittag-Leffler function

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