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Design and performance test of hammer mill for processing of animal feed raw materials

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2957卷

作者： Suparlan Astu Unadi Maria Josefine Tjaturetna Budiastuti Arif Samudiantono Adji Parikesit Elita Rahmarestia Mulyani Research Center for Appropriate Technology National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Subang 41213 Indonesia Indonesian Center for Agricultural Engineering Research and Development Agency for Agricultural Research and Development Ministry of Agriculture Banten 15338 Indonesia

Animal feed is the most significant component of production cost in livestock cultivation, and its quality determines livestock productivity. Corn cobs are one alternative feed source containing high fiber and are relatively inexpensive. To utilize corn cobs as animal feed, they must be crushed into small particles to increase digestibility. This research aimed to design, manufacture, and test a prototype of a hammer mill suitable for small and medium enterprises. The hammer mill was designed and fabricated from locally available materials to grind feed raw materials such as corn cobs and corn kernels. The machine was driven using a diesel engine of 11 hp and equipped with two types of screens, with different size holes of 3 mm and 5 mm. The grinding process was achieved using a set of hammers in the crushing chamber. The material is crushed into small particles to pass through a semicircular screen hole under the crushing chamber. The results showed that the working capacity was in the range of 220 to 510 kg/h, depending on the kind of raw materials and the diameter of the screen used. The milling speed was in the range of 1954–1992 rpm. The fineness of the milled corn kernels and corn cobs were in the field of 0.105–2.380 mm and 0.125–2.380 mm, respectively. The fineness of the milled material depends on the size of the screen hole used. The fuel consumption for the grinding process was 1.10 l/h.

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Coffee-based appropriate technology implementation for community empowerment: Lesson learnt from rural community in Sumba Barat Daya 8

Coffee-based appropriate technology implementation for commu...

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8th International Symposium for Sustainable Humanosphere, ISSH 2018

作者： Wijayanti, F. Carolina Karim, M.A. Sudaryanto, A. Center of Appropriate Technology Development Indonesian Institute of Sciences Jl. K.S Tubun No 5 Subang West-Java41213 Indonesia

Implementation of appropriate technology is recognized as one of the significant approaches for community empowerment. The principle of localities embedded in defined appropriateness of technology as "people mattered" has always been challenged when it is applied. This paper discussed the findings from an action-research work in the traditional coffee community in Sumba Barat Daya - East Nusa Tenggara. Coffee cultivation, post-harvest handling, processing to ground coffee, are tradition practiced to fulfill their need. The tradition is in the contest when there is a demand from the modern market requiring an increase of quality and productivity. The result of this study showed that to empower community it requires integration of technology appropriateness which is economically profitable and socially acceptable, and to ensure sustainability, maintenance of induced knowledge and practices should be strengthened by local institutional establishment based on social capital. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

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Model of Mechanization Implementation on the Handling of Oil Palm Fronds (OPF) Waste into Compost and Mulch in Aceh Province, Indonesia 2

Model of Mechanization Implementation on the Handling of Oil...

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2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Environment and Food Security, AEFS 2018

作者： Bulan, R. Raju Safrizal Yasar, M. Sitorus, A. Department of Agricultural Engineering Syiah Kuala University Indonesia Department of Agricultural Engineering Universitas Sumatera Utara Indonesia Development Center for Appropriate Technology Indonesian Institute of Science LIPI Indonesia

The application of mechanization for waste handling in oil palm plantations should be done due to abundant waste of oil palm fronds (OPF). This study aims to examine the feasibility of applying mechanization in the handling of oil palm fronds with a dynamic model approach in the province of Aceh, Indonesia. The mechanization implementation model is designed with the placement scenario of its centralized and decentralized processing equipment. The results show that the mechanization system approach can be implemented in handle oil palm fronds waste. The management of the equipment with the current centralization shows the best scenario model. The results are expected to be a reference for oil palm planters to be able to apply their waste treatment with a mechanized approach of centralization. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Composting

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The important role of coffee agroecosystem for rural development 8

The important role of coffee agroecosystem for rural develop...

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8th International Symposium for Sustainable Humanosphere, ISSH 2018

作者： Carolina Wijayanti, F. Veronica, V. Biri, A.L. Center of Appropriate Technology Development Indonesian Institute of Sciences Jl. K.S Tubun No 5 Subang West-Java41213 Indonesia Regional Planning Research and Development Agency of Sumba Barat Daya Regency Indonesia

Rural development based on local resources utilization has been promoted as a strategy to achieve people prosperity in Indonesia. Although many studies have found that resource-based strategy is no longer relevant nowadays, for many areas this is still considered an appropriate approach. In order to examine the significance, we conducted a study in Sumba Barat Daya District of East Nusa Tenggara, focussing on coffee as one of the most abundant products in the region. Utilizing a socio-ecological approach, we collected data and information to depict the dynamics of coffee-based activities. A detailed study in Kadi Roma Village of Sumba Barat Daya on coffee ecosystem contribution to local community revealed that despite traditionally managed, coffee plays a significant role socially and economically. As a source of income to almost 17,000 smallholder farmers in Sumba Barat Daya, it can be concluded that coffee can become a gateway to attain successful rural development program. It also provides various opportunities for the community to participate which requires supportive innovation ecosystem to be established systematically by relevant local institutions, including include local government. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Regional planning

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Experimental Study on Fuel Consumption and Energy Efficiency at Soymilk Cooking Using a Mini Boiler and Using a Gas Stove 4

Experimental Study on Fuel Consumption and Energy Efficiency...

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4th International Conference on Science and technology, ICST 2018

作者： Hanifah, Umi Andrianto, Moeso Development Center of Appropriate Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Subang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538658130

This paper presents a comparison of fuel consumption and energy efficiency at soymilk cooking between using a gas stove and using a mini boiler. The experiment had been done at tofu production line at Subang. We used a tofu cooking stove that can be operated using a gas burner or using steam from a boiler. There were three experiments i.e. cook using a gas stove (A), cook using a gas boiler (B), cook using a wood pellet boiler (C). The highest of specific fuel consumption was based on cooking using a wood pellet mini boiler (0.157 kg fuel/kg tofu production) and the lowest one was cook using a gas boiler (0.047 kg fuel/kg tofu production). The highest of specific energy consumption of the soymilk cooking was cooking using a gas stove (3792 kJ/kg tofu production) and the lowest one was cook using a gas boiler (2076 kJ/kg tofu production). Soymilk cooking using a mini boiler could save the fuel cost and the cooking time compared with soymilk cooking using a gas stove, cooking using a wood pellet mini boiler was the cheapest and fastest one. The highest of energy efficiency was cooking using a gas boiler (59.24%) and the lowest one was cook using a gas stove (33.66%). © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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The Kinetics of Iodine Content Decreasein Fortified Rice During Storage

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021年第1期1053卷

作者： W Cahyadi Y Taufik S Yuliani DN Surahman Department of Food Technology Facultyof Engineering Pasundan University Bandung Indonesia Indonesian Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development Bogor Indonesia Research Center for Appropriate Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Subang Indonesia

Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is a major public health problem in several areas of the world, especially in developing countries. Iodine deficiency can cause goitre, cretinism, decrease of intelligence, mental retardation, brain damage, deaf-mutism, and cause miscarriage in pregnant women and stillbirth as well. The purpose of this research was to determine the stability of the iodine content and determine the kinetics of reaction rate of iodine content decrease in fortified rice during storage. The research was carried out in several steps, i.e. preparation of microcapsules containing iodine, fortification of microencapsulated iodine into rice, determination of iodine content in fortified riceand determination of the kinetics of iodine content decrease in fortified rice during storage. The determination of the kinetics of iodine content decrease in fortified rice was carried out using accelerated self-life test (ASLT) by Arrhenius equation *** that the average of kineticsrateofiodine content decrease in fortified rice (k) was 0.0141 mg kg−1hour−1 and 1.692 kcal mol−1K−1 of activation energy (Ea), which indicated that iodine content (as KIO3) in fortified rice was fairly stable during storage, although there was still a decrease in iodine content caused by several factors (i.e. temperature, atmosphere, humidity, oxygen and moisture content). The results showed also that the increase in storage temperature can cause the increment of the kinetics value (rate constant) of iodine content decrease. The longest shelf life of fortified rice was 92 days at storage temperature of 25°C.

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Performance prediction of adsorption self-cooling mobile container 6

Performance prediction of adsorption self-cooling mobile con...

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6th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Engineering and Application, ICSEEA 2018

作者： Taufan, Andi Enrico Panggabean, Benny Leonard Development Center for Appropriate Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Subang Indonesia Computer Science University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538666838

Solar thermal cooling technology utilization such as adsorption cooling system has attracted researchers as an alternative to conventional vapor compression system. The adsorption cooling system can utilize low-grade heat as its power source. This paper presents a numerical simulation of a new conceptual design of adsorption self-cooling mobile container to predict its adsorption performance. The container was mathematically modeled to calculate and simulate cooling power, COP, SCP, and the lowest temperature that could be obtained. The design consists of four main components namely the adsorption chamber, valve system, refrigerant chamber, and cabin chamber. Comparison between silica gel-water and zeolite-water had been investigated. The results show that evaporator temperature profile of the system with zeolite-water is better than the other working pair. Minimum value of the evaporator temperature is 18.14°C with zeolite-water as the working pair. The average cooling power, COP, and SCP during adsorption process are 1.48 J, 0.014, 0.984 W/kg, respectively. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Zeolites

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Cold water swelling starch: methods to prepare and recent applications

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021年第1期1011卷

作者： Achmat Sarifudin Enny Sholichah Woro Setiaboma Sunanta Tongta Research Center for Appropriate Technology Development Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Pusbang TTG-LIPI) Jl. K.S. Tubun No. 5 Subang 41213 West Java Indonesia. School of Food Technology Institute of Agricultural Technology Suranaree University of Technology Muang Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand.

Cold water swelling starch (CWSS) offers advantage of unique properties over its origin. Among methods available to prepare CWSS, heating starch in ethanol can be considered to be the simplest one. The unique features of CWSS are depending on its starch origin and degree of conversion; therefore, its application should be specific depending on the feature of CWSS. This review summarizes methods to produce CWSS, advantage of producing CWSS by heating starch in ethanol method, the most important features of CWSS that influence its applicability, and exploration on CWSS applications. We expect that this review will be beneficial for food industries that utilize modified starch as ingredient in their products as well as researchers who seek potential applications of CWSS.

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Experimental Study on Fuel Consumption and Energy Efficiency at Soymilk Cooking Using a Mini Boiler and Using a Gas Stove

Experimental Study on Fuel Consumption and Energy Efficiency...

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International Conference on Science and technology-Computer (ICST)

作者： Umi Hanifah Moeso Andrianto Development Center of Appropriate Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Subang Indonesia

关键词： Boilers Fuels Energy efficiency Energy consumption Dairy products Biomass

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Evaluation of Plasticizer Addition in Composite Edible Coating on Quality of Fresh-Cut Mangoes during Storage

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IOP Conference Series. Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期251卷 012029-012029页

作者： Afifah, N Ratnawati, L Darmajana, D A Development Center for Appropriate Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Subang Indonesia

A composite edible coating made from carrageenan - beeswax with two plasticizers was used to cover fresh-cut mangoes. The purpose of this research was to develop edible film with plasticizer treatment and investigate the effect of an edible coating on quality changes in fresh-cut mangoes during refrigerated storage. The film-forming solution was poured onto an acrylic plate 20x20 cm2 and dried at 50 °C for 24 hours in a cabinet dryer. Coated and uncoated mangoes were placed into styrofoam then over-wrapped with cling wrap and stored at 6°C for 6 days. Edible films containing two plasticizers had a higher thickness, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and solubility than the single plasticizer film. It was found that edible coatings could preserve a fresh-cut mango quality by reducing weight loss, delaying an increase in total soluble solids, maintaining pH, total acidity and growth of microorganisms. It also indicated no difference in sensory perception between the coated and the uncoated fresh-cut mangoes.

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