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Secure beamforming and deployment design for rate-splitting multiple access-based UAV communications

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 342-356页

作者： Bing WANG Xiaofeng TAO Shujun HAN Huici WU Kai YANG Zhu HAN National Engineering Research Center of Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston

Rate-splitting multiple access(RSMA) has recently gained attention as a potential robust multiple access(MA)scheme for upcoming wireless networks. Given its ability to efficiently utilize wireless resources and design interference management strategies, it can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) networks to provide convenient services for large-scale access ground users. However, due to the line-of-sight(LoS) broadcast nature of UAV transmission, information is susceptible to eavesdropping in RSMA-based UAV networks. Moreover, the superposition of signals at the receiver in such networks becomes complicated. To cope with the challenge, we propose a two-user multi-input single-output(MISO) RSMA-based UAV secure transmission framework in downlink communication networks. In a passive eavesdropping scenario, our goal is to maximize the sum secrecy rate by optimizing the transmit beamforming and deployment location of the UAV-base station(UAV-BS),while considering quality-of-service(QoS) constraints, maximum transmit power, and flight space limitations. To address the non-convexity of the proposed problem, the optimization problem is first decoupled into two subproblems. Then, the successive convex approximation(SCA) method is employed to solve each subproblem using different propositions. In addition, an alternating optimization(AO)-based location RSMA(L-RSMA) beamforming algorithm is developed to implement joint optimization to obtain the suboptimal solution. Numerical results demonstrate that(1) the proposed L-RSMA scheme yields a28.97% higher sum secrecy rate than the baseline L-space division multiple access(SDMA) scheme;(2) the proposed L-RSMA scheme improves the security performance by 42.61% compared to the L-non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) scheme.

关键词： rate-splitting multiple access UAV communication precoding optimization deployment location physical layer security

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Chattering-Free Fault-Tolerant Cluster Control and Fault Direction Identification for HIL UAV Swarm With Pre-Specified Performance

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 183-197页

作者： Pei-Ming Liu Xiang-Gui Guo Jian-Liang Wang Daniel Coutinho Lihua Xie the Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing the Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing IEEE Autonomous Intelligent Systems Department Hangzhou Innovation Institute of Beihang University the Department of Automation and Systems Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

In this paper, the problem of pre-specified performance fault-tolerant cluster consensus control and fault direction identification is solved for the human-in-the-loop(HIL) swarm unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) in the presence of possible nonidentical and unknown direction faults(NUDFs) in the yaw *** control strategy begins with the design of a pre-specified performance event-triggered observer for each individual *** observers estimate the outputs of the human controlled UAVs, and simultaneously achieve the distributed design of actual control signals as well as cluster consensus of the observer *** is worth mentioning that these observers require neither the high-order derivatives of the human controlled UAVs' output nor a priori knowledge of the initial conditions. The fault-tolerant controller realizes the pre-specified performance output regulation through error transformation and the Nussbaum function. It should be pointed out that there are no chattering caused by the jump of the Nussbaum function when a reverse fault occurs. In addition, to provide a basis for further solving the problem of physical malfunctions, a fault direction identification algorithm is proposed to accurately identify whether a reverse fault has occurred. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control and fault direction identification strategies when the reverse faults occur.

关键词： Chattering-free cluster consensus fault direction identification human-in-the-loop (HIL) nonidentical and unknown direction faults (NUDFs) pre-specified performance swarm unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

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Data-driven output regulation control for constrained linear systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 338-353页

作者： Chaoyu XIA Yi DONG Chaoli WANG Shengyuan XU Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous SystemsTongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology Department of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology

This study introduces a data-driven approach for state and output feedback control addressing the constrained output regulation problem in unknown linear discrete-time systems. Our method ensures effective tracking performance while satisfying the state and input constraints, even when system matrices are not available. We first establish a sufficient condition necessary for the existence of a solution pair to the regulator equation and propose a data-based approach to obtain the feedforward and feedback control gains for state feedback control using linear programming. Furthermore, we design a refined Luenberger observer to accurately estimate the system state, while keeping the estimation error within a predefined set. By combining output regulation theory, we develop an output feedback control strategy. The stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously proved to be asymptotically stable by further leveraging the concept of λ-contractive sets.

关键词： output regulation constrained system data-driven.

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Smart Water Networks as Cyber-Physical-Socio-Environmental Systems

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems 2025年 3卷 95-105页

作者： Eliades, Demetrios G. Malialis, Kleanthis Vrachimis, Stelios Polycarpou, Marios M. University of Cyprus KIOS Research and Innovation Center of Excellence Nicosia1678 Cyprus University of Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nicosia1678 Cyprus

This position paper introduces a novel Cyber-Physical-Socio-Environmental Systems (CPSES) framework for Smart Water Networks (SWN). The proposed framework introduces environmental aspects as a key constituent, which is important for addressing the interconnected challenges of water systems, such as climate change impacts, contamination risk, and sustainability. The CPSES framework dynamically incorporates interactions between physical components (sensors, actuators), cyber systems (control, monitoring, digital twins), social factors (policy, demand management, crisis response), and environmental impacts (emissions, resource availability). The significance of this framework lies in its potential to enable more resilient, sustainable, and secure SWNs by incorporating feedback loops among the CPSES constituents. Key CPSES research challenges are outlined, such as modeling the impacts of climate change, dynamic risk estimation, and ethical and fairness aspects within SWN. A real-world use case on water contamination crisis management demonstrates the framework's practical application and relevance for researchers. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Water pollution control

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Cascaded H-bridge Converter-Based Flexible Arc Suppression Method Adapting to Line Parameter Variations

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IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 2025年第8期40卷 11809-11819页

作者： Zhao, Guojun Guo, Moufa Zhang, Binlong Zheng, Zeyin Hong, Qiteng Fuzhou University College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou350108 China Yuan Ze University Department of Electrical Engineering Taoyuan32003 Taiwan Fujian Province University Engineering Research Center of Smart Distribution Grid Equipment Fuzhou350108 China University of Strathclyde Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering GlasgowG1 1RD United Kingdom

Single-phase grounding faults in distribution networks can generate arcs, posing significant risks such as electric shock and forest fires. The flexible arc suppression device is capable of suppressing the arc. However, traditional flexible arc suppression devices do not account for line voltage drop and asymmetry in ground parameters when calculating the injection current reference value. Consequently, changes in ground fault conditions can impair the effectiveness of zero residual current suppression, undermining the reliability of arc suppression. To address this issue, this paper proposes a flexible arc suppression method that adapts to line parameter variations. This paper provides a theoretical analysis of the differences between the newly deduced arc suppression algorithm and the original algorithm, with a focus on zero-sequence voltage regulation and ground fault current suppression. The analysis elucidates the law of parameter variations governing the dominant zero-sequence voltage difference after regulation. Subsequently, an adaptive injection current arc suppression algorithm is proposed based on this law, which accommodates changes in line parameters. Compared to traditional methods, the proposed algorithm demonstrates enhanced adaptability to variations in grounding fault parameters and significantly improves current suppression effectiveness. The correctness and feasibility of the method are validated through PSCAD/EMTDC simulations and physical experiments. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric grounding

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Detection of Perfect Stealthy Attacks on Cyber-Physical Systems Subject to Measurement Quantizations: A Watermark-Based Strategy

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 114-125页

作者： Yu-Ang Wang Zidong Wang Lei Zou Bo Shen Hongli Dong the College of Information Science and Technology Donghua University the Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology Ministry of Education IEEE the College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London Uxbridge the Sanya Offshore Oil and Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University the Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking and Intelligent Control Northeast Petroleum University

In this paper, the attack detection problem is investigated for a class of closed-loop systems subjected to unknownbutbounded noises in the presence of stealthy attacks. The measurement outputs from the sensors are quantized before transmission.A specific type of perfect stealthy attack, which meets certain rather stringent conditions, is taken into account. Such attacks could be injected by adversaries into both the sensor-toestimator and controller-to-actuator channels, with the aim of disrupting the normal data flow. For the purpose of defending against these perfect stealthy attacks, a novel scheme based on watermarks is developed. This scheme includes the injection of watermarks(applied to data prior to quantization) and the recovery of data(implemented before the data reaches the estimator).The watermark-based scheme is designed to be both timevarying and hidden from adversaries through incorporating a time-varying and bounded watermark signal. Subsequently, a watermark-based attack detection strategy is proposed which thoroughly considers the characteristics of perfect stealthy attacks,thereby ensuring that an alarm is activated upon the occurrence of such attacks. An example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed mechanism for detecting attacks.

关键词： Attack detection cyber-physical systems (CPSs) perfect stealthy attacks watermark-based strategy

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Cost-Effective FBG Demodulation for High-Temperature and Dynamic Strain via Modified Levenberg-Marquardt

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 17011-17017页

作者： Zhang, Guangyin Zhao, Kehao Wen, Hongqiao Wang, Qirui Wu, Zekun Zhong, Shuda Ma, Guangqun Venediktov, Evgenii Chen, Kevin P. University of Pittsburgh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PittsburghPA15261 United States Wuhan University of Technology National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks Wuhan430063 China

This article presents a high-resolution, signal-jump-free demodulation method for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) systems employing a low-cost spectrometer. Utilizing a modified logarithm Gaussian Levenberg-Marquardt (LGLM) method, the proposed approach enables precise and stable Bragg wavelength tracking. The principles of the LGLM method were thoroughly analyzed and derived, affirming the feasibility and robustness of the FBG system. Static experiments with nine sampling points demonstrated that the LGLM method achieves a standard deviation (STD) of 1.7 pm, representing a 6.9-fold improvement over conventional Gaussian fitting. Strain experiments confirmed a strong linear relationship between strain and Bragg wavelength, with dynamic strain measurements at a 6-kHz sampling rate, showing that the LGLM method effectively eliminates signal jumps observed in Gaussian fitting. At 500 Hz, the minimum detectable strain (MDS) of the LGLM method was determined to be 0.0173 µΕ/Hz−1/2, more than ten times better than Gaussian fitting. Temperature experiments conducted over a range of 100 ◦C– 700 ◦C further validated the method’s performance, with the LGLM achieving an STD of 1.56 pm and a variation of 3.4 pm, representing improvements of 10.25 times and 52.9 times, respectively, compared to Gaussian fitting. These findings demonstrate the exceptional sensitivity, stability, and robustness of the LGLM method for demanding applications, such as high-temperature monitoring and structural health diagnostics. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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Fast Demodulation of OFDR-Based Distributed Sensing Based on Enhanced Buneman Frequency Estimation

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年第9期43卷 4283-4289页

作者： Zhang, Zhaopeng Liu, Bo Liu, Xiao Li, Caiyun Alsalman, Osamah Zhu, Chen Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Novel Computing Sensing and Intelligent Processing Hangzhou311121 China King Saud University Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Riyadh11421 Saudi Arabia Missouri University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering RollaMO65409 United States

Aiming at realizing high-efficiency distributed strain sensing through optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR), this paper introduces a fast demodulation algorithm to determine strain-induced spectral shifts from coarse Rayleigh backscattering (RBS) cross-correlation spectra. The proposed approach employs an enhanced Buneman frequency estimation (BFE) algorithm, enabling direct spectral shift analysis across coarse signals. By applying this algorithm, the need for dense interpolation in the conventional cross-correlation demodulation process—typically required for a finer spectral sampling interval but at the cost of demodulation efficiency—can be eliminated. Both theoretical analysis and experimental investigation reveal the equivalence of the BFE and conventional algorithms in terms of underlying physical principles and resultant demodulation noise distribution, establishing a strong foundation for adopting the BFE algorithm to improve demodulation efficiency without sacrificing performance metrics. Demonstration experiments using identical hardware configurations show that the proposed BFE method enhances demodulation efficiency by over 17 times without sacrificing other performance metrics, confirming its effectiveness and practicality. This advancement holds promise for improving the practical application of OFDR-based distributed sensing systems. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Efficient Global Neural Architecture Search

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SN computer Science 2025年第3期6卷 1-12页

作者： Siddiqui, Shahid Kyrkou, Christos Theocharides, Theocharis Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus KIOS Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus

Neural architecture search (NAS) has shown promise towards automating neural network design for a given task, but it is computationally demanding due to training costs associated with evaluating a large number of architectures to find the optimal one. To speed up NAS, recent works limit the search to network building blocks (modular search) instead of searching the entire architecture (global search), approximate candidates’ performance evaluation in lieu of complete training, and use gradient descent rather than naturally suitable discrete optimization approaches. However, modular search does not determine network’s macro architecture i.e. depth and width, demanding manual trial and error post-search, hence lacking automation. In this work, we revisit NAS and design a navigable, yet architecturally diverse, macro-micro search space. In addition, to determine relative rankings of candidates, existing methods employ consistent approximations across entire search spaces, whereas different networks may not be fairly comparable under one training protocol. Hence, we propose an architecture-aware approximation with variable training schemes for different networks. Moreover, we develop an efficient search strategy by disjoining macro-micro network design that yields competitive architectures in terms of both accuracy and size. Our proposed framework achieves a new state-of-the-art on EMNIST and KMNIST, while being highly competitive on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and FashionMNIST datasets and being 2-4 times faster than the fastest global search methods. Lastly, we demonstrate the transferability of our framework to real-world computer vision problems by discovering competitive architectures for face recognition applications. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： AutoML Convolutional neural networks Deep learning Image classification Neural architecture search

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Field of view and angular-resolution enhancement in microlens array type virtual reality near-eye display using polarization grating

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Optics Express 2025年第1期33卷 263-278页

作者： Shin, Kwang-Soo Hong, Jisoo Han, Woongseob Park, Jae-Hyeung Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Hologram Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seoul03924 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

In this paper, we propose what we believe to be a novel method to enhance both the field of view and angular resolution of a microlens array-based thin virtual reality near-eye display using a polarization grating. The proposed system employs a polarization grating to steer the field angle according to the polarization states, simultaneously enhancing the field of view and angular resolution. Optical experiments and Zemax simulations validate the effectiveness of our approach, with the field of view in the experimental setup expanding from 58.8° to 95.17°. Additionally, the improvement in angular resolution was demonstrated experimentally by positioning two images with right-handed and left-handed circular polarization states at a half-pixel diagonal offset. The proposed method is expected to contribute to the advancement of virtual reality technology significantly by addressing the trade-off between field of view and resolution. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). All rights reserved.

关键词： Virtual environments

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