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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： R. Yadav A. K. Shah J. A. Loeb M. N. S. Swamy R. Agarwal Center for Signal Processing and Communications (CENSIPCOM) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Department of Neurology and. the Wayne State University School of Medicine

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441211

This paper presents a novel, unsupervised spike classification algorithm for intracranial EEG. The method combines template matching and principal component analysis (PCA) for building a dynamic patient-specific codebook without a priori knowledge of the spike waveforms. The problem of misclassification due to overlapping classes is resolved by identifying similar classes in the codebook using hierarchical clustering. Cluster quality is visually assessed by projecting inter- and intra-clusters onto a 3D plot. Intracranial EEG from 5 patients was utilized to optimize the algorithm. The resulting codebook retains 82.1% of the detected spikes in non-overlapping and disjoint clusters. Initial results suggest a definite role of this method for both rapid review and quantitation of interictal spikes that could enhance both clinical treatment and research studies on epileptic patients.

关键词： EEG Interictal spike Clustering PCA

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On gas detection and concentration estimation via mid-IR-based gas detection system analysis model

On gas detection and concentration estimation via mid-IR-bas...

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Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

作者： Yi Xin Joel M. Morris Communications and Signal Processing Laboratory (CSPL) Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department University of Maryland Baltimore County Catonsville MD USA

In recent decades, Laser-based spectroscopy (LAS) has been used in a wide range of research and application fields due to developments in laser technology and infrared spectroscopy. A particular application of interest is mid-IR laser-based gas detection systems for health and environment assessment. In this paper, we use our statistical analysis model for a generic mid-IR pulsed-laser gas detection system to predict trace gas detection and concentration estimation performance, and their sensitivity to system parameters. Based on PNNL data and the Beer-Lambert law, we use the three main spectral peaks of a trace gas, as the basis for gas detection, and use the relationship between gas transmittance β, molar absorptivity ε, concentration, and the sample-mean measurement, x N , from the photodetector, as the basis for concentration estimation using a standard confidence interval method.

关键词： Gas lasers Estimation Optical pulses Photodetectors Laser modes Cavity resonators

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A convex relaxation framework for initialization of activation-based inverse electrocardiography

A convex relaxation framework for initialization of activati...

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Joint Meeting of the International Symposium on Noninvasive Functional Source Imaging of the Brain and Heart and the International Conference on Functional Biomedical Imaging (NFSI-ICFBI)

作者： Burak Erem Peter M. van Dam Dana H. Brooks Communications and Digital Signal Processing Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Donders Institute of Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands

In inverse electrocardiography (ECG), the problem of finding activation times on the heart noninvasively from body surface potentials is typically formulated as a nonlinear least squares optimization problem. Current solutions rely on iterative algorithms which are sensitive to the presence of local minima. As a result, improved initialization approaches for this problem have been of considerable interest. In this work, we establish a mathematical optimization framework for the inverse problem, formally show that it is non-convex, and construct a convex relaxation whose solution we use to initialize an iterative algorithm for the original problem. We use simulated experiments based on real canine heart data to test and evaluate this method.

关键词： Optimization Electrocardiography Surface waves Convex functions signal to noise ratio Heart beat

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A New On-Line/Off-Line Adaptive Antenna Array Beamformer for Tracking the Mobile Targets

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International Journal of communications, Network and System Sciences 2011年第5期4卷 304-312页

作者： Shahriar Shirvani Moghaddam Mahyar Shirvani Moghaddam 1Digital communications signal Processing Research Lab. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University (SRTTU) Tehran Iran 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Advanced Communication Research Institute Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

An adaptive antenna array system adjusts the main lobe of radiation pattern in the direction of desired signal and points the nulls in the direction of undesired signals or interferers. The essential goal of beamforming is to reduce the complexity of weighting process and to decrease the time needed for adjusting the antenna radiation pattern. In this article a new adaptive weighting algorithm is proposed for both least mean squares (LMS) and constant modulus (CM) algorithms. It is appropriate and applicable for antenna array systems with moving targets and also mobile applications as well as sensor networks. By predicting the relative velocity of source, the next location of the source will be estimated and the array weights will be determined using LMS or CM algorithm before arriving to the new point. For the next time associated to the new sampling point, evaluated weights will be used. Furthermore, by updating these weights between two consecutive times the effects of error propagation will be eliminated. Therefore, in addition to reduction in computational complexity at the time of weight allocation, relatively accurate weight allocation can be obtained. Simulation results of this investigation show that the angular error related to both LMS-based and CM-based algorithms is less than the conventional LMS and CM algorithms at different signal to noise ratios (SNRs). On the other hand, due to considering off-line process, online computational complexity of new algorithms is slightly low with respect to previous ones.

关键词： Beamforming Adaptive Antenna Array LMS CM Training-Based Blind

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Single and Multiple Estimation in MIMO Rician Fading Channels

Single and Multiple Estimation in MIMO Rician Fading Channel...

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International Conference on computer Communication and Management（ICCCM 2011）

作者： Hamid Nooralizadeh Shahriar Shirvani Moghaddam Faculty Member of Electrical Engineering Department Islamshahr Branch Islamic Azad University Digital Communications Signal Processing (DCSP) Research Lab. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University (SRTTU)

In this paper, the performance of the Single-Estimation （SE） and Multiple-Estimation （ME） is investigated in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output （MIMO） Rician fading channels using the Maximum Likelihood （ML） technique and the new Shifted Scaled Least Squares （SSLS） estimator. Analytical and numerical results show that both estimators have lower error in the case of ME than SE. Moreover, it is seen that increasing the channel Rice factor improves the performance of the SSLS estimator. However, the ML estimator cannot exploit the knowledge of the Rician fading channel. As a result, in fast fading MIMO channels with a short coherence time, the SSLS estimator can be used in SE mode. On the other hand, the ML estimator has only good results in the case of ME. This estimator is appropriate for slow fading MIMO channels with a long coherent time.

关键词： Rician fading channel Single Estimation （SE） Multiple Estimation （ME） MIMO ML SSLS.

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Adaptive variable degree-κ zero-trees for re-encoding of perceptually quantized wavelet packet transformed audio and high-quality speech

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ISRN signal processing 2011年第1期2011卷

作者： Ghahabi, Omid Savoji, Mohammad Hassan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Evin Sq. Tehran *** Iran Audio and Speech Processing Group Research Center of Intelligent Signal Processing (RCISP) Tehran *** Iran

A fast, efficient, and scalable algorithm is proposed, in this paper, for re-encoding of perceptually quantized wavelet-packet transform (WPT) coefficients of audio and high quality speech and is called "adaptive variable degree-κ zero-trees" (AVDZ). The quantization process is carried out by taking into account some basic perceptual considerations and achieves good subjective quality with low complexity. The performance of the proposed AVDZ algorithm is compared with two other zero-tree-based schemes comprising (1) embedded zero-tree wavelet (EZW) and (2) the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT). Since EZW and SPIHT are designed for image compression, some modifications are incorporated in these schemes for their better matching to audio signals. It is shown that the proposed modifications can improve their performance by about 15-25%. Furthermore, it is concluded that the proposed AVDZ algorithm outperforms these modified versions in terms of both output average bit-rates and computation times. Copyright © 2011 O. Ghahabi and M. H. Savoji.

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On mathematical modeling of cooperative e-learning performance during face to face tutoring sessions (Ant Colony System approach)

On mathematical modeling of cooperative e-learning performan...

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IEEE Education engineering (EDUCON)

作者： Hassan. M. Mustafa Saeed. M. Badran Ayoub Al-Hamadi Turki F. Al-Somani Computer Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Al-Baha University Al-Baha Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Al-Baha University Al-Baha Saudi Arabia Institute of Electronics Signal Processing and Communications (IESK) Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany

Investigational analysis and evaluation of cooperative learning phenomenon is a challenging educational issue. Recently, educationalists have adopted interesting research work concerned with realistic modeling of human's cooperative learning phenomenon. That's by investigation of its analogy with natural behavioral learning aspects, observed by swarm intelligence of social insects colonies. Herein, this paper presents a realistic mathematical modeling of cooperative e-learning which inspired from cooperative behavioral learning observed by one type of Ant Colony System (ACS). More specifically, presented modeling motivated by qualitative analysis of observed behavioral learning performance of ACS type namely: Temnothorax albipennis. In nature, this ACS type observed to perform cooperative behavioural learning on the basis of tandem running technique. Objectively, this colony agents (ants) search for optimal algorithmic solution of foraging process by performing interactive technique. That's involves learning by interactive communication (positive feedback) between two ants (Follower/Leader) controlling trade-off between speed and accuracy. Interestingly, the analogy between introduced ACS models and corresponding Artificial Neural Networks models is presented.

关键词： Mathematical model Biological system modeling engineering education Artificial neural networks Lead Neurons Equations

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Effect of Different Diffusion Maps on Registration Results

Effect of Different Diffusion Maps on Registration Results

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Iranian Machine Vision and Image processing (MVIP)

作者： Maryam Afzali Emad Fatemizadeh Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Department of Electrical Engineering Biomedical Signal and Image Processing Laboratory (BiSIPL) Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence (CIPCE) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

In this paper, we compare registration results obtained using different diffusion maps extracted from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and Ellipsoidal Area Ratio (EAR) are two diffusion maps (indices) that may be used for image registration. First, we use FA maps to find deformation matrix and register diffusion weighted images. Then, we use EAR maps and finally we use both of FA and EAR maps to register diffusion weighted images. The difference between FA values before deformation and after registration using the FA alone or EAR alone has a median of 0.57 and using both of them has a median of 0.29. Therefore, the results of registration using both of the FA and EAR indices are superior to those obtained using only one of them alone.

关键词： Ear Diffusion tensor imaging Tensile stress Registers Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Anisotropic magnetoresistance Image registration

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Audio signal processing using graphics processing units

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AES: Journal of the Audio engineering Society 2011年第1-2期59卷 3-19页

作者： Savioja, Lauri Välimäki, Vesa Smith, Julius O. NVIDIA Research and Department of Media Technology Aalto University School of Science Espoo Finland Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering Espoo Finland Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 United States

Current graphics processing units (GPUs) are massively parallel computing environments offering remarkable performance boosts in parallelizable tasks. Audio signal processing is a potential application area. Three different cases for GPU implementation are studied: additive synthesis, fast Fourier transforms (FFT), and time-domain convolution. For additive synthesis nearly two million sine waves were computable in real time on the GPU, giving a factor of 250-3000 performance gain over CPU implementation. Similarly, the GPU was able to perform an FFT eight times longer than the CPU version in the same time. For a stereo signal the GPU was able to compute a two-million-point FFT and inverse FFT in real time with an input buffer size of 1024 samples at a sampling rate of 48 kHz with 50% overlap. Finally the GPU could compute approximately 130 times longer FIR filters than the CPU in the same time. For stereo input and output, requiring four filters altogether, the GPU processing was able to implement FIR filters of length 376 000 taps in real time. The latency in all these tasks is tolerable, since the performance is nearly optimal with a hundred-sample buffer, which corresponds to a few milliseconds. In summary the results show that GPUs are highly useful for computationally intensive audio signal processing tasks.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Developments in the radio search for extraterrestrial intelligence

Developments in the radio search for extraterrestrial intell...

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2011 30th URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, URSIGASS 2011

作者： Siemion, A.P.V. Werthimer, D. Anderson, D. Chen, H. Cobb, J. Cordes, J. Filiba, T. Foster, G. Gowda, S. Korpela, E. Lebofsky, M. Little, A. Mallard, W. Spitler, L. Wagner, M. Department of Astronomy University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Center for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Space Sciences Laboratory University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Department of Astronomy Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States Department of Physics Oxford University Oxford United Kingdom Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424451173

We present developments in the search for engineered radio emissions from advanced extraterrestrial life. Our group is currently engaging in both targeted and sky survey searches for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), covering a wide variety of narrow-band and pulsed signal types. We are also developing new SETI instrumentation, designed to be flexible, modular and to employ commodity components that lower cost and enhance upgradability. Here we will discuss the status of these observational and engineering projects, as well as prospects for future radio SETI endeavors. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth Educational institutions Filter banks Physics Planets Telescopes

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