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arXiv 2019年

作者： Palyulin, Vladimir V. Blackburn, George Lomholt, Michael A. Watkins, Nicholas W. Metzler, Ralf Klages, Rainer Chechkin, Aleksei V. Centre for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Nobelya Ulitsa 3 Moscow121205 Russia Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Straße 38 DresdenD-01187 Germany £ Centre for Fusion Space and Astrophysics University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom MEMPHYS - Centre for Biomembrane Physics Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Odense M5230 Denmark Institute for Physics & Astronomy University of Potsdam Potsdam-GolmD-14476 Germany Centre for the Analysis of Time Series London School of Economics and Political Sciences London United Kingdom Faculty of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom Institut für Theoretische Physik Technische Universität Berlin Hardenbergstraße 36 Berlin10623 Germany Queen Mary University of London School of Mathematical Sciences Mile End Road LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Akhiezer Institute for Theoretical Physics National Science Centre "Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology" Kharkov61108 Ukraine

For both Lévy flight and Lévy walk search processes we analyse the full distribution of first-passage and first-hitting (or first-arrival) times. These are, respectively, the times when the particle moves across a point at some given distance from its initial position for the first time, or when it lands at a given point for the first time. For Lévy motions with their propensity for long relocation events and thus the possibility to jump across a given point in space without actually hitting it ("leapovers"), these two definitions lead to significantly different results. We study the first-passage and first-hitting time distributions as functions of the Lévy stable index, highlighting the different behaviour for the cases when the first absolute moment of the jump length distribution is finite or infinite. In particular we examine the limits of short and long times. Our results will find their application in the mathematical modelling of random search processes as well as computer algorithms. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Field heterogeneity detection based on the modified FastICA RGB-image processing

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1117卷

作者： L Mirvakhabova M Pukalchik S Matveev P Tregubova I Oseledets Skoltech Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology 1 Nobel Street Moscow 121205 Russia Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS 8 Gubkin Street 119333 Moscow Russia

In the light of the increasing demand for food production, climate change challenges, and economic pressure, precision farming is becoming an ever-growing market. Nowadays using satellite images for field zoning has become a widely spread technique employed in precision agriculture. Usually satellite images are used to evaluate Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a common yield assessment. At the same time it is rather a challenging task to designing NDVI maps as compared to ordinary RGB images. We propose a new algorithm for site-specific zoning based on the performance of a well-known and widely used ICA algorithm (FastICA). We analyse high resolution RGB satellite images for 3 arable fields located in Kursk region, Russia, (2017) provided by the Planet Labs service. The main outcomes from this study are (i) the algorithm creates site-specific zoning maps with a relative accuracy of yield distribution maps between 0.78 and 0.89; (ii) the algorithm requires a relatively small dataset – from 8 to 10 RGB images. The obtained results indicate that the algorithm in question can be used not only to identify management zones but also to map the variations in yield within the fields.

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End-to-end symmetry preserving inter-atomic potential energy model for finite and extended systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Zhang, Linfeng Han, Jiequn Wang, Han Saidi, Wissam A. Car, Roberto Weinan, E. Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University United States Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics China CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation China Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics Princeton University United States Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University United States Department of Mathematics Princeton University United States Beijing Institute of Big Data Research China

Machine learning models are changing the paradigm of molecular modeling, which is a fundamental tool for material science, chemistry, and computational biology. Of particular interest is the inter-atomic potential energy surface (PES). Here we develop Deep Potential - Smooth Edition (DeepPot-SE), an end-to-end machine learning-based PES model, which is able to efficiently represent the PES of a wide variety of systems with the accuracy of ab initio quantum mechanics models. By construction, DeepPot-SE is extensive and continuously differentiable, scales linearly with system size, and preserves all the natural symmetries of the system. Further, we show that DeepPot-SE describes finite and extended systems including organic molecules, metals, semiconductors, and insulators with high fidelity. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Potential energy

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AGC 226178 and NGVS 3543: Two deceptive dwarfs towards Virgo

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Jones, Michael G. Sand, David J. Bellazzini, Michele Spekkens, Kristine Cannon, John M. Mutlu-Pakdil, Burçin Karunakaran, Ananthan Beccari, Giacomo Magrini, Laura Cresci, Giovanni Inoue, John L. Fuson, Jackson Adams, Elizabeth A.K. Battaglia, Giuseppina Bennet, Paul Crnojević, Denija Caldwell, Nelson Guhathakurta, Puragra Haynes, Martha P. Muñoz, Ricardo R. Seth, Anil Strader, Jay Toloba, Elisa Zaritsky, Dennis Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue Rm. N204 TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States INAF Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna Via Gobetti 93/3 Bologna40129 Italy Department of Physics and Space Science Royal Military College of Canada P.O. Box 17000 Station Forces Kingston ONK7K 7B4 Canada Department of Physics Engineering Physics and Astronomy Queen’s University KingstonONK7L 3N6 Canada Department of Physics & Astronomy Macalester College 1600 Grand Avenue Saint PaulMN55105 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Glorieta de la Astronomía Granada18008 Spain European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2 Garching bei MünchenD-85748 Germany INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 Firenze50125 Italy ASTRON the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Oude Hoogeveesedijk 4 Dwingeloo7991 PD Netherlands Kapteyn Astronomical Institute PO Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Vía Láctea s/n La Laguna38205 Spain Universidad de La Laguna Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez Tenerife La LagunaE-38205 Spain Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States University of Tampa 401 West Kennedy Boulevard TampaFL33606 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States UCO/Lick Observatory University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95064 United States Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science Space Sciences Building Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Camino El Observatorio 1515 Las Condes Santiago Chile Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT8

The two sources AGC 226178 and NGVS 3543, an extremely faint, clumpy, blue stellar system and a low surface brightness dwarf spheroidal, are adjacent systems in the direction of the Virgo cluster. Both have been studied in detail previously, with it being suggested that they are unrelated normal dwarf galaxies or that NGVS 3543 recently lost its gas through ram pressure stripping, and that AGC 226178 formed from this stripped gas. However, with Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging we demonstrate that the stellar population of NGVS 3543 is inconsistent with being at the distance of the Virgo cluster, and that it is likely a foreground object at approximately 10 Mpc. Whereas the stellar population of AGC 226178 is consistent with it being a very young (10-100 Myr) object in the Virgo cluster. Through a re-analysis of the original ALFALFA H i detection we show that AGC 226178 likely formed from gas stripped from the nearby dwarf galaxy VCC 2034, a hypothesis strengthened by the high metallicity measured with MUSE VLT observations. However, it is unclear whether ram pressure or a tidal interaction is responsible for stripping the gas. AGC 226178 is one of at least five similar objects now known towards Virgo. These objects are all young and unlikely to remain visible for over ∼500 Myr, suggesting that they are continually produced in the cluster. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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The Automatic Learning for the Rapid Classification of Events (ALeRCE) alert broker

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Förster, Francisco Cabrera-Vives, G. Castillo-Navarrete, E. Estévez, P.A. Sánchez-Sáez, P. Arredondo, J. Bauer, F.E. Carrasco-Davis, R. Catelan, M. Elorrieta, F. Eyheramendy, S. Huijse, P. Pignata, G. Reyes, E. Reyes, I. Rodríguez-Mancini, D. Ruz-Mieres, D. Valenzuela, C. Álvarez-Maldonado, I. Astorga, N. Borissova, J. Clocchiatti, A. de Cicco, D. Donoso-Oliva, C. Graham, M.J. Kurtev, R. Mahabal, A. Maureira, J.C. Molina-Ferreiro, R. Moya, A. Palma, W. Prez-Carrasco, M. Protopapas, P. Romero, M. Sabatini-Gacitua, L. Snchez, A. San Martín, J. Sepúlveda-Cobo, C. Vera, E. Vergara, J.R. Center for Mathematical Modeling University of Chile AFB170001 Chile Millennium Institute of Astrophysics Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100 Providencia Santiago Chile Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Casilla 36D Santiago Chile Department of Computer Science University of Concepcin Chile Department of Electrical Engineering Universidad de Chile Av. Tupper 2007 Santiago8320000 Chile Instituto de Astrofísica Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Department of Engineering and Science Universidad Adolfo Ibaez Av. Diagonal Las Torres 2700 Santiago Chile Centro de Astroingeniería Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Space Science Institute 4750 Walnut Street Suite 205 BoulderCO80301 United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Universidad de Santiago de Chile Av. Libertador Bernardo OHiggins 3663 Estación Central Santiago Chile Instituto de Informática Universidad Austral de Chile General Lagos 2086 Valdivia Chile Departamento de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Andres Bello Avda. Republica 252 Santiago Chile Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Instituto de Física y Astronomía Universidad de Valparaíso Av. Gran Bretaña 1111 Playa Ancha Casilla5030 Chile Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Center for Data Driven Discovery California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Institute for Applied Computational Science Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Departmento de Informática y Computación Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana Santiago Chile

We introduce the Automatic Learning for the Rapid Classification of Events (ALeRCE) broker, an astronomical alert broker designed to provide a rapid and self–consistent classification of large etendue telescope alert streams, such as that provided by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and, in the future, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). ALeRCE is a Chilean–led broker run by an interdisciplinary team of astronomers and engineers, working to become intermediaries between survey and follow–up facilities. ALeRCE uses a pipeline which includes the real–time ingestion, aggregation, cross–matching, machine learning (ML) classification, and visualization of the ZTF alert stream. We use two classifiers: a stamp–based classifier, designed for rapid classification, and a light–curve–based classifier, which uses the multi–band flux evolution to achieve a more refined classification. We describe in detail our pipeline, data products, tools and services, which are made public for the community (see https://***). Since we began operating our real–time ML classification of the ZTF alert stream in early 2019, we have grown a large community of active users around the globe. We describe our results to date, including the real–time processing of 9.7×107 alerts, the stamp classification of 1.9 × 107 objects, the light curve classification of 8.5 × 105 objects, the report of 3088 supernova candidates, and different experiments using LSST-like alert streams. Finally, we discuss the challenges ahead to go from a single-stream of alerts such as ZTF to a multi–stream ecosystem dominated by LSST. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

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Sequence diversity analyses of an improved rhesus macaque genome enhance its biomedical utility

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science 2020年第6523期370卷 000-000页

作者： Warren, Wesley C. Harris, R. Alan Haukness, Marina Fiddes, Ian T. Murali, Shwetha C. Fernandes, Jason Dishuck, Philip C. Storer, Jessica M. Raveendran, Muthuswamy Hillier, LaDeana W. Porubsky, David Mao, Yafei Gordon, David Vollger, Mitchell R. Lewis, Alexandra P. Munson, Katherine M. DeVogelaere, Elizabeth Armstrong, Joel Diekhans, Mark Walker, Jerilyn A. Tomlinson, Chad Graves-Lindsay, Tina A. Kremitzki, Milinn Salama, Sofie R. Audano, Peter A. Escalona, Merly Maurer, Nicholas W. Antonacci, Francesca Mercuri, Ludovica Maggiolini, Flavia A. M. Catacchio, Claudia Rita Underwood, Jason G. O'Connor, David H. Sanders, Ashley D. Korbel, Jan O. Ferguson, Betsy Kubisch, H. Michael Picker, Louis Kalin, Ned H. Rosene, Douglas Levine, Jon Abbott, David H. Gray, Stanton B. Sanchez, Mar M. Kovacs-Balint, Zsofia A. Kemnitz, Joseph W. Thomasy, Sara M. Roberts, Jeffrey A. Kinnally, Erin L. Capitanio, John P. Skene, J. H. Pate Platt, Michael Cole, Shelley A. Green, Richard E. Ventura, Mario Wiseman, Roger W. Paten, Benedict Batzer, Mark A. Rogers, Jeffrey Eichler, Evan E. Department of Animal Sciences Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA. Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA. Institute of Data Science and Informatics University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA. Human Genome Sequencing Center Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA. Computational Genomics Laboratory University of California-Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA. Inscripta Inc. Boulder CO 80301 USA. Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA. Department of Biomolecular Engineering University of California-Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA. Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA. Institue for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98109 USA. McDonnell Genome Institute Washington University St. Louis MO 63108 USA. Department of Biology University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’ 70125 Bari Italy. Pacific Biosciences of California Seattle WA 94025 USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Wisconsin National Primate Research Center University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53711 USA. European Molecular Biology Laboratory Genome Biology Unit Heidelberg Germany. Division of Genetics Oregon National Primate Research Center Oregon Health and Science University Beaverton OR 97006 USA. Tulane National Primate Research Center Covington LA 70433 USA. Oregon National Primate Research Center and Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute Oregon Health Sciences University Beaverton OR 97006 USA. Department of Psychiatry University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI 53719 USA. Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA 02118 USA. Department of Neuroscience University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53175 USA. Wisconsin N

The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is the most widely studied nonhuman primate (NHP) in biomedical research. We present an updated reference genome assembly (Mmul_10, contig N50 = 46 Mbp) that increases the sequence contiguity 120-fold and annotate it using 6.5 million full-length transcripts, thus improving our understanding of gene content, isoform diversity, and repeat organization. With the improved assembly of segmental duplications, we discovered new lineage-specific genes and expanded gene families that are potentially informative in studies of evolution and disease susceptibility. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 853 rhesus macaques identified 85.7 million single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 10.5 million indel variants, including potentially damaging variants in genes associated with human autism and developmental delay, providing a framework for developing noninvasive NHP models of human disease.

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New ASKAP Radio Supernova Remnants and Candidates in the Large Magellanic Cloud

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bozzetto, Luke M. Filipović, Miroslav D. Sano, H. Alsaberi, R.Z.E. Barnes, L.A. Bojičić, I.S. Brose, R. Chomiuk, L. Crawford, Evan J. Dai, S. Ghavam, M. Haberl, F. Hill, T. Hopkins, A.M. Ingallinera, A. Jarrett, T. Kavanagh, P.J. Koribalski, B.S. Kothes, R. Leahy, D. Lenc, E. Leonidaki, I. Maggi, P. Maitra, C. Matthew, C. Payne, J.L. Pennock, C.M. Points, S. Reid, W. Riggi, S. Rowell, G. Sasaki, M. Safi-Harb, S. van Loon, J.Th. Tothill, N.F.H. Urošević, D. Zangrandi, F. Western Sydney University Locked Bag 1797 DC South PenrithNSW2751 Australia Faculty of Engineering Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu501-1193 Japan Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Astronomy & Astrophysics Section 31 Fitzwilliam Place D02 XF86 Dublin 2 Ireland Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik Gießenbachstraße 1 GarchingD-85748 Germany Australian Astronomical Optics AAO-Macquarie Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University 105 Delhi Rd North RydeNSW2113 Australia INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania via Santa Sofia 78 CataniaI-95123 Italy Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Rondebosch7701 South Africa School of Cosmic Physics Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 Ireland ATNF CSIRO Space & Astronomy PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics National Research Council Canada PO Box 248 PentictonBCV2A 6J9 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Department of Physics University of Crete HeraklionGR-70013 Greece Institute of Astrophysics FORTH HeraklionGR-71110 Greece Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg Université de Strasbourg CNRS 11 rue de l’Université StrasbourgF-67000 France Lennard-Jones Laboratories Keele University StaffordshireST5 5BG United Kingdom Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory NSF’s NOIRLab Casilla 603 La Serena Chile Observatory Hill Waitoki 130 Dormer Rd Helensville RD2 Auckland0875 New Zealand School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia School of Physical Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide5005 Australia Dr. Karl Remeis Observatory Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics

We present a new Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) sample of 14 radio Supernova Remnant (SNR) candidates in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). This new sample is a significant increase to the known number of older, larger and low surface brightness LMC SNRs. We employ a multi-frequency search for each object and found possible traces of optical and occasionally X-ray emission in several of these 14 SNR candidates. One of these 14 SNR candidates (MCSNR J0522–6543) has multi-frequency properties that strongly indicate a bona fide SNR. We also investigate a sample of 20 previously suggested LMC SNR candidates and confirm the SNR nature of MCSNR J0506–6815. We detect lower surface brightness SNR candidates which were likely formed by a combination of shock waves and strong stellar winds from massive progenitors (and possibly surrounding OB stars). Some of our new SNR candidates are also found in a lower density environments in which SNe type Ia explode inside a previously excavated interstellar medium (ISM). Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shock waves

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Fundamental Physics Opportunities with the Next-Generation Event Horizon Telescope

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ayzenberg, Dimitry Blackburn, Lindy Brito, Richard Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Carballo-Rubio, Raúl Cardoso, Vitor Chael, Andrew Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Yifan Cunha, Pedro V.P. Davoudiasl, Hooman Denton, Peter B. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eichhorn, Astrid Eubanks, Marshall Fang, Yun Foschi, Arianna Fromm, Christian M. Galison, Peter Ghosh, Sushant G. Gold, Roman Gurvits, Leonid I. Hadar, Shahar Held, Aaron Houston, Janice Hu, Yichao Johnson, Michael D. Kocherlakota, Prashant Natarajan, Priyamvada Olivares, Héctor Palumbo, Daniel Pesce, Dominic W. Rajendran, Surjeet Roy, Rittick Saurabh Shao, Lijing Tahura, Shammi Tamar, Aditya Tiede, Paul Vincent, Frédéric H. Visinelli, Luca Wang, Zhiren Wielgus, Maciek Xue, Xiao Yakut, Kadri Yang, Huan Younsi, Ziri Theoretical Astrophysics Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen TübingenD-72076 Germany Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States CENTRA Departamento de Física Instituto Superior Técnico – IST Universidade de Lisboa – UL Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 Lisboa1049-001 Portugal Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark Florida Space Institute University of Central Florida 12354 Research Parkway Partnership 1 OrlandoFL32826 United States Niels Bohr International Academy Niels Bohr Institute Blegdamsvej 17 Copenhagen2100 Denmark Princeton Gravity Initiative Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Campus de Santiago Aveiro3810-183 Portugal High Energy Theory Group Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Asteroid Initiatives LLC United States Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics WaterlooONN2L2Y5 Canada Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing100871 China Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Strasse 31 Würzburg97074 Germany Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe Universität Frankfurt Max-von

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration recently published the first images of the supermassive black holes in the cores of the Messier 87 and Milky Way galaxies. These observations have provided a new means to study supermassive black holes and probe physical processes occurring in the strong-field regime. We review the prospects of future observations and theoretical studies of supermassive black hole systems with the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT), which will greatly enhance the capabilities of the existing EHT array. These enhancements will open up several previously inaccessible avenues of investigation, thereby providing important new insights into the properties of supermassive black holes and their environments. This review describes the current state of knowledge for five key science cases, summarising the unique challenges and opportunities for fundamental physics investigations that the ngEHT will enable. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Telescopes

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NEID Rossiter-McLaughlin Measurement of TOI-1268b: A Young Warm Saturn Aligned with Its Cool Host Star

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Dong, Jiayin Huang, Chelsea X. Zhou, George Dawson, Rebekah I. Stefánsson, Gudmundur K. Bender, Chad F. Blake, Cullen H. Ford, Eric B. Halverson, Samuel Kanodia, Shubham Mahadevan, Suvrath McElwain, Michael W. Ninan, Joe P. Robertson, Paul Arpita, R.O.Y. Schwab, Christian Stevens, Daniel J. Terrien, Ryan C. Vanderburg, Andrew Kraus, Adam L. Douglas, Stephanie Newton, Elisabeth Rampalli, Rayna Krolikowski, Daniel M. Collins, Karen A. Rodriguez, Joseph E. Feliz, Dax L. Srdoc, Gregor Ziegler, Carl Barkaoui, Khalid Pozuelos, Francisco J. Jehin, Emmanuel Michaël, C. Benkhaldoun, Zouhair Lewin, Pablo Forés-Toribio, Raquel Muñoz, Jose A. McLeod, Kim K. Özyurt, Fiona Powers Horta, Ferran Grau Murgas, Felipe Latham, David W. Quinn, Samuel N. Bieryla, Allyson Howell, Steve B. Gnilka, Crystal L. Ciardi, David R. Lund, Michael B. Dressing, Courtney D. Giacalone, Steven Savel, Arjun B. Strakhov, Ivan A. Belinski, Alexander A. Ricker, George R. Seager, S. Winn, Joshua N. Jenkins, Jon M. Torres, Guillermo Paegert, Martin Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics 525 Davey Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds 525 Davey Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States University of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics West Street ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Institute for Computational and Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Center for Astrostatistics 525 Davey Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University 4 Ivy Lane Princeton NJ08540 United States Steward Observatory The University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 S 33rd St PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Penn State Extraterrestrial Intelligence Center 525 Davey Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy The University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Dr BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University 3400 N Charles St BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Macquarie University Balaclava Road North RydeNSW2109 Australia Carleton College One North College St. NorthfieldMN55057 United States Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 U

Close-in gas giants present a surprising range of stellar obliquity, the angle between a planet's orbital axis and its host star's spin axis. It is unclear whether the obliquities reflect the planets' dynamical history (e.g., aligned for in situ formation or disk migration versus misaligned for high-eccentricity tidal migration) or whether other mechanisms (e.g., primordial misalignment or planet-star interactions) are more important in sculpting the obliquity distribution. Here we present the stellar obliquity measurement of TOI-1268 (TIC-142394656, Vmag∼10.9), a young K-type dwarf hosting an 8.2-day period, Saturn-sized planet. TOI-1268's lithium abundance and rotation period suggest the system age between the ages of Pleiades cluster (∼120 Myr) and Prasepe cluster (∼670 Myr). Using the newly commissioned NEID spectrograph, we constrain the stellar obliquity of TOI-1268 via the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect from both radial velocity (RV) and Doppler Tomography (DT) signals. The 3σ upper bounds of the projected stellar obliquity |λ| from both models are below 60◦. The large host star separation (a/R*∼17), combined with the system's young age, makes it unlikely that the planet has realigned its host star. The stellar obliquity measurement of TOI-1268 probes the architecture of a young gas giant beyond the reach of tidal realignment (a/R* 10) and reveals an aligned or slightly misaligned system. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extrasolar planets

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Author Correction: Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes identifies driver rearrangements promoted by LINE-1 retrotransposition

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Nature genetics 2023年第6期55卷 1080页

作者： Bernardo Rodriguez-Martin Eva G Alvarez Adrian Baez-Ortega Jorge Zamora Fran Supek Jonas Demeulemeester Martin Santamarina Young Seok Ju Javier Temes Daniel Garcia-Souto Harald Detering Yilong Li Jorge Rodriguez-Castro Ana Dueso-Barroso Alicia L Bruzos Stefan C Dentro Miguel G Blanco Gianmarco Contino Daniel Ardeljan Marta Tojo Nicola D Roberts Sonia Zumalave Paul A Edwards Joachim Weischenfeldt Montserrat Puiggròs Zechen Chong Ken Chen Eunjung Alice Lee Jeremiah A Wala Keiran M Raine Adam Butler Sebastian M Waszak Fabio C P Navarro Steven E Schumacher Jean Monlong Francesco Maura Niccolo Bolli Guillaume Bourque Mark Gerstein Peter J Park David C Wedge Rameen Beroukhim David Torrents Jan O Korbel Iñigo Martincorena Rebecca C Fitzgerald Peter Van Loo Haig H Kazazian Kathleen H Burns Peter J Campbell Jose M C Tubio Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain. Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO) University of Vigo Vigo Spain. Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain. Transmissible Cancer Group Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. The Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO) Universidade de Vigo Vigo Spain. Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Cambridge UK. Genome Data Science Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Barcelona Spain. Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) Barcelona Spain. The Francis Crick Institute London UK. Department of Human Genetics University of Leuven Leuven Belgium. Genomes and Disease Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain. Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea. Cancer Ageing and Somatic Mutation Programme Wellcome Sanger Institute Cambridge UK. Department of Biochemistry Genetics and Immunology University of Vigo Vigo Spain. Galicia Sur Health Research Institute Vigo Spain. Faculty of Science and Technology University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC) Vic Spain. Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) Barcelona Spain. Experimental Cancer Genetics Wellcome Sanger Institute Cambridge UK. Oxford Big Data Institute University of Oxford Oxford UK. DNA Repair and Genome Integrity Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain. Medical R

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