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Galactic transient sources with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2025年第1期540卷 205–238页

作者： Abe, K Abe, S Abhir, J Abhishek, A Acero, F Acharyya, A Adam, R Aguasca-Cabot, A Agudo, I Aguirre-Santaella, A Alfaro, J Alfaro, R Alvarez-Crespo, N Alves Batista, R Amans, J-P Amato, E Ambrosi, G Ambrosino, F Angüner, E O Antonelli, L A Aramo, C Arcaro, C Arnesen, T T H Asano, K Ascasibar, Y Aschersleben, J Ashkar, H Augusto Stuani, L Baack, D Backes, M Balazs, C Balbo, M Baquero Larriva, A Barbosa Martins, V Barres de Almeida, U Barrio, J A Barrios-Jiménez, L Batković, I Batzofin, R Baxter, J Becerra González, J Becker Tjus, J Belmont, R Benbow, W Bernete, J Bernlöhr, K Berti, A Bertucci, B Beshley, V Bhattacharjee, P Bhattacharyya, S Bigongiari, C Bissaldi, E Blanch, O Blazek, J Bocchino, F Boisson, C Bolmont, J Bonnoli, G Bonollo, A Bordas, P Bosnjak, Z Bottacini, E Böttcher, M Bradascio, F Bronzini, E Brown, A M Brunelli, G Bulgarelli, A Burelli, I Burger-Scheidlin, C Burmistrov, L Burton, M Buscemi, M Cailleux, J Campoy-Ordaz, A Cantlay, B K Capasso, G Caproni, A Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R Caraveo, P Caroff, S Carosi, A Carosi, R Carquin, E Carrasco, M-S Cascone, E Cassol, F Castaldini, L Castrejon, N Castro-Tirado, A J Cerasole, D Ceribella, G Cerruti, M Chadwick, P M Chaty, S Chen, A W Chernyakova, M Chiavassa, A Chudoba, J Chytka, L Cicciari, G M Cifuentes, A Coimbra Araujo, C H Colapietro, M Conforti, V Contreras, J L Cortina, J Costa, A Costantini, H Cotter, G Cristofari, P Cuevas, O Curtis-Ginsberg, Z D’Aì, A D’Amico, G D’Ammando, F Dai, S Dazzi, F de Bony de Lavergne, M De Caprio, V De Cesare, G De Frondat Laadim, F de Gouveia Dal Pino, E M De Lotto, B De Lucia, M de Martino, D de Menezes, R de Naurois, M de Ona Wilhelmi, E de Souza, V del Peral, L del Valle, M V Delgado, C Dell’aiera, M Della Valle, M della Volpe, D Depaoli, D Devin, J Di Girolamo, T Di Piano, A Di Pierro, F Di Tria, R Di Venere, L Diebold, S Dignam, C Dima, R Dinesh, A Djuvsland, J Dominik, R M Dominis Prester, D Donini, A Dorner, D Dörner, J Doro, M Dubos, C Ducci, L Dwarkadas, V V Ebr, J Eckner, C Egberts, K Einecke, S Elsässer, D Emery Department of Physics Tokai University 4-1-1 Kita-Kaname Hiratsuka Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics Otto-Stern-Weg 5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland INFN and Università degli Studi di Siena Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA) Sezione di Fisica Via Roma 56 I-53100 Siena Italy Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Cité CEA CNRS AIM F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France FSLAC IRL 2009 CNRS/IAC E-38205 La Laguna Tenerife Spain University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Department of Physics and Astronomy Gallalee Hall Box 870324 Tuscaloosa AL 35487-0324 USA Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange UF 06304 Nice France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet CNRS/IN2P3 École Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris F-91120 Palaiseau France Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Martí i Franquès 1 E-08028 Barcelona Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n E-18008 Granada Spain Institute for Computational Cosmology and Department of Physics Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340 8331150 Santiago Chile Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Delegación Coyoacán 04510 Ciudad de México Mexico IPARCOS-UCM Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos and EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid E-28040 Madrid Spain Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC and Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/ Nicolás Cabrera 13-15 Campus de Cantoblanco UAM E-28049 Madrid Spain LUTH GEPI and LERMA Observatoire de Paris Université PSL Université Paris Cité CNRS 5 place Jules Janssen F-92190 Meudon France INAF – Osservatorio

A wide variety of Galactic sources show transient emission at soft and hard X-ray energies: low- and high-mass X-ray binaries containing compact objects, isolated neutron stars exhibiting extreme variability as magnetars as well as pulsar-wind nebulae. Although most of them can show emission up to MeV and/or GeV energies, many have not yet been detected in the TeV domain by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of detecting new Galactic transients with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and the prospects for studying them with Target of Opportunity observations. We show that CTAO will likely detect new sources in the TeV regime, such as the massive microquasars in the Cygnus region, low-mass X-ray binaries with low-viewing angle, flaring emission from the Crab pulsar-wind nebula or other novae explosions, among others. Since some of these sources could also exhibit emission at larger time-scales, we additionally test their detectability at longer exposures. We finally discuss the multiwavelength synergies with other instruments and large astronomical facilities.

关键词： binaries: general stars: magnetars novae cataclysmic variables pulsars: general gamma-rays: general

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Personality traits and ego-network dynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Centellegher, Simone López, Eduardo Saramäki, Jari Lepri, Bruno Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Trento Italy Trento Italy CABDyN Complexity Center Saïd Business School University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Computational and Data Sciences College of Science George Mason University FairfaxVA United States Department of Computer Science Aalto University School of Science Espoo Finland

Strong and supportive social relationships are fundamental to our well-being. However, there are costs to their maintenance, resulting in a trade-off between quality and quantity, a typical strategy being to put a lot of effort on a few high-intensity relationships while maintaining larger numbers of less close relationships. It has also been shown that there are persistent individual differences in this pattern;some individuals allocate their efforts more uniformly across their networks, while others strongly focus on their closest relationships. Furthermore, some individuals maintain more stable networks than others. Here, we focus on how personality traits of individuals affect this picture, using mobile phone calls records and survey data from the Mobile Territorial Lab (MTL) study. In particular, we look at the relationship between personality traits and the (i) persistence of social signatures, namely the similarity of the social signature shape of an individual measured in different time intervals;(ii) the turnover in egocentric networks, that is, differences in the set of alters present at two consecutive temporal intervals;and (iii) the rank dynamics defined as the variation of alter rankings in egocentric networks in consecutive intervals. We observe that some traits have effects on the stability of the social signatures as well as network turnover and rank dynamics. As an example, individuals who score highly in the Openness to Experience trait tend to have higher levels of network turnover and larger alter rank variations. On broader terms, our study shows that personality traits clearly affect the ways in which individuals maintain their personal networks. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamics

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Author Correction: The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids

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Nature 2023年第7965期618卷 E19-E20页

作者： Sarah E Graham Shoa L Clarke Kuan-Han H Wu Stavroula Kanoni Greg J M Zajac Shweta Ramdas Ida Surakka Ioanna Ntalla Sailaja Vedantam Thomas W Winkler Adam E Locke Eirini Marouli Mi Yeong Hwang Sohee Han Akira Narita Ananyo Choudhury Amy R Bentley Kenneth Ekoru Anurag Verma Bhavi Trivedi Hilary C Martin Karen A Hunt Qin Hui Derek Klarin Xiang Zhu Gudmar Thorleifsson Anna Helgadottir Daniel F Gudbjartsson Hilma Holm Isleifur Olafsson Masato Akiyama Saori Sakaue Chikashi Terao Masahiro Kanai Wei Zhou Ben M Brumpton Humaira Rasheed Sanni E Ruotsalainen Aki S Havulinna Yogasudha Veturi QiPing Feng Elisabeth A Rosenthal Todd Lingren Jennifer Allen Pacheco Sarah A Pendergrass Jeffrey Haessler Franco Giulianini Yuki Bradford Jason E Miller Archie Campbell Kuang Lin Iona Y Millwood George Hindy Asif Rasheed Jessica D Faul Wei Zhao David R Weir Constance Turman Hongyan Huang Mariaelisa Graff Anubha Mahajan Michael R Brown Weihua Zhang Ketian Yu Ellen M Schmidt Anita Pandit Stefan Gustafsson Xianyong Yin Jian'an Luan Jing-Hua Zhao Fumihiko Matsuda Hye-Mi Jang Kyungheon Yoon Carolina Medina-Gomez Achilleas Pitsillides Jouke Jan Hottenga Gonneke Willemsen Andrew R Wood Yingji Ji Zishan Gao Simon Haworth Ruth E Mitchell Jin Fang Chai Mette Aadahl Jie Yao Ani Manichaikul Helen R Warren Julia Ramirez Jette Bork-Jensen Line L Kårhus Anuj Goel Maria Sabater-Lleal Raymond Noordam Carlo Sidore Edoardo Fiorillo Aaron F McDaid Pedro Marques-Vidal Matthias Wielscher Stella Trompet Naveed Sattar Line T Møllehave Betina H Thuesen Matthias Munz Lingyao Zeng Jianfeng Huang Bin Yang Alaitz Poveda Azra Kurbasic Claudia Lamina Lukas Forer Markus Scholz Tessel E Galesloot Jonathan P Bradfield E Warwick Daw Joseph M Zmuda Jonathan S Mitchell Christian Fuchsberger Henry Christensen Jennifer A Brody Mary F Feitosa Mary K Wojczynski Michael Preuss Massimo Mangino Paraskevi Christofidou Niek Verweij Jan W Benjamins Jorgen Engmann Rachel L Kember Roderick C Slieker Ken Sin Lo Nuno R Zilhao Phuong Le Marcus E Kleber Graciela E Delgado Shaofeng Huo Dai Department of Internal Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. VA Palo Alto Health Care System Palo Alto CA USA. Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA. Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. William Harvey Research Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistics Genetics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Clinical Pharmacology William Harvey Research Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. Endocrinology Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA. Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute Cambridge MA USA. Department of Genetic Epidemiology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany. McDonnell Genome Institute and Department of Medicine Washington University St Louis MO USA. Department of Precision Medicine Division of Genome Science National Institute of Health Cheongju-si South Korea. Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan. Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa. Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA. Blizard Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. Wellcome Sanger Institute Hinxton UK. Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA USA. Atlanta VA Health Care System Decatur GA USA. Malcolm Randall VA Medical Center Gainesville FL USA. Division of Vascular Sur

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SN 2018agk: A prototypical Type Ia Supernova with a smooth power-law rise in Kepler (K2)

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wang, Qinan Rest, Armin Zenati, Yossef Ridden-Harper, Ryan Dimitriadis, Georgios Narayan, Gautham Villar, V. Ashley Magee, Mark R. Foley, Ryan J. Shaya, Edward J. Garnavich, Peter Wang, Lifan Hu, Lei Bódi, Attila Armstrong, Patrick Auchettl, Katie Barclay, Thomas Barentsen, Geert Bognár, Zsófia Brimacombe, Joseph Bulger, Joanna Burke, Jamison Challis, Peter Chambers, Kenneth Coulter, David A. Csörnyei, Géza Cseh, Borbála Deckers, Maxime Dotson, Jessie L. Galbany, Lluís González-Gaitán, Santiago Gromadzki, Mariusz Gully-Santiago, Michael Hanyecz, Ottó Hedges, Christina Hiramatsu, Daichi Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Howell, D. Andrew Howell, Steve B. Huber, Mark E. Jha, Saurabh W. Jones, David O. Könyves-Tóth, Réka Kalup, Csilla Kilpatrick, Charles D. Kriskovics, Levente Li, Wenxiong Lowe, Thomas B. Margheim, Steven McCully, Curtis Mitra, Ayan Muñoz, Jose A. Nicholl, Matt Nordin, Jakob Pál, András Pan, Yen-Chen Piro, Anthony L. Rest, Sofia Rino-Silvestre, João Rojas-Bravo, César Sárneczky, Krisztián Siebert, Matthew R. Smartt, Stephen J. Smith, Ken Sódor, Ádám Stritzinger, Maximilian D. Szabó, Róbert Szakáts, Róbert Tucker, Brad E. Vinkó, József Wang, Xiaofeng Wheeler, J. Craig Young, David R. Zenteno, Alfredo Zhang, Kaicheng Zsidi, Gabriella Department of Physics and Astronomy The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Space Telescope Science Institute BaltimoreMD21218 United States Israel Excellence Fellowship Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States School of Physics Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland Department of Astronomy University of Illinois 1002 W. Green St. Urbana-ChampaignIL61801 United States Center for Astrophysical Surveys National Center for Supercomputing Applications UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Computational & Data Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN46556 United States Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 10 Yuanhua Road Nanjing210033 China Konkoly Observatory CSFK Konkoly-Thege M. ut 15-17 Budapest1121 Hungary MTA CSFK Lendület Near-Field Cosmology Research Group Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17 Budapest1121 Hungary Mt Stromlo Observatory The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics Australian National University ACT2601 Australia School of Physics The University of Melbourne VIC3010 Australia University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle BaltimoreMD21250 United States Bay Area Environmental Research Institute P.O. Box 25 Moffett Field CA94035 United States Coral Towers Observatory Cairns Australia Institute for Astronomy University of Hawai'i 2680 Woodlawn Drive HonoluluHI96

We present the 30-min cadence Kepler/K2 light curve of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2018agk, covering approximately one week before explosion, the full rise phase and the decline until 40 days after peak. We additionally present ground-based observations in multiple bands within the same time range, including the 1-day cadence DECam observations within the first ~5 days after the first light. The Kepler early light curve is fully consistent with a single power-law rise, without evidence of any bump feature. We compare SN 2018agk with a sample of other SNe Ia without early excess flux from the literature. We find that SNe Ia without excess flux have slowly-evolving early colors in a narrow range (g - i ≈ -0.20±0.20 mag) within the first ~ 10 days. On the other hand, among SNe Ia detected with excess, SN 2017cbv and SN 2018oh tend to be bluer, while iPTF16abc's evolution is similar to normal SNe Ia without excess in g - i. We further compare the Kepler light curve of SN 2018agk with companion-interaction models, and rule out the existence of a typical non-degenerate companion undergoing Roche-lobe overflow at viewing angles smaller than 45°. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Supernovae

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Author Correction: Genetic effects on the timing of parturition and links to fetal birth weight

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Nature genetics 2023年第7期55卷 1250页

作者： Pol Solé-Navais Christopher Flatley Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir Marc Vaudel Julius Juodakis Jing Chen Triin Laisk Abigail L LaBella David Westergaard Jonas Bacelis Ben Brumpton Line Skotte Maria C Borges Øyvind Helgeland Anubha Mahajan Matthias Wielscher Frederick Lin Catherine Briggs Carol A Wang Gunn-Helen Moen Robin N Beaumont Jonathan P Bradfield Abin Abraham Gudmar Thorleifsson Maiken E Gabrielsen Sisse R Ostrowski Dominika Modzelewska Ellen A Nohr Elina Hypponen Amit Srivastava Octavious Talbot Catherine Allard Scott M Williams Ramkumar Menon Beverley M Shields Gardar Sveinbjornsson Huan Xu Mads Melbye William Lowe Luigi Bouchard Emily Oken Ole B Pedersen Daniel F Gudbjartsson Christian Erikstrup Erik Sørensen Rolv T Lie Kari Teramo Mikko Hallman Thorhildur Juliusdottir Hakon Hakonarson Henrik Ullum Andrew T Hattersley Line Sletner Mario Merialdi Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman Thora Steingrimsdottir Denise Scholtens Christine Power Jane West Mette Nyegaard John A Capra Anne H Skogholt Per Magnus Ole A Andreassen Unnur Thorsteinsdottir Struan F A Grant Elisabeth Qvigstad Craig E Pennell Marie-France Hivert Geoffrey M Hayes Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin Mark I McCarthy Deborah A Lawlor Henriette S Nielsen Reedik Mägi Antonis Rokas Kristian Hveem Kari Stefansson Bjarke Feenstra Pål Njolstad Louis J Muglia Rachel M Freathy Stefan Johansson Ge Zhang Bo Jacobsson Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Sahlgrenska Academy Institute of Clinical Science University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden. pol.sole.navais@gu.se. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Sahlgrenska Academy Institute of Clinical Science University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden. deCODE genetics/Amgen Reykjavik Iceland. Center for Diabetes Research Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway. Division of Biomedical Informatics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA. Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati OH USA. Estonian Genome Centre Institute of Genomics University of Tartu Tartu Estonia. Department of Biological Sciences Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Hvidovre Denmark. Methods and Analysis Statistics Denmark Copenhagen Denmark. K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway. Department of Epidemiology Research Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit University of Bristol Bristol UK. Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol Bristol UK. Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics Health Data and Digitalization Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK. Genentech South San Francisco CA USA. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health School of Public Health Imperial College London London UK. Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria. Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA. Department of Population Medicine Harvard M

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SPT clusters with DES and HST weak lensing. II. Cosmological constraints from the abundance of massive halos

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Physical Review D 2024年第8期110卷 083510页

作者： S. Bocquet S. Grandis L. E. Bleem M. Klein J. J. Mohr T. Schrabback T. M. C. Abbott P. A. R. Ade M. Aguena A. Alarcon S. Allam S. W. Allen O. Alves A. Amon A. J. Anderson J. Annis B. Ansarinejad J. E. Austermann S. Avila D. Bacon M. Bayliss J. A. Beall K. Bechtol M. R. Becker A. N. Bender B. A. Benson G. M. Bernstein S. Bhargava F. Bianchini M. Brodwin D. Brooks L. Bryant A. Campos R. E. A. Canning J. E. Carlstrom A. Carnero Rosell M. Carrasco Kind J. Carretero F. J. Castander R. Cawthon C. L. Chang C. Chang P. Chaubal R. Chen H. C. Chiang A. Choi T-L. Chou R. Citron C. Corbett Moran J. Cordero M. Costanzi T. M. Crawford A. T. Crites L. N. da Costa M. E. S. Pereira C. Davis T. M. Davis J. DeRose S. Desai T. de Haan H. T. Diehl M. A. Dobbs S. Dodelson C. Doux A. Drlica-Wagner K. Eckert J. Elvin-Poole S. Everett W. Everett I. Ferrero A. Ferté A. M. Flores J. Frieman J. Gallicchio J. García-Bellido M. Gatti E. M. George G. Giannini M. D. Gladders D. Gruen R. A. Gruendl N. Gupta G. Gutierrez N. W. Halverson I. Harrison W. G. Hartley K. Herner S. R. Hinton G. P. Holder D. L. Hollowood W. L. Holzapfel K. Honscheid J. D. Hrubes N. Huang J. Hubmayr E. M. Huff D. Huterer K. D. Irwin D. J. James M. Jarvis G. Khullar K. Kim L. Knox R. Kraft E. Krause K. Kuehn N. Kuropatkin F. Kéruzoré O. Lahav A. T. Lee P.-F. Leget D. Li H. Lin A. Lowitz N. MacCrann G. Mahler A. Mantz J. L. Marshall J. McCullough M. McDonald J. J. McMahon J. Mena-Fernández F. Menanteau S. S. Meyer R. Miquel J. Montgomery J. Myles T. Natoli A. Navarro-Alsina J. P. Nibarger G. I. Noble V. Novosad R. L. C. Ogando Y. Omori S. Padin S. Pandey P. Paschos S. Patil A. Pieres A. A. Plazas Malagón A. Porredon J. Prat C. Pryke M. Raveri C. L. Reichardt J. Roberson R. P. Rollins C. Romero A. Roodman J. E. Ruhl E. S. Rykoff B. R. Saliwanchik L. Salvati C. Sánchez E. Sanchez D. Sanchez Cid A. Saro K. K. Schaffer L. F. Secco I. Sevilla-Noarbe K. Sharon E. Sheldon T. Shin C. Sievers G. Smecher M. Smith T. Somboonpanyakul M. Sommer B. Stalder A. A. Stark J. Stephen V. Straz University Observatory Faculty of Physics Universität Innsbruck Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik Technikerstraße 25/8 6020 Innsbruck Austria High-Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Gießenbachstraße 1 85748 Garching Germany Argelander-Institut für Astronomie Auf dem Hügel 71 53121 Bonn Germany Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory Casilla 603 La Serena Chile School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3YB United Kingdom Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia—LIneA Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro—20921-400 Brazil Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P. O. Box 500 Batavia Illinois 60510 USA Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 452 Lomita Mall Stanford California 94305 USA Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall Stanford California 94305 USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom School of Physics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 Boulder Colorado 80305 USA Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation University of Portsmouth Portsmouth

We present cosmological constraints from the abundance of galaxy clusters selected via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect in South Pole Telescope (SPT) data with a simultaneous mass calibration using weak gravitational lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The cluster sample is constructed from the combined SPT-SZ, SPTpol ECS, and SPTpol 500d surveys, and comprises 1,005 confirmed clusters in the redshift range 0.25–1.78 over a total sky area of 5200 deg2. We use DES Year 3 weak-lensing data for 688 clusters with redshifts z<0.95 and HST weak-lensing data for 39 clusters with 0.6dataset, we place a 95% upper limit on the sum of neutrino masses ∑mν<0.18 eV. When additionally allowing the dark energy equation of state parameter w to vary, we obtain w=−1.45±0.31 from our cluster-based analysis. In combination with Planck data, we measure w=−1.34−0.15+0.22, or a 2.2σ difference with a cosmological constant. We use the cluster abundance to measure σ8 in five redshift bins between 0.25 and 1.8, and we find the results to be consistent with structure growth as predicted by the ΛCDM model fit to Planck primary CMB data.

关键词： Cosmological parameters Dark energy Large scale structure of the Universe Galaxy clusters

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The gravity collective: A search for the electromagnetic counterpart to the neutron star-black hole merger GW190814

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kilpatrick, Charles D. Coulter, David A. Arcavi, Iair Brink, Thomas G. Dimitriadis, Georgios Filippenko, Alexei V. Foley, Ryan J. Howell, D. Andrew Jones, David O. Makler, Martin Piro, Anthony L. Rojas-Bravo, César Sand, David J. Swift, Jonathan J. Tucker, Douglas Zheng, Weikang Allam, Sahar S. Annis, James T. Antilen, Juanita Bachmann, Tristan G. Bloom, Joshua S. Bom, Clecio R. Bostroem, K. Azalee Brout, Dillon Burke, Jamison Butler, Robert E. Butner, Melissa Campillay, Abdo Clever, Karoli E. Conselice, Christopher J. Cooke, Jeff Dage, Kristen C. de Carvalho, Reinaldo R. Jaeger, Thomas D.E. Desai, Shantanu Garcia, Alyssa Garcia-Bellido, Juan Gill, Mandeep S.S. Girish, Nachiket Hallakoun, Na'Ama Herner, Kenneth Hiramatsu, Daichi Holz, Daniel E. Huber, Grace Kawash, Adam M. McCully, Curtis Medallon, Sophia A. Metzger, Brian D. Modak, Shaunak Morgan, Robert Muñoz, Ricardo R. Muñoz-Elgueta, Nahir Murakami, Yukei S. Olivares, Felipe E. Palmese, Antonella Patra, Kishore Pereira, Maria E.S. Pessi, Thallis L. Pineda-Garcia, J. Quirola-Vásquez, Jonathan Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico Rembold, Sandro Barboza Rest, Armin Rodríguez, Ósmar Santana-Silva, Luidhy Sherman, Nora F. Siebert, Matthew R. Smith, Carli Smith, J. Allyn Soares-Santos, Marcelle Stacey, Holland Stahl, Benjamin E. Strader, Jay Strasburger, Erika Sunseri, James Tinyanont, Samaporn Tucker, Brad E. Ulloa, Natalie Valenti, Stefano Vasylyev, Sergiy Wiesner, Matthew P. Zhang, Keto D. Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States The School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program CIFAR Toronto Canada Department of Astronomy University of California BerkeleyCA94720-3411 United States Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106-9530 United States Las Cumbres Observatory 6740 Cortona Dr Suite 102 GoletaCA93117-5575 United States International Center for Advanced Studies & Instituto de Ciencias Físicas ECyT-UNSAM & CONICET Buenos Aires1650 Argentina Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 Rio de Janeiro RJCEP 22290-180 Brazil The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science 813 Santa Barbara St. PasadenaCA91101 United States Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States Thacher Observatory Thacher School 5025 Thacher Rd. OjaiCA93023 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P. O. Box 500 BataviaIL60510 United States Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Camino El Observatorio 1515 Las Condes Santiago Chile Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road MS 50B-4206 BerkeleyCA94720-3411 United States Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca Rodovia Mário Covas lote J2 quadra J Itaguaí RJCEP 23810-000 Brazil Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California DavisCA95616 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Astronomy Indiana University 727 E. Third St. BloomingtonIN47405 United States Dep

We present optical follow-up imaging obtained with the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Nickel Telescope, Swope Telescope, and Thacher Telescope of the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave (GW) signal from the neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger GW190814. We searched the GW190814 localization region (19 deg2 for the 90th percentile best localization), covering a total of 51 deg2 and 94.6% of the two-dimensional localization region. Analyzing the properties of 189 transients that we consider as candidate counterparts to the NSBH merger, including their localizations, discovery times from merger, optical spectra, likely host-galaxy redshifts, and photometric evolution, we conclude that none of these objects are likely to be associated with GW190814. Based on this finding, we consider the likely optical properties of an electromagnetic counterpart to GW190814, including possible kilonovae and short gamma-ray burst afterglows. Using the joint limits from our follow-up imaging, we conclude that a counterpart with an rband decline rate of 0.68 mag day−1, similar to the kilonova AT 2017gfo, could peak at an absolute magnitude of at most −17.8 mag (50% confidence). Our data are not constraining for "red" kilonovae and rule out "blue" kilonovae with M > 0.5 M* (30% confidence). We strongly rule out all known types of short gamma-ray burst afterglows with viewing angles ◦ assuming an initial jet opening angle of ∼ 5.2◦ and explosion energies and circumburst densities similar to afterglows explored in the literature. Finally, we explore the possibility that GW190814 merged in the disk of an active galactic nucleus, of which we find four in the localization region, but we do not find any candidate counterparts among these sources. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Stars

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Is the winner really the best? A critical analysis of common research practice in biomedical image analysis competitions

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Maier-Hein, Lena Eisenmann, Matthias Reinke, Annika Onogur, Sinan Stankovic, Marko Scholz, Patrick Arbel, Tal Bogunovic, Hrvoje Bradley, Andrew P. Carass, Aaron Carolin Feldmann Frangi, Alejandro F. Ful, Peter M. van Ginneken, Bram Hanbury, Allan Honauer, Katrin Kozubek, Michal Landman, Bennett A. Marz, Keno Maier, Oskar Maier-Hein, Klaus Menze, Bjoern H. Müller, Henning Neher, Peter F. Niessen, Wiro Rajpoot, Nasir Sharp, Gregory C. Sirinukunwattana, Korsuk Speidel, Stefanie Stock, Christian Stoyanov, Danail Taha, Abdel Aziz van der Sommen, Fons Wang, Ching-Wei Weber, Marc-André Zheng, Guoyan Jannin, Pierre Kopp-Schneider, Annette Heidelberg Germany Centre for Intelligent Machines McGill University MontrealQC Canada Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis Department of Ophthalmology Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University Baltimore United States CISTIB Centre for Computational Imaging and Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Medical Image Analysis Radboud University Center Nijmegen Netherlands Institute of Information Systems Engineering TU Wien Vienna Austria Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Electrical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Institute of Medical Informatics Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck Germany Heidelberg Germany Institute for Advanced Studies Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Information System Institute HES-SO Sierre Switzerland Departments of Radiology Nuclear Medicine and Medical Informatics Erasmus MC Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Computer Science University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA United States Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden Dresden Germany Heidelberg Germany Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Data Science Studio Research Studios Austria FG Vienna Austria Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands AIExplore NTUST Center of Computer Vision and Medical Imaging Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Ta

International challenges have become the standard for validation of biomedical image analysis methods. Given their scientific impact, it is surprising that a critical analysis of common practices related to the organization of challenges has not yet been performed. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of biomedical image analysis challenges conducted up to now. We demonstrate the importance of challenges and show that the lack of quality control has critical consequences. First, reproducibility and interpretation of the results is often hampered as only a fraction of relevant information is typically provided. Second, the rank of an algorithm is generally not robust to a number of variables such as the test data used for validation, the ranking scheme applied and the observers that make the reference annotations. To overcome these problems, we recommend best practice guidelines and define open research questions to be addressed in the future. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quality control

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data Mining for better material synthesis: the case of pulsed laser deposition of complex oxides

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Young, Steven R. Maksov, Artem Ziatdinov, Maxim Cao, Ye Burch, Matthew Balachandran, Janakiraman Li, Linglong Somnath, Suhas Patton, Robert M. Kalinin, Sergei V. Vasudevan, Rama K. Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN37831 United States Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Multi-disciplinary Materials Research Center Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’anShaanxi710049 China Advanced Data and Workflows Group National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States

The pursuit of more advanced electronics, and finding solutions to energy needs often hinges upon the discovery and optimization of new functional materials. However, the discovery rate of these materials is alarmingly low. Much of the information that could drive this rate higher is scattered across tens of thousands of papers in the extant literature published over several decades but is not in an indexed form, and cannot be used in entirety without substantial effort. Many of these limitations can be circumvented if the experimentalist has access to systematized collections of prior experimental procedures and results. Here, we investigate the property-processing relationship during growth of oxide films by pulsed laser deposition. To do so, we develop an enabling software tool to (1) mine the literature of relevant papers for synthesis parameters and functional properties of previously studied materials, (2) enhance the accuracy of this mining through crowd sourcing approaches, (3) create a searchable repository that will be a community-wide resource enabling material scientists to leverage this information, and (4) provide through the Jupyter notebook platform, simple machine-learning-based analysis to learn the complex interactions between growth parameters and functional properties (all data/codes available on https://***/ORNL-dataMatls). The results allow visualization of growth windows, trends and outliers, and which can serve as a template for analyzing the distribution of growth conditions, provide starting points for related compounds and act as feedback for first-principles calculations. Such tools will comprise an integral part of the materials design schema in the coming decade. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pulsed laser deposition

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Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

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The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2020年第6期8卷 585-596页

作者： Soriano, Joan B Kendrick, Parkes J Paulson, Katherine R Gupta, Vinay Abrams, Elissa M Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji Adhikari, Tara Ballav Advani, Shailesh M Agrawal, Anurag Ahmadian, Elham Alahdab, Fares Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Altirkawi, Khalid A Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Anber, Nahla Hamed Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anjomshoa, Mina Ansari, Fereshteh Antó, Josep M Arabloo, Jalal Athari, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Awoke, Nefsu Badawi, Alaa Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar Bennett, Derrick A Bensenor, Isabela M Berfield, Kathleen S Sachiko Bernstein, Robert S Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Brauer, Michael Bukhman, Gene Butt, Zahid A Cámera, Luis Alberto Car, Josip Carrero, Juan J Carvalho, Felix Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine Christopher, Devasahayam J Cohen, Aaron J Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dang, Anh Kim Daryani, Ahmad de Courten, Barbora Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam De Neve, Jan-Walter Desai, Rupak Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Diaz, Daniel Douiri, Abdel Driscoll, Tim Robert Duken, Eyasu Ejeta Eftekhari, Aziz Elkout, Hajer Endries, Aman Yesuf Fadhil, Ibtihal Faro, Andre Farzadfar, Farshad Fernandes, Eduarda Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foroutan, Masoud Garcia-Gordillo, M.A. Gebre, Abadi Kahsu Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal Gill, Paramjit Singh Gillum, Richard F Goudarzi, Houman Guo, Yuming Gupta, Rajeev Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa Hasanzadeh, Amir Hassen, Hamid Yimam Hay, Simon I Hoang, Chi Linh Hole, Michael K Horita, Nobuyuki Hosgood, H Dean Hostiuc, Mihaela Househ, Mowafa Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Ilic, Milena D Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Jakovljevic, Mihajlo Jamal, Amr A Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B Kabir, Zubair Kasaeian, Amir Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kefale, Adane Teshome Kengne, Andre Pascal Khader, Yousef Saleh Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khubchandani, Jagdish Kim, Young-Eun Kim, Yun Jin Kisa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (Princess University Hospital) Madrid Spain Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases Network) Madrid Spain Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Seattle WA United States Department of Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States University of Washington Seattle WA United States Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada Ophthalmology Department University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada Department of Paediatrics University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Department of Medical Rehabilitation Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Nepal Health Frontiers University of Southern Denmark Kathmandu Nepal Social Behavioral Research Branch National Institute of Health Bethesda MD United States Department of Oncology Georgetown University Washington DC United States Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Delhi India Internal Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX United States Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems Baku Azerbaijan Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundat

Background: Previous attempts to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases have focused only on specific disease conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. In this study, we aimed to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases globally, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis on geographical and time trends from 1990 to 2017. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, we estimated the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality attributable to chronic respiratory diseases through an analysis of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL) by GBD super-region, from 1990 to 2017, stratified by age and sex. Specific diseases analysed included asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and other chronic respiratory diseases. We also assessed the contribution of risk factors (smoking, second-hand smoke, ambient particulate matter and ozone pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, and occupational risks) to chronic respiratory disease-attributable DALYs. Findings: In 2017, 544·9 million people (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 506·9–584·8) worldwide had a chronic respiratory disease, representing an increase of 39·8% compared with 1990. Chronic respiratory disease prevalence showed wide variability across GBD super-regions, with the highest prevalence among both males and females in high-income regions, and the lowest prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia. The age-sex-specific prevalence of each chronic respiratory disease in 2017 was also highly variable geographically. Chronic respiratory diseases were the third leading cause of death in 2017 (7·0% [95% UI 6·8–7·2] of all deaths), behind cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Deaths due to chronic respiratory diseases numbered 3 914 196 (95% UI 3 790 578–4 044 819) in 2017, an increase of 18·0% since 1990, while

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