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arXiv 2018年

作者： Rule, Adam Birmingham, Amanda Zuniga, Cristal Altintas, Ilkay Huang, Shih-Cheng Knight, Rob Moshiri, Niema Nguyen, Mai H. Rosenthal, Sara Brin Pérez, Fernando Rose, Peter W. Design Lab UC San Diego San DiegoCA United States Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics UC San Diego San DiegoCA United States Department of Pediatrics UC San Diego San DiegoCA United States Data Science Hub San Diego Supercomputer Center UC San Diego San DiegoCA United States Departments of Bioengineering and Computer Science and Engineering Center for Microbiome Innovation UC San Diego San DiegoCA United States Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program UC San Diego San DiegoCA United States Department of Statistics Berkeley Institute for Data Science UC Berkeley Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Biomedical Informatics Graduate Program Stanford University StanfordCA United States

Reproducibility of computational studies is a hallmark of scientific methodology. It enables researchers to build with confidence on the methods and findings of others, reuse and extend computational pipelines, and thereby drive scientific progress. Since many experimental studies rely on computational analyses, biologists need guidance on how to set up and document reproducible data analyses or simulations. In this paper, we address several questions about reproducibility. For example, what are the technical and non-technical barriers to reproducible computational studies? What opportunities and challenges do computational notebooks offer to overcome some of these barriers? What tools are available and how can they be used effectively? We have developed a set of rules to serve as a guide to scientists with a specific focus on computational notebook systems, such as Jupyter Notebooks, which have become a tool of choice for many applications. Notebooks combine detailed workflows with narrative text and visualization of results. Combined with software repositories and open source licensing, notebooks are powerful tools for transparent, collaborative, reproducible, and reusable data analyses. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Digital storage

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The occurrence of rocky habitable zone planets around Solar-like stars from Kepler data

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Bryson, Steve Kunimoto, Michelle Kopparapu, Ravi K. Coughlin, Jeffrey L. Borucki, William J. Koch, David Aguirre, Victor Silva Allen, Christopher Barentsen, Geert Batalha, Natalie M. Berger, Travis Boss, Alan Buchhave, Lars A. Burke, Christopher J. Caldwell, Douglas A. Campbell, Jennifer R. Catanzarite, Joseph Chandrasekaran, Hema Chaplin, William J. Christiansen, Jessie L. Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen Ciardi, David R. Clarke, Bruce D. Cochran, William D. Dotson, Jessie L. Doyle, Laurance R. Duarte, Eduardo Seperuelo Dunham, Edward W. Dupree, Andrea K. Endl, Michael Fanson, James L. Ford, Eric B. Fujieh, Maura Gautier, Thomas N. Geary, John C. Gilliland, Ronald L. Girouard, Forrest R. Gould, Alan Haas, Michael R. Henze, Christopher E. Holman, Matthew J. Howard, Andrew W. Howell, Steve B. Huber, Daniel Hunter, Roger C. Jenkins, Jon M. Kjeldsen, Hans Kolodziejczak, Jeffery Larson, Kipp Latham, David W. Li, Jie Mathur, Savita Meibom, Søren Middour, Chris Morris, Robert L. Morton, Timothy D. Mullally, Fergal Mullally, Susan E. Pletcher, David Prsa, Andrej Quinn, Samuel N. Quintana, Elisa V. Ragozzine, Darin Ramirez, Solange V. Sanderfer, Dwight T. Sasselov, Dimitar Seader, Shawn E. Shabram, Megan Shporer, Avi Smith, Jeffrey C. Steffen, Jason H. Still, Martin Torres, Guillermo Troeltzsch, John Twicken, Joseph D. Uddin, Akm Kamal van Cleve, Jeffrey E. Voss, Janice Weiss, Lauren Welsh, William F. Wohler, Bill Zamudio, Khadeejah A. NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia 6224 Agricultural Road VancouverBCV6T 1Z1 Canada NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States SETI Institute 189 Bernardo Ave Suite 200 Mountain ViewCA94043 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 120 Aarhus CDK-8000 Denmark Orbital Sciences Corporation NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States Bay Area Environmental Research Institute 625 2nd St. Ste 209 PetalumaCA94952 United States University of California Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA United States Institute for Astronomy University of Hawai‘i 2680 Woodlawn Drive HonoluluHI96822 United States Earth & Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science United States DTU Space National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark Elektrovej 328 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Cross-Entropy Consulting United States Computational Engineering Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-261 LivermoreCA94550 United States School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom Caltech/IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute PasadenaCA91125 United States NASA Exoplanet Science Institute-Caltech/IPAC PasadenaCA91125 United States McDonald Observatory Center for Planetary Systems Habitability University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro Nilópolis RJ Brazil Lowell Observatory 1400 W Mars Hill Rd FlagstaffAZ86001 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St. CambridgeMA02138 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysi

We present occurrence rates for rocky planets in the habitable zones (HZ) of main-sequence dwarf stars based on the Kepler DR25 planet candidate catalog and Gaia-based stellar properties. We provide the first analysis in terms of star-dependent instellation flux, which allows us to track HZ planets. We define η⨁ as the HZ occurrence of planets with radius between 0.5 and 1.5 R⨁ orbiting stars with effective temperatures between 4800 K and 6300 K. We find that η⨁ for the conservative HZ is between 0.37+0−04821 (errors reflect 68% credible intervals) and 0.60+0−09036 planets per star, while the optimistic HZ occurrence is between 0.58+0−07333 and 0.88+1−02851 planets per star. These bounds reflect two extreme assumptions about the extrapolation of completeness beyond orbital periods where DR25 completeness data are available. The large uncertainties are due to the small number of detected small HZ planets. We find similar occurrence rates using both a Poisson likelihood Bayesian analysis and Approximate Bayesian Computation. Our results are corrected for catalog completeness and reliability. Both completeness and the planet occurrence rate are dependent on stellar effective temperature. We also present occurrence rates for various stellar populations and planet size ranges. We estimate with 95% confidence that, on average, the nearest HZ planet around G and K dwarfs is ∼6 pc away, and there are ∼ 4 HZ rocky planets around G and K dwarfs within 10 pc of the Sun. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extrasolar planets

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Analysis of more than 400,000 women provides case-control evidence for BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant classification

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4852页

作者： Maria Zanti Denise G O'Mahony Michael T Parsons Leila Dorling Joe Dennis Nicholas J Boddicker Wenan Chen Chunling Hu Marc Naven Kristia Yiangou Thomas U Ahearn Christine B Ambrosone Irene L Andrulis Antonis C Antoniou Paul L Auer Caroline Baynes Clara Bodelon Natalia V Bogdanova Stig E Bojesen Manjeet K Bolla Kristen D Brantley Nicola J Camp Archie Campbell Jose E Castelao Melissa H Cessna Jenny Chang-Claude Fei Chen Georgia Chenevix-Trench Don M Conroy Kamila Czene Arcangela De Nicolo Susan M Domchek Thilo Dörk Alison M Dunning A Heather Eliassen D Gareth Evans Peter A Fasching Jonine D Figueroa Henrik Flyger Manuela Gago-Dominguez Montserrat García-Closas Gord Glendon Anna González-Neira Felix Grassmann Andreas Hadjisavvas Christopher A Haiman Ute Hamann Steven N Hart Mikael B A Hartman Weang-Kee Ho James M Hodge Reiner Hoppe Sacha J Howell Anna Jakubowska Elza K Khusnutdinova Yon-Dschun Ko Peter Kraft Vessela N Kristensen James V Lacey Jingmei Li Geok Hoon Lim Sara Lindström Artitaya Lophatananon Craig Luccarini Arto Mannermaa Maria Elena Martinez Dimitrios Mavroudis Roger L Milne Kenneth Muir Katherine L Nathanson Rocio Nuñez-Torres Nadia Obi Janet E Olson Julie R Palmer Mihalis I Panayiotidis Alpa V Patel Paul D P Pharoah Eric C Polley Muhammad U Rashid Kathryn J Ruddy Emmanouil Saloustros Elinor J Sawyer Marjanka K Schmidt Melissa C Southey Veronique Kiak-Mien Tan Soo Hwang Teo Lauren R Teras Diana Torres Amy Trentham-Dietz Thérèse Truong Celine M Vachon Qin Wang Jeffrey N Weitzel Siddhartha Yadav Song Yao Gary R Zirpoli Melissa S Cline Peter Devilee Sean V Tavtigian David E Goldgar Fergus J Couch Douglas F Easton Amanda B Spurdle Kyriaki Michailidou Biostatistics Unit The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics Nicosia Cyprus. Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway. Population Health Program QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Division of Computational Biology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda MD USA. Department of Cancer Prevention and Control Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Institute Buffalo NY USA. Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada. Division of Biostatistics Data Science Institute and Cancer Center Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Department of Population Science American Cancer Society Atlanta GA USA. Radiation Oncology Research Unit Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany. Copenhagen General Population Study Herlev and Gentofte Hospital Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Denmark. Department of Clinical Biochemistry Herlev and Gentofte Hospital Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Denmark. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark. Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA. Department of Internal Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA. Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine Institute of Genetics & Cancer The University of Ed

Clinical genetic testing identifies variants causal for hereditary cancer, information that is used for risk assessment and clinical management. Unfortunately, some variants identified are of uncertain clinical significance (VUS), complicating patient management. Case-control data is one evidence type used to classify VUS. As an initiative of the Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) Analytical Working Group we analyze germline sequencing data of BRCA1 and BRCA2 from 96,691 female breast cancer cases and 302,116 controls from three studies: the BRIDGES study of the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, the Cancer Risk Estimates Related to Susceptibility consortium, and the UK Biobank. We observe 11,207 BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants, with 6909 being coding, covering 23.4% of BRCA1 and BRCA2 VUS in ClinVar and 19.2% of ClinVar curated (likely) benign or pathogenic variants. Case-control likelihood ratio (ccLR) evidence is highly consistent with ClinVar assertions for (likely) benign or pathogenic variants; exhibiting 99.1% sensitivity and 95.3% specificity for BRCA1 and 93.3% sensitivity and 86.6% specificity for BRCA2. This approach provides case-control evidence for 787 unclassified variants; these include 579 with strong or moderate benign evidence and 10 with strong pathogenic evidence for which ccLR evidence is sufficient to alter clinical classification.

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Evaluating reinforcement learning algorithms in observational health settings

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Gottesman, Omer Johansson, Fredrik Meier, Joshua Dent, Jack Lee, Donghun Srinivasan, Srivatsan Zhang, Linying Ding, Yi Wihl, David Peng, Xuefeng Yao, Jiayu Lage, Isaac Mosch, Christopher Lehman, Li-Wei H. Komorowski, Matthieu Faisal, Aldo Celi, Leo Anthony Sontag, David Doshi-Velez, Finale Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Institute for Medical Engineering and Science MIT T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Department of Statistics Harvard University Laboratory for Computational Physiology Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology MIT Department of Surgery and Cancer Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center MIT Critical Data

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IDTxl: The information dynamics toolkit xl: A python package for the efficient analysis of multivariate information dynamics in networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Wollstadt, Patricia Lizier, Joseph T. Vicente, Raul Finn, Conor Martinez-Zarzuela, Mario Mediano, Pedro Novelli, Leonardo Wibral, Michael MEG Unit Brain Imaging Center Goethe-University Frankfurt Fankfurt am Main Germany Centre for Complex Systems Faculty of Engineering and IT University of Sydney SydneyNSW Australia Computational Neuroscience Lab Institute of Computer Science Tartu Estonia Data61 CSIRO EppingNSW Australia Communications and Signal Theory and Telematics Engineering University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain Computational Neurodynamics Group Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization Göttingen Germany Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks Georg-August Universität Göttingen Germany

We present IDTxl (the Information Dynamics Toolkit xl), a new open source Python toolbox for effective network inference from multivariate time series using information theory, available from GitHub (https://***/pwollstadt/IDTxl). Information theory (Cover & Thomas, 2006;MacKay, 2003;Shannon, 1948) is the mathematical theory of information and its transmission over communication channels. Information theory provides quantitative measures of the information content of a single random variable (entropy) and of the information shared between two variables (mutual information). The defined measures build on probability theory and solely depend on the probability distributions of the variables involved. As a consequence, the dependence between two variables can be quantified as the information shared between them, without the need to explicitly model a specific type of dependence. Hence, mutual information is a model-free measure of dependence, which makes it a popular choice for the analysis of systems other than communication channels. Transfer entropy (TE) (Schreiber, 2000) is an extension of mutual information that measures the directed information transfer between time series of a source and a target variable. TE has become popular in many scientific disciplines to infer dependencies and whole networks from data. Notable application domains include neuroscience (Wibral, Vicente, & Lindner, 2014) and dynamical systems analysis (Lizier, Prokopenko, & Zomaya, 2014) (see Bossomaier, Barnett, Harré, & Lizier (2016) for an introduction to TE and a comprehensive discussion of its application). In the majority of the applications, TE is used in a bivariate fashion, where information transfer is quantified between all sourcetarget pairs. In a multivariate setting, however, such a bivariate analysis may infer spurious or redundant interactions, where multiple sources provide the same information about the target. Conversely, bivariate analysis may also miss synergistic

关键词： High level languages

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A new ab initio modeling scheme for ion self-diffusion coefficient applied for ϵ-Cu3Sn phase of Su-Sn alloy

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Ichibha, Tom Prayogo, Genki Hongo, Kenta Maezono, Ryo School of Information Science JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa923-1292 Japan School of Materials Science JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa923-1292 Japan Research Center for Advanced Computing Infrastructure JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa923-1292 Japan Center for Materials Research by Information Integration Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba305-0047 Japan PRESTO Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi-shi Saitama322-0012 Japan Computational Engineering Applications Unit RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan

We present a new modeling scheme for ion self-diffusion coefficient, which broadens the applicable scope of ab initio approach. The essential concepts of the scheme are 'domain division' and 'coarse graining' of the diffusion network based on the barrier energies predicted by the ab initio calculation. The scheme was applied to evaluate Cu ion self-diffusion coefficient in ϵ-Cu3Sn phase of Cu-Sn alloy, which is a typical system having long-range periodicity. The model constructed with the scheme successfully reproduces the experimental values in a wide temperature range. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tin alloys

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Another Shipment of Six Short-Period Giant Planets from TESS

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Rodriguez, Joseph E. Quinn, Samuel N. Vanderburg, Andrew Zhou, George Eastman, Jason D. Thygesen, Erica Cale, Bryson Ciardi, David R. Reed, Phillip A. Oelkers, Ryan J. Collins, Karen A. Bieryla, Allyson Latham, David W. Gonzales, Erica J. Gaudi, B. Scott Hellier, Coel Jones, Matías I. Brahm, Rafael Sokolovsky, Kirill Schulte, Jack Srdoc, Gregor Kielkopf, John Horta, Ferran Grau Massey, Bob Evans, Phil Stephens, Denise C. McLeod, Kim K. Chazov, Nikita Krushinsky, Vadim Ghachoui, Mourad Safonov, Boris S. Dedrick, Cayla M. Conti, Dennis Laloum, Didier Giacalone, Steven Ziegler, Carl Serra, Pere Guerra Nogues, Ramon Naves Murgas, Felipe Michaels, Edward J. Ricker, George R. Vanderspek, Roland K. Seager, Sara Winn, Joshua N. Jenkins, Jon M. Addison, Brett Alfaro, Owen Anderson, D.R. Aydi, Elias Beatty, Thomas G. Bedding, Timothy R. Belinski, Alexander A. Benkhaldoun, Zouhair Berlind, Perry Blake, Cullen H. Bowen, Michael J. Bowler, Brendan P. Boyle, Andrew W. Branson, Dalton Briceño, César Calkins, Michael L. Campbell, Emma Christiansen, Jessie L. Chomiuk, Laura Collins, Kevin I. Cornachione, Matthew A. Daassou, Ahmed Dressing, Courtney D. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Feliz, Dax L. Fong, William Fukui, Akihiko Gan, Tianjun Gill, Holden Goliguzova, Maria V. Hansen, Jarrod Henning, Thomas Hintz, Eric G. Hobson, Melissa J. Horner, Jonathan Huang, Chelsea X. James, David J. Jensen, Jacob S. Johnson, Samson A. Jordán, Andrés Kane, Stephen R. Barkaoui, Khalid Kim, Myung-Jin Kim, Kingsley Kuhn, Rudolf B. Law, Nicholas Lewin, Pablo Liu, Hui-Gen Lund, Michael B. Mann, Andrew W. McCrady, Nate Mengel, Matthew W. Mink, Jessica Murphy, Lauren G. Narita, Norio Newman, Patrick Okumura, Jack Osborn, Hugh P. Paegert, Martin Palle, Enric Pepper, Joshua Plavchan, Peter Popov, Alexander A. Rabus, Markus Ranshaw, Jessica Rodriguez, Jennifer A. Roh, Dong-Goo Reefe, Michael A. Savel, Arjun B. Schwarz, Richard P. Shporer, Avi Siverd, Robert J. Sliski, David H. Stassun, Keivan G. Stevens, Daniel J. Soubkiou, Abderahmane Ting, Eric B. Tinney, C.G. Vow Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Centre for Astrophysics University of Southern Queensland West Street ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia Caltech IPAC NASA Exoplanet Science Institute 1200 E. California Ave PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physical Sciences Kutztown University KutztownPA19530 United States George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Charles R. & Judith G. Munnerlyn Astronomical Laboratory Department of Physics & Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley BrownsvilleTX78520 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States Department of Astronomy The Ohio State University 140 West 18th Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States Astrophysics Group Keele University StaffordshireST5 5BG United Kingdom European Southern Observatory Alonso de Córdova 3107 Vitacura Casilla Santiago19001 Chile Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez Av. Diagonal las Torres 2640 Peñalolén Santiago Chile Millennium Institute for Astrophysics Chile Data Observatory Foundation Chile Kotizarovci Observatory Sarsoni 90 Viskovo51216 Croatia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Louisville LouisvilleKY40292 United States Observatri de Ca l'Ou United States Villa'39 Observatory LandersCA92285 United States El Sauce Observatory Coquimbo Province Chile Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young Un

We present the discovery and characterization of six short-period, transiting giant planets from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) - TOI-1811 (TIC 376524552), TOI-2025 (TIC 394050135), TOI-2145 (TIC 88992642), TOI-2152 (TIC 395393265), TOI-2154 (TIC 428787891), & TOI-2497 (TIC 97568467). All six planets orbit bright host stars (8.9 P = 0.99-1.45 RJ), have masses ranging from 0.92 to 5.26 MJ, and orbit F, G, and K stars (4766 ≤ Teff ≤ 7360 K). We detect a significant orbital eccentricity for the three longest-period systems in our sample: TOI-2025 b (P = 8.872 days, 0.394+0.035..0.038, TOI-2145 b (P = 10.261 days, e = 0.208+0.034-0.047, and TOI-2497 b (P = 10.656 days, e = 0.195+0.043-0.040. TOI-2145 b and TOI-2497 b both orbit subgiant host stars (3.8 +0.38-0.37 MJ (TOI-2145 b) and 4.82 ± 0.41 MJ (TOI-2497 b). These six new discoveries contribute to the larger community effort to use TESS to create a magnitude-complete, self-consistent sample of giant planets with well-determined parameters for future detailed studies. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Satellites

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Ab initio search of polymer crystals with high thermal conductivity

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Utimula, Keishu Ichibha, Tom Maezono, Ryo Hongo, Kenta School of Materials Science JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa923-1292 Japan School of Information Science JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa923-1292 Japan Computational Engineering Applications Unit RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan Research Center for Advanced Computing Infrastructure JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa923-1292 Japan Center for Materials Research by Information Integration Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba305-0047 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi-shi Saitama322-0012 Japan

Lattice thermal conductivities (LTC) for a subset of polymer crystals from the Polymer Genome Library were investigated to explore high LTC polymer systems. We employed a first-principles approach to evaluating phonon lifetimes within the third-order perturbation theory combined with density functional theory, and then solved the linearized Boltzmann transport equation with single-mode relaxation time approximated by the computed lifetime. Typical high LTC polymer systems, polyethylene (PE) crystal and fiber, were benchmarked, which is reasonably consistent with previous references, validating our approach. We then applied it to not only typical polymer crystals, but also some selected ones having structural similarities to PE. Among the latter crystals, we discovered that beta phase of Poly(vinylidenesurely fluoride) (PVF-β) crystal has higher LTC than PE at low temperature. Our detailed mode analysis revealed that the phonon lifetime of PVF-β is more locally distributed around lower frequency modes and four-times larger than that of PE. It was also found from a simple data analysis that the LTC relatively correlates with curvature of energy-volume plot. The curvature would be used as a descriptor for further exploration of high LTC polymer crystals by means of a data-driven approach beyond human-based one. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perturbation techniques

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High-depth African genomes inform human migration and health (vol 586, pg 741, 2020)

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NATURE 2021年第7856期592卷 E26-E26页

作者： Choudhury, Ananyo Aron, Shaun Botigue, Laura R. Sengupta, Dhriti Botha, Gerrit Bensellak, Taoufik Wells, Gordon Kumuthini, Judit Shriner, Daniel Fakim, Yasmina J. Ghoorah, Anisah W. Dareng, Eileen Odia, Trust Falola, Oluwadamilare Adebiyi, Ezekiel Hazelhurst, Scott Mazandu, Gaston Nyangiri, Oscar A. Mbiyavanga, Mamana Benkahla, Alia Kassim, Samar K. Mulder, Nicola Adebamowo, Sally N. Chimusa, Emile R. Muzny, Donna Metcalf, Ginger Gibbs, Richard A. Matovu, Enock Bucheton, Bruno Hertz-Fowler, Christiane Koffi, Mathurin Macleod, Annette Mumba-Ngoyi, Dieudonne Noyes, Harry Nyangiri, Oscar A. Simo, Gustave Simuunza, Martin Rotimi, Charles Ramsay, Michele Choudhury, Ananyo Choudhury, Ananyo Aron, Shaun Botigue, Laura Sengupta, Dhriti Botha, Gerrit Bensellak, Taoufik Wells, Gordon Kumuthini, Judit Shriner, Daniel Fakim, Yasmina J. Ghoorah, Anisah W. Dareng, Eileen Odia, Trust Falola, Oluwadamilare Adebiyi, Ezekiel Hazelhurst, Scott Mazandu, Gaston Nyangiri, Oscar A. Mbiyavanga, Mamana Benkahla, Alia Kassim, Samar K. Mulder, Nicola Adebamowo, Sally N. Chimusa, Emile R. Rotimi, Charles Ramsay, Michele Adeyemo, Adebowale A. Lombard, Zane Hanchard, Neil A. Adebamowo, Clement Agongo, Godfred Boua, Romuald P. Oduro, Abraham Sorgho, Hermann Landoure, Guida Cisse, Lassana Diarra, Salimata Samassekou, Oumar Anabwani, Gabriel Matshaba, Mogomotsi Joloba, Moses Kekitiinwa, Adeodata Mardon, Graeme Mpoloka, Sununguko W. Kyobe, Samuel Mlotshwa, Busisiwe Mwesigwa, Savannah Retshabile, Gaone Williams, Lesedi Wonkam, Ambroise Moussa, Ahmed Adu, Dwomoa Ojo, Akinlolu Burke, David Salako, Babatunde O. Matovu, Enock Bucheton, Bruno Hertz-Fowler, Christiane Koffi, Mathurin Macleod, Annette Mumba-Ngoyi, Dieudonne Noyes, Harry Nyangiri, Oscar A. Simo, Gustave Simuunza, Martin Awadalla, Philip Bruat, Vanessa Gbeha, Elias Adeyemo, Adebowale A. Lombard, Zane Hanchard, Neil A. Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa Division of Human Genetics National Health Laboratory Service and School of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa Navrongo Health Research Centre Navrongo Ghana Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Plant and Animal Genomics Program CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Barcelona Spain Computational Biology Division and H3ABioNet Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences IDM University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa System and Data Engineering Team Abdelmalek Essaadi University ENSA Tangier Morocco Centre for Proteomic and Genomic Research (CPGR) Cape Town South Africa South African National Bioinformatics Institute University of the Western Cape Bellville South Africa Africa Health Research Institute Durban South Africa Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA Department of Agriculture and Food Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Mauritius Reduit Mauritius Department of Digital Technologies Faculty of Information Communication & Digital Technologies University of Mauritius Reduit Mauritius Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Institute of Human Virology Nigeria Abuja Nigeria Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Maryland School of Medicine University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore MD USA University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Maryland School of Medicine University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore MD USA Institute of Human Virology and Greeneba

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Characterization of temporarily-captured minimoon 2020 CD3 by Keck time-resolved spectrophotometry

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Bolin, Bryce T. Fremling, Christoffer Holt, Timothy R. Hankins, Matthew J. Ahumada, Tomás Anand, Shreya Bhalerao, Varun Burdge, Kevin B. Copperwheat, Chris M. Coughlin, Michael Deshmukh, Kunal P. De, Kishalay Kasliwal, Mansi M. Morbidelli, Alessandro Purdum, Josiah N. Quimby, Robert Bodewits, Dennis Chang, Chan-Kao Ip, Wing-Huen Hsu, Chen-Yen Laher, Russ R. Lin, Zhong-Yi Lisse, Carey M. Masci, Frank J. Ngeow, Chow-Choong Tan, Hanjie Zhai, Chengxing Burruss, Rick Dekany, Richard Delacroix, Alexandre Duev, Dmitry A. Graham, Matthew Hale, David Kulkarni, Shrinivas R. Kupfer, Thomas Mahabal, Ashish Mróz, Przemyslaw J. Neill, James D. Riddle, Reed Rodriguez, Hector Smith, Roger M. Soumagnac, Maayane T. Walters, Richard Yan, Lin Zolkower, Jeffry Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States IPAC Mail Code 100-22 Caltech 1200 E. California Blvd. PasadenaCA91125 United States University of Southern Queensland Computational Engineering and Science Research Centre QLD Australia Southwest Research Institute Department of Space Studies BoulderCO80302 United States Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai400076 India Astrophysics Research Institute Liverpool John Moores University 146 Brownlow Hill LiverpoolL3 5RF United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai400076 India Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange Boulevard de l’Observatoire CS 34229 Nice cedex 406304 France Department of Astronomy San Diego State University 5500 Campanile Dr San DiegoCA92182 United States University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study University of Tokyo KashiwaChiba277-8583 Japan Physics Department Leach Science Center Auburn University AuburnAL36832 United States Institute of Astronomy National Central University 32001 Taiwan Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD20723 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Caltech Optical Observatories California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Center for Data Driven Discovery California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA

We present rotationally-averaged visible spectrophotometry of minimoon 2020 CD3, the second asteroid known to become temporarily captured by the Earth-Moon system’s gravitational field. The spectrophotometry was taken with Keck I/LRIS between wavelengths 434 nm and 912 nm in B, g, V, R, I and RG850 filters as it was leaving the Earth-Moon system on 2020 March 23 UTC. The broad-band spectrophotometry of 2020 CD3 most closely resembles the spectra of V-type asteroids and some Lunar rock samples with a reddish slope of ∼18%/100 nm between 434 nm and 761 nm corresponding to colors of g-r = 0.62±0.08, r-i = 0.21 ± 0.06 and an absorption band at ∼900 nm corresponding to i-z = -0.54±0.10 (DeMeo et al. 2009;Isaacson et al. 2011). Combining our measured 31.9±0.1 absolute magnitude with an albedo of 0.35 typical for V-type asteroids (DeMeo & Carry 2013), we determine 2020 CD3’s size to be ∼1.0±0.1 m making it the first minimoon and one of the smallest asteroids to be spectrally characterized. We use our time-series photometry to detect periodic lightcurve variations with a −4 false alarm probability corresponding to a lightcurve period of ∼573 s and a lightcurve amplitude of ∼1 mag implying 2020 CD3 possesses a b/a axial ratio of ∼2.5. In addition, we extend the observational arc of 2020 CD3 to 37 days between 2020 February 15 UTC and 2020 March 23 UTC. From the improved orbital solution for 2020 CD3, we estimate its likely duration of its capture to be ∼2 y, and we measure the non-gravitation perturbation on its orbit due to radiation pressure with an area-to-mass ratio of 6.9±2.4×10−4 m2/kg implying a density of 2.1±0.7 g/cm3, broadly compatible with the densities of other meter-scale asteroids (e.g., Micheli et al. 2012;Mommert et al. 2014) and Lunar rock (∼2.4 g/cm3, Kiefer et al. 2012). We searched for pre-discovery observations of 2020 CD3 in the ZTF archive as far back as 2018 October (Masci et al. 2019), but were unable to locate any positive detections. Copyright © 2

关键词： Asteroids

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