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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Kymn, Christopher J. Mazelet, Sonia Thomas, Anthony Kleyko, Denis Frady, E. Paxon Sommer, Friedrich T. Olshausen, Bruno A. Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute UC Berkeley Berkeley United States Université Paris-Saclay ENS Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UC Davis Davis United States Centre for Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems Örebro University Örebro Sweden Intelligent Systems Lab Research Institutes of Sweden Kista Sweden Intel Labs Santa Clara United States Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science UC Berkeley Berkeley United States

We propose a normative model for spatial representation in the hippocampal formation that combines optimality principles, such as maximizing coding range and spatial information per neuron, with an algebraic framework for computing in distributed representation. Spatial position is encoded in a residue number system, with individual residues represented by high-dimensional, complex-valued vectors. These are composed into a single vector representing position by a similarity-preserving, conjunctive vector-binding operation. Self-consistency between the representations of the overall position and of the individual residues is enforced by a modular attractor network whose modules correspond to the grid cell modules in entorhinal cortex. The vector binding operation can also associate different contexts to spatial representations, yielding a model for entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. We show that the model achieves normative desiderata including superlinear scaling of patterns with dimension, robust error correction, and hexagonal, carry-free encoding of spatial position. These properties in turn enable robust path integration and association with sensory inputs. More generally, the model formalizes how compositional computations could occur in the hippocampal formation and leads to testable experimental predictions. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Amplifying the Music Listening Experience through Song Comments on Music Streaming Platforms

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chen, Longfei Liu, Qianyu Zhang, Chenyang Huang, Yangkun Peng, Zhenhui Zeng, Haipeng Sun, Zhida Ma, Xiaojuan Li, Quan The School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging China The Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Tandon School of Engineering New York University United States The School of Artificial Intelligence Sun Yat-Sen University China The School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University China The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Music streaming services are increasingly popular among younger generations who seek social experiences through personal expression and sharing of subjective feelings in comments. However, such emotional aspects are often ignored by current platforms, which affects the listeners' ability to find music that triggers specific personal feelings. To address this gap, this study proposes a novel approach that leverages deep learning methods to capture contextual keywords, sentiments, and induced mechanisms from song comments. The study augments a current music app with two features, including the presentation of tags that best represent song comments and a novel map metaphor that reorganizes song comments based on chronological order, content, and sentiment. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through a usage scenario and a user study that demonstrate its capability to improve the user experience of exploring songs and browsing comments of interest. This study contributes to the advancement of music streaming services by providing a more personalized and emotionally rich music experience for younger generations. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Music

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Benchmarking Multi-Object Grasping

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Tianze Frumento, Ricardo Pagnanelli, Giulia Cei, Gianmarco Keth, Villa Gafarov, Shahaddin Gong, Jian Ye, Zihe Baracca, Marco D’Avella, Salvatore Bianchi, Matteo Sun, Yu of Computer Science and Engineering Department University of South Florida TampaFL33620 United States Research Center"E. Piaggio" Department of Information Engineering University of Pisa Pisa Italy Rutgers University New BrunswickNJ08901 United States Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Mechanical Intelligence Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Pisa Italy

In this work, we describe a multi-object grasping benchmark to evaluate the grasping and manipulation capabilities of robotic systems in both pile and surface scenarios. The benchmark introduces three robot multi-object grasping benchmarking protocols designed to challenge different aspects of robotic manipulation. These protocols are: 1) the Only-Pick-Once protocol, which assesses the robot’s ability to efficiently pick multiple objects in a single attempt;2) the Accurate pick-trnsferring protocol, which evaluates the robot’s capacity to selectively grasp and transport a specific number of objects from a cluttered environment;and 3) the Pick-transferring-all protocol, which challenges the robot to clear an entire scene by sequentially grasping and transferring all available objects. These protocols are intended to be adopted by the broader robotics research community, providing a standardized method to assess and compare robotic systems’ performance in multi-object grasping tasks. We establish baselines for these protocols using standard planning and perception algorithms on a Barrett hand, Robotiq parallel jar gripper, and the Pisa/IIT Softhand-2, which is a soft underactuated robotic hand. We discuss the results in relation to human performance in similar tasks we well. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Robot programming

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Who is Responsible? Data, Models, or Regulations, A Comprehensive Survey on Responsible Generative AI for a Sustainable Future.

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Raza, Shaina Qureshi, Rizwan Zahid, Anam Fioresi, Joseph Sadak, Ferhat Saeed, Muhammaed Sapkota, Ranjan Jain, Aditya Zafar, Anas Hassan, Muneeb Ul Zafar, Aizan Maqbool, Hasan Vayani, Ashmal Wu, Jia Shoman, Maged Toronto Metropolitan University Vector Institute TorontoON Canada Center for Research in Computer Vision The University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Department of Computer Science Information Technology University of the Punjab Punjab Lahore Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Bartin University Bartin Bartin Turkey Saarland University Saarbrücken Saarland Germany Biological and Environmental Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY United States University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Fast School of Computing National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Sindh Karachi Pakistan School of Information Technology Deakin University BurwoodNSW Australia Center for Research in Computer Vision University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Independent Researcher OrlandoFL United States MD Anderson Cancer Center The University of Texas HoustonTX United States University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States

Responsible Artificial Intelligence (RAI) has emerged as a crucial framework for addressing ethical concerns in the development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. A significant body of literature exists, primarily focusing on either RAI guidelines and principles or the technical aspects of RAI, largely within the realm of traditional AI. However, a notable gap persists in bridging theoretical frameworks with practical implementations in real-world settings, as well as transitioning from RAI to Responsible Generative AI (Gen AI). To bridge this gap, we present this article, which examines the challenges and opportunities in implementing ethical, transparent, and accountable AI systems in the post-ChatGPT era, an era significantly shaped by Gen AI. Our analysis includes governance and technical frameworks, the exploration of explainable AI as the backbone to achieve RAI, key performance indicators in RAI, alignment of Gen AI benchmarks with governance frameworks, reviews of AI-ready test beds, and RAI applications across multiple sectors. Additionally, we discuss challenges in RAI implementation and provide a philosophical perspective on the future of RAI. This comprehensive article aims to offer an overview of RAI, providing valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, users, and industry practitioners to develop and deploy AI systems that benefit individuals and society while minimizing potential risks and societal impacts. A curated list of resources and datasets covered in this survey is available on GitHub © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Accident prevention

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Automated Data Adaptation for the Segmentation of Blood Vessels 1

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Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2022

作者： Haghofer, Andreas Ebner, Thomas Kainz, Philipp Weißensteiner, Michael Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy, Nassim Hatab, Isra Scharinger, Josef Winkler, Stephan Bioinformatics Reasearch Group University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria Softwarepark 11-13 Hagenberg Austria KML Vision GmbH Nikolaiplatz 4/2 Graz Austria Otto Loewi Research Center Immunology and Pathophysiology Medical University of Graz Heinrichstraße 31 Graz Austria Department of Computer Science Johannes Kepler University Altenberger Straße 69 Linz Austria Institute of Computational Perception Johannes Kepler University Altenberger Straße 69 Linz Austria

ISBN: (数字)9783031388545

ISBN: (纸本)9783031388538

In the field of image analysis used for diagnostic processes, domain shifts constitute a significant obstacle. Domain shifts lead to an incompatibility of an otherwise well-performing AI model for image segmentation. Accordingly, if two different machines image the same tissue, the model may provide better results for one of the two images depending on the similarity of the image data compared to the training data for generating the AI model. In this paper, we analyzed how the input images of a neural network have to be adapted to provide better segmentation results for images which are previously not compatible with the used model. Therefore, we developed two approaches to increase a model’s segmentation quality for a dataset with initially poor results. The first approach is based on heuristic optimization and creates a set of image processing algorithms for the data adaptation. Our algorithm selects the best combination of algorithms and generates the most suitable parameters for them regarding the resulting segmentation quality. The second approach uses an additional neural network for learning the incompatible dataset’s recoloring based on the resulting segmentation quality. Both methods increase the segmentation quality significantly without the need for changes to the segmentation model itself. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Machine learning

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Partially calibrated semi-generalized pose from hybrid point correspondences

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bhayani, Snehal Larsson, Viktor Sattler, Torsten Heikkilä, Janne Kukelova, Zuzana Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis University of Oulu Finland Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University Prague Czech Republic Computer Vision and Geometry Group Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich Switzerland Visual Recognition Group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Czech Republic

In this paper we study the problem of estimating the semi-generalized pose of a partially calibrated camera, i.e., the pose of a perspective camera with unknown focal length w.r.t. a generalized camera, from a hybrid set of 2D-2D and 2D-3D point correspondences. We study all possible camera configurations within the generalized camera system. To derive practical solvers to previously unsolved challenging configurations, we test different parameterizations as well as different solving strategies based on state-of-the-art methods for generating efficient polynomial solvers. We evaluate the three most promising solvers, i.e., the H51f solver with five 2D-2D correspondences and one 2D-3D correspondence viewed by the same camera inside generalized camera, the H32f solver with three 2D-2D and two 2D-3D correspondences, and the H13f solver with one 2D-2D and three 2D-3D correspondences, on synthetic and real data. We show that in the presence of noise in the 3D points these solvers provide better estimates than the corresponding absolute pose solvers. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Brain Region Knowledge Based Dual-Stream Transformer for EEG Emotion Recognition

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Lin, Yichuan Xu, Geng-Xin Liang, Haotian Wang, Yishan Wan, Feng Li, Ye Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Research Center for Biomedical Information Technology Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Faculty of Science and Technology The Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences The Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Institute of Collaborative Innovation University of Macau China

In consumer electronics, affective computing allows devices to recognize and respond to the emotional states of individuals, thereby enhancing personalization and satisfaction. Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based emotion recognition methods have garnered attention for their capability to provide real-time, objective insights into emotional and cognitive states. Existing research mainly focuses on extracting temporal and spectral features from EEG signals for emotion recognition. However, electrode shifts may occur across different experiments during data acquisition, resulting in models with limited robustness and constrained classification performance. To address this challenge, this paper introduces a Brain Region Knowledge based Dual-Stream network (BRKDSnet) for emotion recognition. It employs a dual-stream architecture to effectively fuse the temporal, spectral, and spatial features of EEG signals. By incorporating prior brain region partition knowledge, it efficiently aggregates channel features into distinct brain region features. Such a brain region based partition mitigates noise issues caused by electrode shifts during user wearing in consumer electronic applications, and leading to learn more robust feature representations. The experiments conducted on the widely used emotion recognition datasets SEED and SEED-IV shows that BRKDSnet achieves state-of-the-art results, with accuracies of 97.81% (improved by 0.64%-3.57% compared to existing works) and 90.76% (improved by 3.13%-11.39%) respectively. Finally, through analysis of the visualization results, it is found that EEG channels located in the temporal lobe contributed the most to emotion recognition classification, which also provides the potential for future applications in wearable devices. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Novel ground reaction force-based parameters for monitoring rehabilitation in tibial fractures

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Gait & Posture 2024年 113卷 256-257页

作者： Christian Wolff Elke Warmerdam Tim Dahmen Tim Pohlemann Philipp Slusallek Bergita Ganse German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Agents and Simulated Reality Saarbrücken Germany Saarland University Saarbrücken Graduate School of Computer Science Saarbrücken Germany Saarland University Werner Siemens-Endowed Chair for Innovative Implant Development Fracture Healing- Departments and Institutes of Surgery Homburg Germany Hochschule Aalen Chair for Computer Vision and Machine Learning Aalen Germany Saarland University Department of Trauma- Hand and Reconstructive Surgery- Departments and Institutes of Surgery Homburg Germany

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Transfer Route Recommendation for Metro Systems Based on Multi-source Data Fusion

Transfer Route Recommendation for Metro Systems Based on Mul...

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IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Tailan Yuan Wen Xiong Lijun Yun School of Information Science and Technology Yunnan Normal University Kunming China Department of Education of Yunnan Province Engineering Research Center of Computer Vision and Intelligent Control Technology Kunming China

As the network-structure complexity and the passenger volume continuously grow, how to accurately perform passenger flow guidance is a crucial issue for metro operators. Transfer route recommendation is a core approach for passenger flow guidance. Existing works are limited in obtaining route attributes (such as transfer walking time and waiting time, etc.). Furthermore, most of existing methods may not work well in the scenario of sudden passenger flow, because of their limited capability to accurately measure the real-time crowding. To address these issues, a data fusion based transfer route recommendation method (DFTRR) is proposed. Specifically, we first propose a spatio-temporal diversity-based method (STD) to measure the trajectory similarity. Based on that, we fuse two kinds of heterogeneous data, i.e., swiping records of smart cards and Wi-Fi signal records of mobile devices to extract a passenger's complete trip. And then we present the historical median travel time to alleviate the computation issue of route attributes. Meanwhile the mean crowding level is introduced to accurately measure the real-time crowding of routes. Finally, a generalized travel cost based on median travel time, number of transfers and mean crowding level is constructed for transfer route recommendation. The experimental results illustrate that the accuracy of STD algorithm is higher than the baseline 34.92% at maximum; DFTRR can offer the optimal transfer route according to passengers' preferences under sudden passenger flow.

关键词： Smart cards Solid modeling Costs Fuses Data integration Real-time systems Mobile handsets

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Federated Learning While Providing Model as a Service: Joint Training and Inference Optimization

Federated Learning While Providing Model as a Service: Joint...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： Pengchao Han Shiqiang Wang Yang Jiao Jianwei Huang School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China IBM T. J. Watson Research Center NY USA Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350383508

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383515

While providing machine learning model as a service to process users’ inference requests, online applications can periodically upgrade the model utilizing newly collected data. Federated learning (FL) is beneficial for enabling the training of models across distributed clients while keeping the data locally. However, existing work has overlooked the coexistence of model training and inference under clients’ limited resources. This paper focuses on the joint optimization of model training and inference to maximize inference performance at clients. Such an optimization faces several challenges. The first challenge is to characterize the clients’ inference performance when clients may partially participate in FL. To resolve this challenge, we introduce a new notion of age of model (AoM) to quantify client-side model freshness, based on which we use FL’s global model convergence error as an approximate measure of inference performance. The second challenge is the tight coupling among clients’ decisions, including participation probability in FL, model download probability, and service rates. Toward the challenges, we propose an online problem approximation to reduce the problem complexity and optimize the resources to balance the needs of model training and inference. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm improves the average inference accuracy by up to 12%.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Accuracy Federated learning Computational modeling Approximation algorithms Data models

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