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A Methodology for Integrating Population Health Surveys Using Spatial Statistics and visualizations for Cross-Sectional Analysis

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SN Computer Science 2023年第3期4卷 224页

作者： Ravindra, Harshitha Sreevalsan-Nair, Jaya Graphics-Visualization-Computing Lab E-Health Research Center IIIT Bangalore 26/C Electronics City Hosur Road Karnataka Bangalore 560100 India

Large-scale population surveys are beneficial in gathering information on the performance indicators of public well-being, including health and socio-economic standing. However, conducting national population surveys for low and middle-income countries (LMIC) with high population density comes at a high economic cost. To conduct surveys at low-cost and efficiently, multiple surveys with different, but focused, goals are implemented through various organizations in a decentralized manner. Some of the surveys tend to overlap in outcomes with spatial, temporal or both scopes. Mining data jointly from surveys with significant overlap gives new insights while preserving their autonomy. We propose a three-step workflow for integrating surveys using spatial analytic workflow supported by visualizations. We implement the workflow on a case study using two recent population health surveys in India to study malnutrition in children under-five. Our case study focuses on finding hotspots and coldspots for malnutrition, specifically undernutrition, by integrating the outcomes of both surveys. Malnutrition in children under-five is a pertinent global public health problem that is widely prevalent in India. Our work shows that such an integrated analysis is beneficial alongside independent analyses of such existing national surveys to find new insights into national health indicators. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Anemia Hellinger distance Large-scale surveys Micronutrient deficiency Multi-source data fusion Spatial analysis Spatial autocorrelation Stunting Underweight visualization Wasting

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Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Linear Wave Equations Involving Derivatives of the Dirac Delta Distribution 13th

Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Linear Wave Equations Invo...

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13th International Conference on Spectral and High Order Methods, ICOSAHOM 2021

作者： Field, Scott E. Gottlieb, Sigal Khanna, Gaurav McClain, Ed Department of Mathematics Center for Scientific Computing & Visualization Research University of Massachusetts DartmouthMA United States Department of Physics University of Rhode Island KingstonRI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031204319

Linear wave equations sourced by a dirac delta distribution δ(x) and its derivative(s) can serve as a model for many different phenomena. We describe a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method to numerically solve such equations with source terms proportional to ∂nδ∕∂xn. Despite the presence of singular source terms, which imply discontinuous or potentially singular solutions, our DG method achieves global spectral accuracy even at the source’s location. Our DG method is developed for the wave equation written in fully first-order form. The first-order reduction is carried out using a distributional auxiliary variable that removes some of the source term’s singular behavior. While this is helpful numerically, it gives rise to a distributional constraint. We show that a time-independent spurious solution can develop if the initial constraint violation is proportional to δ(x). Numerical experiments verify this behavior and our scheme’s convergence properties by comparing against exact solutions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Wave equations

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Evaluating Foveated Frame Rate Reduction in Virtual Reality for Head-Mounted Displays 25

Evaluating Foveated Frame Rate Reduction in Virtual Reality ...

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Proceedings of the 2025 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

作者： Christopher Flöter Sergej Geringer Guido Reina Daniel Weiskopf Timo Ropinski Visual Computing Group Ulm University Ulm Germany Visualization Research Center University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

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Combining Active and Passive Simulations for Secondary Motion

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： O’Brien, James F. Zordan, Victor B. Hodgins, Jessica K. College of Computing and Graphics Visualization and Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0280 United States

Varied, realistic motion in a complex environment can bring an animated scene to life. While much of the required motion comes from the characters, an important contribution also comes from the passive motion of other objects in the scene. We use the term secondary motion to refer to passive motions that are generated in response to environmental forces or the movements of characters and other objects. For example, the movement of clothing and hair adds visual complexity to an animated scene of a jogging figure. In this paper, we describe how secondary motion can be generated by coupling physically based simulations of passive systems to active simulations of the main characters. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Luminance

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A Review of Three-Dimensional Medical Image visualization

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Health Data Science 2022年第1期2022卷 83-101页

作者： Liang Zhou Mengjie Fan Charles Hansen Chris R.Johnson Daniel Weiskopf National Institute of Health Data Science Peking UniversityBeijingChina Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute University of UtahSalt Lake CityUSA Visualization Research Center(VISUS) University of StuttgartStuttgartGermany

Importance. Medical images are essential for modern medicine and an important research subject in visualization. However,medical experts are often not aware of the many advanced three-dimensional (3D) medical image visualization techniques thatcould increase their capabilities in data analysis and assist the decision-making process for specific medical problems. Ourpaper provides a review of 3D visualization techniques for medical images, intending to bridge the gap between medicalexperts and visualization researchers. Highlights. Fundamental visualization techniques are revisited for various medicalimaging modalities, from computational tomography to diffusion tensor imaging, featuring techniques that enhance spatialperception, which is critical for medical practices. The state-of-the-art of medical visualization is reviewed based on aprocedure-oriented classification of medical problems for studies of individuals and populations. This paper summarizes freesoftware tools for different modalities of medical images designed for various purposes, including visualization, analysis, andsegmentation, and it provides respective Internet links. Conclusions. visualization techniques are a useful tool for medicalexperts to tackle specific medical problems in their daily work. Our review provides a quick reference to such techniques giventhe medical problem and modalities of associated medical images. We summarize fundamental techniques and readily availablevisualization tools to help medical experts to better understand and utilize medical imaging data. This paper could contributeto the joint effort of the medical and visualization communities to advance precision medicine.

关键词： Image utilize Medical

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Do Geometric Models Affect Judgments of Human Motion?

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hodgins, Jessica K. O’Brien, James F. Tumblin, Jack College of Computing and Graphics Visualization Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0280 United States

Human figures have been animated using a wide variety of geometric models including stick figures, polygonal models, and NURBS-based models with muscles, flexible skin, or clothing. This paper reports on experiments designed to ascertain whether a viewer’s perception of motion characteristics is affected by the geometric model used for rendering. Subjects were shown a series of paired motion sequences and asked if the two motions in each pair were "the same" or "different." The two motion sequences in each pair used the same geometric model. For each trial, the pairs of motion sequences were grouped into two sets where one set was rendered with a stick figure model and the other set was rendered with a polygonal model. Sensitivity measures for each trial indicate that for these sequences subjects were better able to discriminate motion variations with the polygonal model than with the stick figure model. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Animating Sand, Mud, and Snow

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Sumner, Robert W. O’Brien, James F. Hodgins, Jessica K. College of Computing and Graphics Visualization Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology 801 Atlantic Drive AtlantaGA30332-0280 United States

Computer animations often lack the subtle environmental changes that should occur due to the actions of the characters. Squealing car tires usually leave no skid marks, airplanes rarely leave jet trails in the sky, and most runners leave no footprints. In this paper, we describe a simulation model of ground surfaces that can be deformed by the impact of rigid body models of animated characters. To demonstrate the algorithms, we show footprints made by a runner in sand, mud, and snow as well as bicycle tire tracks, a bicycle crash, and a falling runner. The shapes of the footprints in the three surfaces are quite different, but the effects were controlled through only five essentially independent parameters. To assess the realism of the resulting motion, we compare the simulated footprints to video footage of human footprints in sand. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Animation

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Automatic Joint Parameter Estimation from Magnetic Motion Capture Data

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： O’Brien, James F. Bodenheimer, Robert E. Brostow, Gabriel J. Hodgins, Jessica K. College of Computing and Graphics Visualization and Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology 801 Atlantic Drive AtlantaGA30332-0280 United States

This paper describes a technique for using magnetic motion capture data to determine the joint parameters of an articulated hierarchy. This technique makes it possible to determine limb lengths, joint locations, and sensor placement for a human subject without external measurements. Instead, the joint parameters are inferred with high accuracy from the motion data acquired during the capture session. The parameters are computed by performing a linear least squares fit of a rotary joint model to the input data. A hierarchical structure for the articulated model can also be determined in situations where the topology of the model is not known. Once the system topology and joint parameters have been recovered, the resulting model can be used to perform forward and inverse kinematic procedures. We present the results of using the algorithm on human motion capture data, as well as validation results obtained with data from a simulation and a wooden linkage of known dimensions. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Parameter estimation

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Variations on a Hexagon: Iterative Design of Interactive Cyberphysical Tokens and Constraints 24

Variations on a Hexagon: Iterative Design of Interactive Cyb...

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18th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, TEI 2024

作者： Ullmer, Brygg Dai, Sida De Siqueira, Alexandre Gomes McLendon, Millon Filipiak, Breanna Shafiee, Laila Newman, Winifred Elysse Konkel, Miriam K. Tangible Visualization Group Clemson University United States Virtual Environments Research Group University of Florida United States Computer Science Division School of Computing Clemson University United States Institute for Intelligent Materials Systems and Environments Clemson University United States Dept. of Genetics and Biochemistry Center for Human Genetics Clemson University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400704024

We describe iterations on the design of a hexagonal token and constraint tangible and cyberphysical interface. Our system has been co-designed both for use in tangible, embedded, embodied interaction and extended reality classroom contexts, and within broader applied generalizations. We survey some of the related literature in hexagonal, rectangular, and triangular tangible interfaces. We express a design space characterizing several aspects of these prior systems;and apply these to a number of additional virtual and physical iterations. We accompany our text with 3D printable, circuit board, and virtual models for a number of these interactors, usable in both tangible and purely virtual forms, including versions engaging four different embedded computing platforms (Raspberry Pi Zero, Raspberry Pi Pico, Adafruit Circuit Playground, and Blinks). We discuss experiences from use of these in classroom settings, and steps toward broader applications. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： 3D printing

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APT Adversarial Defence Mechanism for Industrial IoT Enabled Cyber-Physical System

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IEEE Access 2023年 11卷 74000-74020页

作者： Javed, Safdar Hussain Ahmad, Maaz Bin Asif, Muhammad Akram, Waseem Mahmood, Khalid Das, Ashok Kumar Shetty, Sachin College of Computing and Information Sciences Karachi75190 Pakistan Lahore Garrison University Department of Computer Science Lahore54810 Pakistan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan International Institute of Information Technology at Hyderabad Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500032 India Old Dominion University Simulation and Visualization Engineering Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Department of Modeling SuffolkVA23435 United States Old Dominion University Center for Cybersecurity Education and Research SuffolkVA23435 United States

The objective of Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks is to exploit Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) in combination with the Industrial Internet of Things (I-IoT) by using fast attack methods. Machine learning (ML) techniques have shown potential in identifying APT attacks in autonomous and malware detection systems. However, detecting hidden APT attacks in the I-IoT-enabled CPS domain and achieving real-time accuracy in detection present significant challenges for these techniques. To overcome these issues, a new approach is suggested that is based on the Graph Attention Network (GAN), a multi-dimensional algorithm that captures behavioral features along with the relevant information that other methods do not deliver. This approach utilizes masked self-attentional layers to address the limitations of prior Deep Learning (DL) methods that rely on convolutions. Two datasets, the DAPT2020 malware, and Edge I-IoT datasets are used to evaluate the approach, and it attains the highest detection accuracy of 96.97% and 95.97%, with prediction time of 20.56 seconds and 21.65 seconds, respectively. The GAN approach is compared to conventional ML algorithms, and simulation results demonstrate a significant performance improvement over these algorithms in the I-IoT-enabled CPS realm. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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