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Future research directions in human-computer interaction

ACM computing Surveys 1996年第4ES期28卷

作者： John Stasko Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA

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TOWARDS AN INTELLIGENT PUBLISHING ENVIRONMENT

COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS

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COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS 1995年第6期27卷 729-737页

作者： PITKOW, JE JONES, RK Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0280 USA

This paper presents an environment for publishing information on the World-Wide Web (WWW). Previous work has pointed out that the explosive growth of the WWW is in part due to the ease with which information can be made available to Web users [23]. Yet this property can have negative impacts on the ability to find appropriate information as well as on the integrity of the information published. We present a prototype environment that facilitates the publishing of documents on the Web by automatically generating meta-information about the document, communicating this to a local scalable architecture, e.g. WHOIS + +, verifying the document's HTML compliance, maintaining referential integrity within the local database, and placing the document in a Web accessible area. Additionally, maintenance and versioning facilities are provided. This paper first discusses an idealized publishing environment, then describes our implementation, followed by a discussion of salient issues and future research areas.

关键词： INTERNET TOOLS ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING HYPERLINK DATABASES

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VISUALIZING THE WORLD-WIDE-WEB WITH THE NAVIGATIONAL-VIEW-BUILDER

COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS

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COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS 1995年第6期27卷 1075-1087页

作者： MUKHERJEA, S FOLEY, JD Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0280 USA

Overview diagrams are one of the best tools for orientation and navigation in hypermedia systems. However, constructing effective overview diagrams is a challenging task. This paper describes the Navigational View Builder, a tool which allows the user to interactively create useful visualizations of the information space. It uses four strategies to form effective views. These are binding, clustering, filtering and hierarchization. These strategies use a combination of structural and content analysis of the underlying space for forming the visualizations. This paper discusses these strategies and shows how they can be applied for forming visualizations for the World-Wide Web.

关键词： INFORMATION visualization OVERVIEW DIAGRAMS BINDING CLUSTERING FILTERING HIERARCHIZATION

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USING THE WEB AS A SURVEY TOOL - RESULTS FROM THE 2ND WWW USER SURVEY

COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS

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COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS 1995年第6期27卷 809-822页

作者： PITKOW, JE RECKER, MM Graphics Visualization & Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0280 USA College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0280 USA

This paper presents the initial results from the second World-Wide Web User Survey, which was advertised and made available to the Web user population for 38 days during October and November 1994. The survey is built on our architecture and Web technologies, which together offer a number of technical and surveying advantages. In particular, our architecture supports the use of adaptive questions, and supports methods for tracking users' responses across different surveys, allowing more in-depth analyses of survey responses. The present survey was composed of three question categories: general demographic questions, browsing usage, and questions for Web information authors. In addition, we added an additional, experimental category addressing users' attitudes toward commercial use of the Web and the Internet. In just over one month, we received over 18 000 total responses to the combined surveys. To the best of our knowledge, the number of respondents and range of questions make this survey the most reliable and comprehensive characterization of WWW users to date. It will be interesting to see if and how the user trends shown in our results change as the Web gains in global access and popularity.

关键词： NEW APPLICATIONS SURVEYS DEMOGRAPHICS TOOLS

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Using Graphic History in Browsing the World Wide Web 4

Using Graphic History in Browsing the World Wide Web

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4th International World Wide Web Conference: The Web Revolution, WWW 1995

作者： Ayers, Eric Z. Stasko, John T. Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1565921690

Users ofhypertext systems oftenfind themselves eagerlyfollowing hypertext links deeper and deeper into a hypertext weh, only to find themselves "lost" and unable find their way back to previously visited pages. As navigation aids to help users orient themselves in the Weh, browsers often provide a list ofthe documents a user has visited, a way to moveforward and backward along previously traversed links, and a quick way to return to a home document. Still, users often have trouble revisiting a page that was previously viewed in a session, especially after many invocations ofthe backtracking shortcuts. MosaicG is derivative work ofNCSA Mosaic version 2.5 which enhances the history-keepingfacility of the browser by providing a two-dimensional view of the documents a user has visited in a session. It is intended as an easy-to-use aid in navigating a collection ofhypertext documents. By presenting titles, URLs, and thumbnail images ofthe documents a user has visited in a session, the Graphic History View allows a user to easily recognize a previously visited document andprovides an easy wayfor the user to revisit that document and analyze the structure ofa set ofhypertext documents. © World Wide Web Conference: The Web Revolution, WWW 1995 - Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： World Wide Web

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Using Graphic History in Browsing the World Wide Web 4

Using Graphic History in Browsing the World Wide Web

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Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on World Wide Web

作者： Eric Z. Ayers John T. Stasko Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA

ISBN: (纸本)9781565921696

Users of hypertext systems often find themselves eagerly following hypertext links deeper and deeper into a hypertext web, only to find themselves "lost" and unable find their way back to previously visited pages. As navigation aids to help users orient themselves in the Web, browsers often provide a list of the documents a user has visited, a way to move forward and backward along previously traversed links, and a quick way to return to a home document. Still, users often have trouble revisiting a page that was previously viewed in a session, especially after many invocations of the backtracking *** is derivative work of NCSA Mosaic version 2.5 which enhances the history-keeping facility of the browser by providing a two-dimensional view of the documents a user has visited in a session. It is intended as an easy-to-use aid in navigating a collection of hypertext documents. By presenting titles, URLs, and thumbnail images of the documents a user has visited in a session, the Graphic History View allows a user to easily recognize a previously visited document and provides an easy way for the user to revisit that document and analyze the structure of a set of hypertext documents.

关键词： WWW

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Using texture maps to correct for optical distortion in head-mounted displays

Using texture maps to correct for optical distortion in head...

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IEEE Annual International Symposium Virtual Reality

作者： B.A. Watson L.F. Hodges Graphics Visualization & Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

This paper describes a fast method of correcting for optical distortion in head-mounted displays (HMDs). Since the distorted display surface in an HMD is not rectilinear, the shape and location of the graphics window used with the display must be chosen carefully, and some corrections made to the predistortion model. A distortion correction might be performed with optics that reverse the distortion caused by HMD lenses, but such optics can be expensive and offer a correction for only one specific HMD. Integer incremental methods or a lookup table might be used to calculate the correction, but an I/O bottleneck makes this impractical in software. Instead, a texture map may be defined that approximates the required optical correction. Recent equipment advances allow undistorted images to be input into texture mapping hardware at interactive rates. Built in filtering handles predistortion aliasing artifacts.

关键词： Optical distortion Optical filters Displays Predistortion Shape Graphics Lenses Table lookup Hardware Filtering

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The Krakatoa Chronicle An Interactive Personalized Newspaper on the Web 4

The Krakatoa Chronicle An Interactive Personalized Newspaper...

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4th International World Wide Web Conference: The Web Revolution, WWW 1995

作者： Kamba, Tomonari Bharat, Krishna Albers, Michael C. Graphics Visualization & Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0280 United States School of Industrial & Systems Engineering Center for Human-Machine Systems Research Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0205 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1565921690

This paper describes The Krakatoa Chronicle, a highly interactive, personalized newspaper on the World Wide Web (WWW). It is intendedforJava-saviy WWW browsers such as Hotjava, and is architecturally quite differentfrom conventional Web-based newspapers. Its high interactivity and powerful personalization are the result ofsending an interactive agent along with the text of the newspaper to operate within the user's Web-browser. The agent keeps a network connection open to the WWW server site tofetch resources dynamically, andfor updating the user’s personalprofile as it gamers relevance feedback. ventional ing, and the newspapers Users ability are provided to cannot, "peek." a These but variety also operations of transparently article not browsing only provide enhance options information such the reading as scrolling, to our experience agent maximizing, about in ways the user resiz con ’slocus ofinterest. Ours is thefirst Web newspapier to attempt a realistic rendering ofa newspaper, with a multicolumn format and embedded custom widgets for easy browsing. We provide dynamic layout control mechanisms that let the user specify how personal and community interests should be interpreted by the agent in designing the layout. © World Wide Web Conference: The Web Revolution, WWW 1995 - Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Newsprint

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Migratory applications 95

Migratory applications

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Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM symposium on User interface and software technology

作者： Krishna A. Bharat Luca Cardelli Graphics Visualization & Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Tech. Atlanta GA Digital Systems Research Center 130 Lytton Avenue Palo Alto CA

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Integrating visualization support into distributed computing systems

Integrating visualization support into distributed computing...

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International Conference on Distributed computing Systems

作者： B. Topol J.T. Stasko V. Sunderam Graphics Visualization and Usability Center College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Department of Math and computer Science Emory University Atlanta GA USA

visualization and animation tools may become extremely important aids in the understanding, verification, and performance tuning of parallel computations. Presently, however, the use of visualization has had only a limited use for enhancing parallel computation. We hypothesize that one of the primary reasons for the limited use of visualization tools in parallel program development is the difficulty of acquiring the information necessary to drive the visual display. Our approach to this impediment focuses on integrating visualization support directly into a distributed computing system. Central to this integration is the addition of a logical clock that prevents the timestamps of events from violating causality. The implementation requires the "piggybacking" of a negligible amount of extra header information on system messages and the impact on performance is minimal. This results in a system that produces useful visualizations with no extra effort required by the applications programmer. Also integrated into the distributed system is support which simplifies the creation of programmer-defined, application-specific visualizations, unique to each new parallel program developed.

关键词： visualization Distributed computing Concurrent computing Animation Drives Displays Impedance Clocks Programming profession

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