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2023 Active Photonic Platforms, APP 2023

作者： Veronis, Georgios Huang, Yin Shen, Yuecheng School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States Department of Optoelectrics Information Science and Engineering School of Physics and Electronics Central South University Hunan Changsha410012 China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong Guangzhou510275 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510665088

We introduce non-Hermitian plasmonic waveguide-cavity structures based on the Aubry-Andre-Harper model to realize switching between right and left topological edge states using the phase-change material germanium-antimony-tellurium (GST). The structure unit cells consist of a metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide side-coupled to MDM stub resonators with modulated distances between adjacent stubs. In such structures the modulated distances introduce an effective gauge magnetic field. We show that switching between the crystalline and amorphous phases of GST leads to a shift of the dispersion relation of the optimized structure so that a right topological edge state for the crystalline phase, and a left topological edge state for the amorphous phase occur at the same frequency. Thus, we realize switching between right and left topological edge states at that frequency by switching between the crystalline and amorphous phases of GST. Our results could be potentially important for developing compact reconfigurable topological photonic devices. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Gages

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Dual-beam photothermal material trace detection method based on self-mixing interference

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Applied Optics 2025年第16期64卷 4549-4558页

作者： Yan Zhao Yunlong Zhi Hui Zhao Daming Dong Jigang Tong Chunling Tu School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Systems Tianjin 300384 China National Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing 100097 China Department of Computer Systems Engineering Faculty of ICT Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria 0188 South Africa

In this paper, a dual-beam photothermal self-mixing substance trace detection system is proposed. The crystal violet (CV) solution of the sample undergoes a thermal lens effect under the action of pump photoperiod excitation, and the refractive index changes cause the deviation of the probe beam, and the self-mixing interference (SMI) effect occurs when the modulated light returns to the cavity. By combining theoretical and experimental results, the power fluctuation of the SMI signal caused by the thermo-optic effect is linearly related to CV concentration and other parameters. At an excitation power of 24 mW, the detection limit can reach $8.0 \times {10^{- 8}}\;{\rm mol/L}$ . This method does not require labeling or complex CV pretreatment and has high sensitivity and flexibility, providing a guide for CV characterization in biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical research.

关键词： Gaussian beams Laser beams Optical fields Phase shift Refractive index Spatial resolution

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Discrete-Time Distributed Optimization for Linear Uncertain Multi-Agent Systems

Discrete-Time Distributed Optimization for Linear Uncertain ...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Tong Liu Michelangelo Bin Ivano Notarnicola Thomas Parisini Zhong-Ping Jiang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Control and Networks Lab Tandon School of Engineering New York University Brooklyn NY USA Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering University of Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste Italy KIOS Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus

The distributed optimization algorithm proposed by J. Wang and N. Elia in 2010 has been shown to achieve linear convergence for multi-agent systems with single-integrator dynamics. This paper extends their result, including the linear convergence rate, to a more complex scenario where the agents have heterogeneous multi-input multi-output linear dynamics and are subject to external disturbances and parametric uncertainties. Disturbances are dealt with via an internal-model-based control design, and the interaction among the tracking error dynamics, average dynamics, and dispersion dynamics is analyzed through a composite Lyapunov function and the cyclic small-gain theorem. The key is to ensure a small enough stepsize for the convergence of the proposed algorithm, which is similar to the condition for time-scale separation in singular perturbation theory.

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High-Value Target Escort and Defense Scenario with Differential Subgame Cost

High-Value Target Escort and Defense Scenario with Different...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Rachael L. Judy Zachariah E. Fuchs David W. Casbeer Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH Control Science Center of Excellence Air Force Research Laboratory 2210 8th St. WPAFB OH

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

An Escort and Defense Scenario is presented in which a high-value Target maneuvers through a high-risk region while being escorted by a mobile, defensive agent. Along this trajectory, an Attacker may be launched from one of several possible launch locations. If a launch occurs, the three agents play out a Target-Attacker-Defender (TAD) differential game in which the Defender attempts to intercept the Attacker at maximal distance from the Target while the Attacker strives to maneuver as close as possible to the Target. Prior to launch, the Target and Defender strive to preposition themselves in advantageous positions to effectively respond to a potential threat while simultaneously moving towards a safety region. An augmented collocation-based direct optimal control method is developed to solve the escort problem by solving and utilizing the value of the TAD differential subgame at each collocation point while simultaneously optimizing the primary optimal control problem.

关键词： Costs Optimal control Differential games Safety Trajectory

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Adaptive UAV-Assisted Hierarchical Federated Learning: Optimizing Energy, Latency, and Resilience for Dynamic Smart IoT Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Xiaohong Liwang, Minghui Fu, Liqun Su, Yuhan Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali Wang, Xianbin Hong, Yiguang School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian China Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Electrical Engineering University at Buffalo-SUNY BuffaloNY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada

Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) introduces intermediate aggregation layers, addressing the limitations of conventional Federated Learning (FL) in geographically dispersed environments with limited communication infrastructure. An application of HFL is in smart IoT systems, such as remote monitoring, disaster response, and battlefield operations, where cellular connectivity is often unreliable or unavailable. In these scenarios, UAVs serve as mobile aggregators, providing connectivity to the terrestrial IoT devices. This paper studies an HFL architecture for energy-constrained UAVs in smart IoT systems, pioneering a solution to minimize global training cost increased caused by UAV disconnection. In light of this, we formulate a joint optimization problem involving learning configuration, bandwidth allocation, and device-to-UAV association, and perform global aggregation in time before UAV drops disconnect and redeployment of UAVs. The problem explicitly accounts for the dynamic nature of IoT devices and their interruptible communications and is unveiled to be NP-hard. To address this, we decompose it into three subproblems. First, we optimize the learning configuration and bandwidth allocation using an augmented Lagrangian function to reduce training costs. Second, we propose a device fitness score, integrating data heterogeneity (via Kullback-Leibler divergence), device-to-UAV distances, and IoT device resources, and develop a twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3)-based algorithm for dynamic device-to-UAV assignment. Third, We introduce a low-complexity two-stage greedy strategy for finding the location of UAVs redeployment and selecting the appropriate global aggregator UAV. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate significant cost reductions and robust performance under communication interruptions. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Federated learning

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Mining Erasable Patterns Using the Bitmap Method in Quantitative Component Databases 17th

Mining Erasable Patterns Using the Bitmap Method in Quantita...

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17th Asian Conference on Intelligent Information and Database Systems, ACIIDS 2025

作者： Hong, Tzung-Pei Chen, Da Huang, Wei-Ming Tsai, Yu-Chuan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National University of Kaohsiung Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Electrical and Control China Steel Corporation Kaohsiung City Taiwan Library and Information Center National University of Kaohsiung Kaohsiung City Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819660070

Mining erasable patterns from a database are for applying resources to maximize production with limited funds. Since the concept of erasable pattern mining was proposed, a manager can use it to optimize the production plan effectively. However, real applications have critical factors, such as costs or quantities of material, which traditional methods can not handle. This paper thus considers mining erasable itemsets from a product database with quantitative components. We propose an erasable itemset mining algorithm with the bit-vector manipulation method for quantitative component databases. It extracts raw materials with lower profits by analyzing the relationships between products and materials. In numerical experiments, the real-world and synthetic datasets were used to evaluate the performance in the execution time with different thresholds. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than previous work. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Bit-vector method Data mining Erasable itemsets Profit-based mining Quantitative component database

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Robust Training and Verification of Implicit Neural Networks: A Non-Euclidean Contractive Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jafarpour, Saber Davydov, Alexander Abate, Matthew Bullo, Francesco Coogan, Samuel School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta United States Center for Control Dynamical Systems and Computation University of California Santa Barbara United States

This paper proposes a theoretical and computational framework for training and robustness verification of implicit neural networks based upon non-Euclidean contraction theory. The basic idea is to cast the robustness analysis of a neural network as a reachability problem and use (i) the `∞-norm input-output Lipschitz constant and (ii) the tight inclusion function of the network to over-approximate its reachable sets. First, for a given implicit neural network, we use `∞-matrix measures to propose sufficient conditions for its well-posedness, design an iterative algorithm to compute its fixed points, and provide upper bounds for its `∞-norm input-output Lipschitz constant. Second, we introduce a related embedded network and show that the embedded network can be used to provide an `∞-norm box over-approximation of the reachable sets of the original network. Moreover, we use the embedded network to design an iterative algorithm for computing the upper bounds of the original system’s tight inclusion function. Third, we use the upper bounds of the Lipschitz constants and the upper bounds of the tight inclusion functions to design two algorithms for the training and robustness verification of implicit neural networks. Finally, we apply our algorithms to train implicit neural networks on the MNIST dataset and compare the robustness of our models with the models trained via existing approaches in the literature. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Risk-Sensitive Inhibitory control for Safe Reinforcement Learning

Risk-Sensitive Inhibitory Control for Safe Reinforcement Lea...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Armin Lederer Erfaun Noorani John S. Baras Sandra Hirche Chair of Information-oriented Control (ITR) School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research (ISR) at the University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Humans have the ability to deviate from their natural behavior when necessary, which is a cognitive process called response inhibition. Similar approaches have independently received increasing attention in recent years for ensuring the safety of control. Realized using control barrier functions or predictive safety filters, these approaches can effectively ensure the satisfaction of state constraints through an online adaptation of nominal control laws, e.g., obtained through reinforcement learning. While the focus of these realizations of inhibitory control has been on risk-neutral formulations, human studies have shown a tight link between response inhibition and risk attitude. Inspired by this insight, we propose a flexible, risk-sensitive method for inhibitory control. Our method is based on a risk-aware condition for value functions, which guarantees the satisfaction of state constraints. We propose a method for learning these value functions using common techniques from reinforcement learning and derive sufficient conditions for its success. By enforcing the derived safety conditions online using the learned value function, risk-sensitive inhibitory control is effectively achieved. The effectiveness of the developed control scheme is demonstrated in simulations.

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State Derivative Normalization for Continuous-Time Deep Neural Networks

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第15期58卷 253-258页

作者： Jonas Weigand Gerben I. Beintema Jonas Ulmen Daniel Görges Roland Tóth Maarten Schoukens Martin Ruskowski Chair of Machine Tools and Control Systems RPTU Kaiserslautern and the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Kaiserslautern Germany Control Systems (CS) Group at the Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands. R. Tóth is also affiliated to the Systems and Control Laboratory at the Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary Institute for Electromobility RPTU Kaiserslautern Germany

The importance of proper data normalization for deep neural networks is well known. However, in continuous-time state-space model estimation, it has been observed that improper normalization of either the hidden state or hidden state derivative of the model estimate, or even of the time interval can lead to numerical and optimization challenges with deep learning based methods. This results in a reduced model quality. In this contribution, we show that these three normalization tasks are inherently coupled. Due to the existence of this coupling, we propose a solution to all three normalization challenges by introducing a normalization constant at the state derivative level. We show that the appropriate choice of the normalization constant is related to the dynamics of the to-be-identified system and we derive multiple methods of obtaining an effective normalization constant. We compare and discuss all the normalization strategies on a benchmark problem based on experimental data from a cascaded tanks system and compare our results with other methods of the identification literature.

关键词： System Identification Continuous-Time Neural Ordinary Differential Equations Nonlinear State-Space

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A Continuous Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Optimal Motion Planning in Simply-Connected Workspaces

A Continuous Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Op...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Panagiotis Rousseas Charalampos P. Bechlioulis Kostas J. Kyriakopoulos School of Mechanical Engineering Control Systems Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Center of AI & Robotics (CAIR) New York University Abu Dhabi

In this work, an Integral Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework is employed to provide provably safe, convergent and almost globally optimal policies in a novel Off-Policy Iterative method for simply-connected workspaces. This restriction stems from the impossibility of strictly global navigation in multiply connected manifolds, and is necessary for formulating continuous solutions. The current method generalizes and improves upon previous results, where parametrized controllers hindered the method in scope and results. Through enhancing the traditional reactive paradigm with RL, the proposed scheme is demonstrated to outperform both previous reactive methods as well as an RRT* method in path length, cost function values and execution times, indicating almost global optimality.

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