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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Zifan Liu, Changxin Parisini, Thomas Zavlanos, Michael M. Johansson, Karl H. Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Digital Futures StockholmSE-10044 Sweden The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom The Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste34127 Italy The KIOS Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus NicosiaCY-1678 Cyprus The Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC United States

In this paper we deal with stochastic optimization problems where the data distributions change in response to the decision variables. Traditionally, the study of optimization problems with decision-dependent distributions has assumed either the absence of constraints or fixed constraints. This work considers a more general setting where the constraints can also dynamically adjust in response to changes in the decision variables. Specifically, we consider linear constraints and analyze the effect of decision-dependent distributions in both the objective function and constraints. Firstly, we establish a sufficient condition for the existence of a constrained equilibrium point, at which the distributions remain invariant under retraining. Morevoer, we propose and analyze two algorithms: repeated constrained optimization and repeated dual ascent. For each algorithm, we provide sufficient conditions for convergence to the constrained equilibrium point. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between the equilibrium point and the optimal point for the constrained decision-dependent optimization problem. Notably, our results encompass previous findings as special cases when the constraints remain fixed. To show the effectiveness of our theoretical analysis, we provide numerical experiments on both a market problem and a dynamic pricing problem for parking based on real-world data. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Minimum jointly structural input and output selection for strongly connected networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ramos, Guilherme Pedro Aguiar, A. Pequito, Sérgio Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Portugal Delft University of Technology Delft Center for Systems and Control Netherlands

In this paper, given a linear time-invariant strongly connected network, we study the problem of determining the minimum number of state variables that need to be simultaneously actuated and measured to ensure structural controllability and observability, respectively. This problem is fundamental in the design of multi-agent systems, where there are economic constraints in the decision of which agents to equip with a more costly on-board system that will allow the agent to have both actuation and sensing capabilities. Despite the combinatorial nature of this problem, we present a solution that couples the design of both structural controllability and structural observability counterparts to address it with polynomial-time complexity. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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On the conceptualization of total disturbance and its profound implications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 221-223页

作者： Sen CHEN Wenyan BAI Yu HU Yi HUANG Zhiqiang GAO Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute Center for Advanced Control Technologies Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceCleveland State University

Dear editor,How to deal with uncertainties and/or disturbances is a central issue pushing the development of both control science and control technology. Among various approaches, the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) has been successfully implemented in various industrial practices because of its uniqueness in concepts, simplicity

关键词： ESO On the conceptualization of total disturbance and its profound implications

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Port-Hamiltonian Modeling of Hydraulics in 4th Generation District Heating Networks

Port-Hamiltonian Modeling of Hydraulics in 4th Generation Di...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Felix Strehle Juan E. Machado Michele Cucuzzella Albertus J. Malan Jacquelien M.A. Scherpen Sören Hohmann Institute of Control Systems Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany Jan C. Willems Center for Systems and Control ENTEG Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen AG Groningen the Netherlands Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy

ISBN: (数字)9781665467612

ISBN: (纸本)9781665467629

In this paper, we use elements of graph theory and port-Hamiltonian systems to develop a modular dynamic model describing the hydraulic behavior of 4th generation district heating networks. In contrast with earlier generation networks with a single or few heat sources and pumps, newer installations will prominently feature distributed heat generation units, bringing about a number of challenges for the control and stable operation of these systems, e.g., flow reversals and interactions among pumps controllers, which may lead to severe oscillations. We focus thus on flexible system setups with an arbitrary number of distributed heat sources and end-users interconnected through a meshed, multi-layer distribution network of pipes. Moreover, differently from related works on the topic, we incorporate dynamic models for the pumps in the system and explicitly account for the presence of pressure holding units. By inferring suitable (power-preserving) interconnection ports, we provide a number of claims about the passivity properties of the overall, interconnected system, which proves to be highly beneficial in the design of decentralized control schemes and stability analyses.

关键词： Heating systems Heat pumps Decentralized control Hydraulic systems Interconnected systems Distribution networks Stability analysis

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Designing, simulating, and performing the 100-AV field test for the CIRCLES consortium Methodology and Implementation of the Largest mobile traffic control experiment to date

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ameli, Mostafa Mcquade, Sean Lee, Jonathan W. Bunting, Matt Nice, Matt Wang, Han Barbour, Will Weightman, Ryan Denaro, Chris Delorenzo, Ryan Hornstein, Sharon Davis, Jon F. Timsit, Dan Wagner, Riley Xu, Rita Mahmood, Malaika Mahmood, Mikail Monache, Maria Laura Delle Seibold, Benjamin Work, Dan Sprinkle, Jonathan Piccoli, Benedetto Bayen, Alexandre M. Universite Gustave Eiffel COSYS-GRETTIA France University of California Berkeley Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences United States University of California Berkeley Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering United States Rutgers University-Camden Center for Computational and Integrated Biology United States Rutgers University-Camden Department of Mathematical Sciences United States Vanderbilt University Civil and Environmental Engineering United States General Motors Control and Learning Team United States Temple University Department of Mathematics United States Ecole Polytechnique France

Previous controlled experiments on single-lane ring roads [1] have shown that a single partially autonomous vehicle (AV) can effectively mitigate traffic waves. This naturally prompts the question of how these findings can be generalized to field operational, high-density traffic conditions. To address this question, the Congestion Impacts Reduction via CAVin- the-loop Lagrangian Energy Smoothing (CIRCLES) Consortium conducted MegaVanderTest (MVT), a live traffic control experiment involving 100 vehicles near Nashville, TN, USA. The purpose was to implement various controllers to smooth stop-and-go traffic waves. This article is a tutorial for developing analytical and simulation-based tools essential for designing and executing a live traffic control experiment like the MVT. It presents an overview of the proposed roadmap and various procedures used in designing, monitoring, and conducting the MVT, which is the largest mobile traffic control experiment at the time. The design process is aimed at evaluating the impact of the CIRCLES AVs on surrounding traffic. The article discusses the agent-based traffic simulation framework created for this evaluation. A novel methodological framework is introduced to calibrate this microsimulation, aiming to accurately capture traffic dynamics and assess the impact of adding 100 vehicles to existing traffic. The calibration model's effectiveness is verified using data from a six-mile section of Nashville's I-24 highway. The results indicate that the proposed model establishes an effective feedback loop between the optimizer and the simulator, thereby calibrating flow and speed with different spatiotemporal characteristics to minimize the error between simulated and real-world data. Finally, We simulate AVs in multiple scenarios to assess their effect on traffic congestion. This evaluation validates the AV routes, thereby contributing to the execution of a safe and successful live traffic control experiment via AVs. © 2024, CC BY-

关键词： Traffic congestion

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Multimodal Emotion Recognition Based on Multi-Scale Facial Features and Cross-Modal Attention

Multimodal Emotion Recognition Based on Multi-Scale Facial F...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

作者： Chengao Bao Luefeng Chen Min Li Min Wu Witold Pedrycz Kaoru Hirota School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China the Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems School of Automation and the Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331521950

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521967

A multi-modal emotion recognition method based on facial multi-scale features and cross-modal attention (MS-FCA) network is proposed. The MSFCA model improves the traditional single-branch ViT network into a two-branch ViT architecture by using classification tokens in each branch to interact with picture embeddings in the other branch, which facilitates effective interactions between different scales of information. Subsequently, audio features are extracted using ResNet18 network. The cross-modal attention mechanism is used to obtain the weight matrices between different modal features, making full use of inter-modal correlation and effectively fusing visual and audio features for more accurate emotion recognition. Two datasets are used for the experiments: eNTERFACE'05 and REDVESS dataset. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method on the eNTERFACE'05 and REDVESS datasets is 85.42% and 83.84% respectively, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Emotion recognition Visualization Accuracy Service robots Semantics Human-robot interaction Speech recognition Feature extraction Data mining Facial features

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3D printing of self-powered triboelectric intelligent system with enhanced output performance for material identification via machine learning

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 515卷

作者： Huang, Bingyu Xu, Kailong Zhang, Xiaofei Zhang, Yongcheng Long, Yun-Ze Ge, Shuzhi Sam Wei, Xiangxia School of Automation Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices College of Physics Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China College of Physics Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted global attention for energy conversion from various types of mechanical energy into electricity. Traditional approaches for improving triboelectric conversion efficiency generally involved complicated preparation methods and strict structural design, which cannot fulfill the stringent requirements of material adaptability and application scenarios. In this work, a flexible TENG was developed based on zirconium-doped barium titanate (BaZrxTi1−xO3, BZT) particles in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Subsequently, BZT/PDMS composites with patterned structures were fabricated by direct ink writing (DIW) based three-dimensional (3D) printing to significantly enhance the electrical performance. It was demonstrated that the TENG could deliver a maximum open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 350 V and a short-circuit current (ISC) of 4.9 µA with a maximum power density of 2.4 W m−2. Moreover, an effective utilization of the TENG was designed to detect the presence of humans, saving a huge amount of electrical energy. Finally, a TENG-based tactile sensor was integrated with machine learning to construct a material identification system, which was capable of recognizing different materials with a high accuracy of 98.54 %. The TENG-based tactile sensor with machine learning demonstrated a tremendous application in material perception, promoting the development of versatile sensors in the field of machine intelligence. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Liquid crystals

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Adaptive learning in two-player Stackelberg games with application to network security

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Guosong Poovendran, Radha Hespanha, João P. the Center for Control Dynamical Systems and Computation University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

We study a two-player Stackelberg game with incomplete information such that the follower’s strategy belongs to a known family of parameterized functions with an unknown parameter vector. We design an adaptive learning approach to simultaneously estimate the unknown parameter and minimize the leader’s cost, based on adaptive control techniques and hysteresis switching. Our approach guarantees that the leader’s cost predicted using the parameter estimate becomes indistinguishable from its actual cost in finite time, up to a preselected, arbitrarily small error threshold. Also, the first-order necessary condition for optimality holds asymptotically for the predicted cost. Additionally, if a persistent excitation condition holds, then the parameter estimation error becomes bounded by a preselected, arbitrarily small threshold in finite time as well. For the case where there is a mismatch between the follower’s strategy and the parameterized function that is known to the leader, our approach is able to guarantee the same convergence results for error thresholds larger than the size of the mismatch. The algorithms and the convergence results are illustrated via a simulation example in the domain of network *** Codes 91A26, 91A65 (Primary) 37N40, 93C40, 65L20 (Secondary) Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network security

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Hamiltonian Learning using Machine Learning Models Trained with Continuous Measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tucker, Kris Rege, Amit Kiran Smith, Conor Monteleoni, Claire Albash, Tameem Department of Applied Math University of Colorado Boulder United States Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder United States Center for Quantum Information and Control University of New Mexico University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM United States INRIA Centre de Recherche de Paris France Center for Computing Research Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185 United States

We build upon recent work on using Machine Learning models to estimate Hamiltonian parameters using continuous weak measurement of qubits as input. We consider two settings for the training of our model: (1) supervised learning where the weak measurement training record can be labeled with known Hamiltonian parameters, and (2) unsupervised learning where no labels are available. The first has the advantage of not requiring an explicit representation of the quantum state, thus potentially scaling very favorably to a larger number of qubits. The second requires the implementation of a physical model to map the Hamiltonian parameters to a measurement record, which we implement using an integrator of the physical model with a recurrent neural network to provide a model-free correction at every time step to account for small effects not captured by the physical model. We test our construction on a system of two qubits and demonstrate accurate prediction of multiple physical parameters in both the supervised and unsupervised contexts. We demonstrate that the model benefits from larger training sets establishing that it is in fact "learning," and we show robustness to errors in the assumed physical model by achieving accurate parameter estimation in the presence of unanticipated single particle relaxation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

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All electrical control and Temperature Dependence of the Spin and Valley Hall Effect in Monolayer WSe2 Transistors

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Xintong Liu, Zhida Liu, Yihan Karki, Suyogya Li, Xiaoqin Akinwande, Deji Incorvia, Jean Anne C. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Heavy metal-based two-dimensional van der Waals materials have a large, coupled spin and valley Hall effect (SVHE) that has potential use in spintronics and valleytronics. Optical measurements of the SVHE have largely been performed below 30 K and understanding of the SVHE-induced spin/valley polarizations that can be electrically generated is limited. Here, we study the SVHE in monolayer p-type tungsten diselenide (WSe2). Kerr rotation (KR) measurements show the spatial distribution of the SVHE at different temperatures, its persistence up to 160 K, and that it can be electrically modulated via gate and drain bias. A spin/valley drift and diffusion model together with reflection spectra data is used to interpret the KR data and predict a lower-bound spin/valley lifetime of 4.1 ns below 90 K and 0.26 ns at 160 K. The excess spin and valley per unit length along the edge is calculated to be 109 μm-1 at 45 K, which corresponds to a spin/valley polarization on the edge of 6%. These results are important steps towards practical use of the SVHE. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Monolayers

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