Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a powerful tool for untargeted, highly multiplexed molecular mapping of tissue in biomedical research. IMS offers a means of mapping the spatial distributions of molecular species in...
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Open quantum systems are a topic of intense theoretical research. The use of master equations to model a system's evolution subject to an interaction with an external environment is one of the most successful theo...
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Water (H2O) as one of the most abundant fluids present in Earth plays crucial role in the generation and transport of magmas in the interior. Though hydrous silicate melts have been studied extensively, the experiment...
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Water (H2O) as one of the most abundant fluids present in Earth plays crucial role in the generation and transport of magmas in the interior. Though hydrous silicate melts have been studied extensively, the experimental data are confined to relatively low pressures and the computational results are still rare. Moreover, these studies imply large differences in the way water influences the physical properties of silicate magmas, such as density and electrical conductivity. Here, we invesigate the equation of state, speciation, and transport properties of water dissolved in Mg1-xFexSiO3 and Mg2(1-x)Fe2xSiO4 melts (for x = 0 and 0.25) as well as in its bulk (pure) fluid state over the entire mantle pressure regime at 2000 to 4000 K using first-principles molecular dynamics. The simulation results allow us to constrain the partial molar volume of the water component in melts along with the molar volume of pure water. The predicted volume of silicate melt+water solution is negative at low pressures but becomes zero above 15 GPa implying ideal mixing at higher pressures. Consequently, the hydrous component tends to lower the melt density to similar extent over much of the mantle pressure regime irrespective of composition. Our results also show that hydrogen diffuses fast in silicate melts and enhances the melt electrical conductivity in a way that differs from electrical conduction in the bulk water. The speciation of the water component varies considerably from the bulk water structure as well. Water is dissolved in melts mostly as hydroxyls at low pressure and as -O-H-O-, -O-H-O-H- and other extended species with increasing pressure. On the other hand, the pure water behaves as a molecular fluid below 15 GPa, gradually becoming a dissociated fluid with further compression. On the basis of modeled density and conductivity results, we suggest that partial melts containing a few percent of water may be gravitationally trapped both above and below the upper mantle-transiti
This paper revisits the stabilization problem of switched linear systems with time-varying delay via state dependent switching strategies. In contrast to the existing works, the commonly adopted stable convex combinat...
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This paper revisits the stabilization problem of switched linear systems with time-varying delay via state dependent switching strategies. In contrast to the existing works, the commonly adopted stable convex combination assumption is relaxed in this paper. For switched systems satisfying the relaxed assumption, we design a state dependent switching strategy, under which the considered system is asymptotically stable at the origin in the presence of time-varying delay. An optimization problem is formulated to estimate the upper bound of tolerable time delay. Numerical examples are presented to show that our method is applicable to a larger class of switched systems and leads to greater delay bound.
Quantum annealing (QA) was originally intended for accelerating the solution of combinatorial optimization tasks that have natural encodings as Ising models. However, recent experiments on QA-hardware platforms have d...
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Quantum annealing (QA) was originally intended for accelerating the solution of combinatorial optimization tasks that have natural encodings as Ising models. However, recent experiments on QA-hardware platforms have demonstrated that, in the operating regime corresponding to weak interactions, the QA hardware behaves like a noisy Gibbs sampler at a hardware-specific effective temperature. This work builds on those insights and identifies a class of small hardware-native Ising models that are robust to noise effects and proposes a procedure for executing these models on QA hardware to maximize Gibbs-sampling performance. The experimental results indicate that the proposed protocol results in high-quality Gibbs samples from a hardware-specific effective temperature. Furthermore, we show that this effective temperature can be adjusted by modulating the annealing time and energy scale. The procedure proposed in this work provides an approach to using QA hardware for Ising-model sampling presenting potential opportunities for applications in machine learning and physics simulation.
作者：
Singh, VishalWilde, Mark M.Cornell University
School of Applied and Engineering Physics IthacaNY14850 United States Louisiana State University
Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Computation and Technology Baton RougeLA70803 United States Cornell University
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering IthacaNY14850 United States
Quantum communication relies on the existence of high quality quantum channels to exchange information. In practice, however, all communication links are affected by noise from the environment. Here we investigate the...
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In self-triggered network control systems, next sampling or control time instant is computed based on the last measurement of system states. In this paper, inspired by self-triggered strategy, a new approach to closed...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783907144022
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728188133
In self-triggered network control systems, next sampling or control time instant is computed based on the last measurement of system states. In this paper, inspired by self-triggered strategy, a new approach to closed loop chemotherapeutic dose regimen design is introduced. The proposed scheme meets clinical constraints such as discontinuous drug administration and sparse measurement of cancer cells. Theoretical outcomes confirm that the proposed therapy protocol results in cancer remission. The ultimate bound of cancer cells can be set as desired. The proposed therapy protocol is tested on a set of 5 virtual patients. The in-silico results show the efficacy and robustness of the proposed strategy.
Assessment of myocardial viability is essential in diagnosis and treatment management of patients suffering from myocardial infarction, and classification of pathology on myocardium is the key to this assessment. This...
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The interaction between matter and squeezed light has mostly been treated within the approximation that the field-correlation time is small. Methods for treating squeezed light with more general correlations currently...
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The interaction between matter and squeezed light has mostly been treated within the approximation that the field-correlation time is small. Methods for treating squeezed light with more general correlations currently involve explicitly modeling the systems producing the light. We develop a general purpose input-output theory for a particular form of narrowband squeezed light, a squeezed wave-packet mode, that only concerns the statistics of the squeezed field and the shape of the wave packet. This formalism allows us to derive the input-output relations and the master equation. We also consider detecting the scattered field using photon counting and homodyne measurements, which necessitates the derivation of the stochastic master equation. The non-Markovian nature of the field manifests itself in the master equation as a coupled hierarchy of equations. We illustrate these with consequences for the decay and resonance fluorescence of two-level atoms in the presence of such fields.
We live in a period of explosive growth of smart device applications. Specifically, the growth rate of Android applications is amazing. And these Android applications often use JNI (Java native interface). However, re...
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