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Passive sources for the Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum-key-distribution protocol with practical signals

Physical Review A 2010年第5期82卷 052325-052325页

作者： Marcos Curty Xiongfeng Ma Hoi-Kwong Lo Norbert Lütkenhaus ETSI Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Campus Universitario E-36310 Vigo Pontevedra Spain Institute for Quantum Computing & Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada

Most experimental realizations of quantum key distribution are based on the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (the so-called BB84) protocol. In a typical optical implementation of this scheme, the sender uses an active source to produce the required BB84 signal states. While active state preparation of BB84 signals is a simple and elegant solution in principle, in practice passive state preparation might be desirable in some scenarios, for instance, in those experimental setups operating at high transmission rates. Passive schemes might also be more robust against side-channel attacks than active sources. Typical passive devices involve parametric down-conversion. In this paper, we show that both coherent light and practical single-photon sources are also suitable for passive generation of BB84 signal states. Our method does not require any externally driven element, but only linear optical components and photodetectors. In the case of coherent light, the resulting key rate is similar to the one delivered by an active source. When the sender uses practical single-photon sources, however, the distance covered by a passive transmitter might be longer than that of an active configuration.

关键词： Side channel attack

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Multiple-atlas-based automatic sementation of hippocampus for lateralization in temporal lobe epilepsy

Multiple-atlas-based automatic sementation of hippocampus fo...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Alireza Akhondi-Asl Kourosh Jafari-Khouzani Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Image Analysis Laboratory Department of Diagnostic Radiology Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA School of Cognitive Sciences Institute of Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics Tehran Iran Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441259

We introduce a 3D segmentation framework which uses principal shapes. The probabilistic energy function of the method is defined based on intensity, tissue type, and location information of the structures using a multiple atlas method. For intensity information, nonparametric probability density function is used which considers intensity relation of different structures. To find a local minimum of the energy function, a two-step optimization strategy is used. In the first step, shape parameters are optimized based on the analytic derivatives of the energy function. In the second step, shapes of the structures are fine-tuned using a level set method. The proposed method is shown to be superior to some popular methods in the literature using a dataset of 64 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. In addition, the method can be used for lateralization with accuracy close to that of manual segmentation.

关键词： Hippocampus Temporal lobe Epilepsy Image segmentation Principal component analysis Shape control Probability density function Level set Skull Algorithm design and analysis

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Implementation of two-party protocols in the noisy-storage model

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Physical Review A 2010年第5期81卷 052336-052336页

作者： Stephanie Wehner Marcos Curty Christian Schaffner Hoi-Kwong Lo Institute for Quantum Information Caltech Pasadena California 91125 USA ETSI Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Campus Universitario E-36310 Vigo (Pontevedra) Spain Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) P. O. Box 94079 1090 GB Amsterdam the Netherlands Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control (CQIQC) Department of Physics and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada

The noisy-storage model allows the implementation of secure two-party protocols under the sole assumption that no large-scale reliable quantum storage is available to the cheating party. No quantum storage is thereby required for the honest parties. Examples of such protocols include bit commitment, oblivious transfer, and secure identification. Here, we provide a guideline for the practical implementation of such protocols. In particular, we analyze security in a practical setting where the honest parties themselves are unable to perform perfect operations and need to deal with practical problems such as errors during transmission and detector inefficiencies. We provide explicit security parameters for two different experimental setups using weak coherent, and parametric down-conversion sources. In addition, we analyze a modification of the protocols based on decoy states.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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An integrated control of shading blinds, natural ventilation, and HVAC systems for energy saving and human comfort

An integrated control of shading blinds, natural ventilation...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Biao Sun Peter B. Luh Qing-Shan Jia Ziyan Jiang Fulin Wang Chen Song Center of Intelligent and Networked Systems (CFINS) Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Building Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Safety and Control Systems China and the Tsinghu-UTC Research Institute of Integrated Building Energy United Technologies Research Center Inc. Beijing China

Improving the control of shading blinds, lights, natural ventilation, and HVAC systems while satisfying human comfort requirements can result in significant energy cost savings with time-of-day electricity pricing. Traditionally, the above-mentioned devices are controlled separately. In this paper, a novel formulation for the integrated control and the corresponding solution methodology are presented. The problem is to minimize daily energy costs of lights and HVAC systems while satisfying equipment capacities, system dynamics, and human comfort. The problem is complicated since 1) individual rooms are coupled as they compete for the HVAC with limited capacity and nonlinear characteristics, and 2) the problem is believed to be NP-hard in view that decision variables are all discrete. A solution methodology that combines Lagrangian relaxation and stochastic dynamic programming is developed within the surrogate optimization framework to obtain near-optimal strategies. These strategies are further refined to become novel control rules for easy practical implementation. Numerical simulation results show that both of the above strategies can effectively reduce the total energy cost, and that the integrated control works better than selected traditional control strategies.

关键词： Ventilation Humidity Equations Optimization Heating Humans

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Optimal Coordinated Voltage control to Enhance Long Term Voltage Stability Using Direct Dynamic Optimization

Optimal Coordinated Voltage Control to Enhance Long Term Vol...

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IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition

作者： Wenjie Zheng Mingbo Liu James A. Momoh CESaC Howard University Electric Power College South China University of Technology Center for Energy Systems and Control (CESaC) and a Professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Howard University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465460

This paper presents the prototype of a direct dynamic optimization strategy to enhance the long term voltage stability. Based on the Quasi-steady-state model, the coordinated voltage control problem is presented by a differential-algebra optimization form. The dynamic optimization problem is transferred to a nonlinear programming model by approximating state variable, algebraic variable and control variable profiles based on a family of polynomials on finite time elements. Nonlinear primal-dual interior point method is applied to solve this nonlinear programming model. Filter line search method is used to compute the search step coupling with the Newton directions, larger steps may be accepted while the iteration approaches to the solution. This integrated strategy is tested on New England 10 generator 39 bus system and the simulation results show the potential for further extension on large scale optimization problems.

关键词： Long-term voltage stability Coordinated voltage control Quasi-steady-state model Direct dynamic optimization Nonlinear primal-dual interior point algorithm Discrete control Filter line search

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Nonlinear system control using adaptive neural fuzzy networks based on a modified differential evolution

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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Part C: Applications and Reviews 2009年第4期39卷 459-473页

作者： Chen, Cheng-Hung Lin, Cheng-Lin Lin, Chin-Teng Department of Electrical and Control Engineering National Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taiping City 411 Taiwan Department of Computer Science Department of Electrical and Control Engineering National Chiao-Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Brain Research Center University System of Taiwan Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

This study presents an adaptive neural fuzzy network (ANFN) controller based on a modified differential evolution (MODE) for solving control problems. The proposed ANFN controller adopts a functional link neural network as the consequent part of the fuzzy rules. Thus, the consequent part of the ANFN controller is a nonlinear combination of input variables. The proposed MODE learning algorithm adopts an evolutionary learning method to optimize the controller parameters. For design optimization, a new criterion is introduced. A hardware-in-the loop control technique is developed and applied to the designed ANFN controller using the MODE learning algorithm. The proposed ANFN controller with the MODE learning algorithm (ANFN-MODE) is used in two practical applications-the planetary-train-type inverted pendulum system and the magnetic levitation system. The experiment is developed in a real-time visual simulation environment. Experimental results of this study have demonstrated the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed ANFN-MODE controller. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： controllers

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Extended Kalman filtering of point process observation

Extended Kalman filtering of point process observation

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Yousef Salimpour Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Mohammad D. Abolhassani Neuroscience and Neuroengineering in School of Cognitive Sciences Institute of Studies in Fundamental Sciences IPM and Research Group for Brain and Cognitive Sciences School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Department of Radiology Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence CIPCE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Tehran IR

A temporal point process is a stochastic time series of binary events that occurs in continuous time. In computational neuroscience, the point process is used to model neuronal spiking activity; however, estimating the model parameters from spike train is a challenging problem. The state space point process filtering theory is a new technique for the estimation of the states and parameters. In order to use the stochastic filtering theory for the states of neuronal system with the Gaussian assumption, we apply the extended Kalman filter. In this regard, the extended Kalman filtering equations are derived for the point process observation. We illustrate the new filtering algorithm by estimating the effect of visual stimulus on the spiking activity of object selective neurons from the inferior temporal cortex of macaque monkey. Based on the goodness-offit assessment, the extended Kalman filter provides more accurate state estimate than the conventional methods.

关键词： Mathematical model Equations Kalman filters Neurons computational modeling Estimation

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Speeding up top-down attention control learning by using full observation knowledge

Speeding up top-down attention control learning by using ful...

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2009 IEEE International Symposium on computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation, CIRA 2009

作者： Noori, N. Nili Ahmadabadi, M. Mirian, M.S. Araabi, B.N. Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

We present a general mathematical description of the top-down attention control problem. Three important components are identified in the model: context extraction, attention focus and decision making. The context gives a coarse blurry representation of the whole input;the attention module models the focus of attention on a limited part of input, and the decision making component accounts the final decision of the agent for its motory actions. In order to achieve a faster convergence of attention learning in the online phase, an offline optimization step is performed in advance. To do so, we incorporate the knowledge of a full observer agent that has approximately learned the optimal decision making of the task. The simulation results show that by employing our algorithm, the learning speed is improved.

关键词： Decision making

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Metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguide devices for manipulating light at the nanoscale

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第4期7卷 302-308页

作者： Georgios Veronis Zongfu Yu Sukru Ekin Kocaba David A. B. Miller Mark L. Brongersma Shanhui Fan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Ginzton LaSoratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA GeSalle LaSoratory of Advanced Materials Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

We review some of the recent advances in the development of subwavelength plasmonic devices for manipulating light at the nanoseale, drawing examples from our own work in metal-dielectric-metal （MDM） plasmonic waveguide devices. We introduce bends, splitters, and mode converters for MDM waveguides with no additional loss. We also demonstrate that optical gain provides a mechanism for on/off switching in MDM plasmonic waveguides. Highly efficient compact couplers between dielectric waveguides and MDM waveguides are also introduced.

关键词： Metals Multiplexing Nanotechnology Optical waveguides Plasmons Waveguide components Waveguides

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Optimal Sensor Placement For Time Difference of Arrival Localization

Optimal Sensor Placement For Time Difference of Arrival Loca...

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Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and control and 28th Chinese control Conference

作者： Jason T.Isaacs Daniel J.Klein Joao P.Hespanha the Center for Control Dynamical Systemsand Computationand the Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of California

This paper addresses the problem of localizing a source from noisy time-of-arrival *** particular,we are interested in the optimal placement of M planar sensors so as to yield the best expected source location *** main result,on maximizing the expected determinant of the Fisher information matrix for truncated,radially-symmetric source distributions,shows two features not previously ***,the sensors should be placed as far from the expected source position as ***,the sensors should be arranged in a splay configuration in which neighboring sensors are separated by equal angle *** examples are given for point,uniform,and truncated-Gaussian source density functions.

关键词： Optimal Sensor Placement For Time Difference of Arrival Localization Sensor

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