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2006 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS 2008)

作者： Jin-Chern Chiou Li-Wei Ko Chin-Teng Lin Chao-Ting Hong Tzyy-Ping Jung Sheng-Fu Liang Jong-Liang Jeng Brain Research Center National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical and Control Engineering National Chiao-Tong University Hsin-Chu Taiwan China Institute of Neural Computation University of California La Jolla CA USA Department of Biological Science and Technology National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis has been widely adopted for the monitoring of cognitive state changes and sleep stages because abundant information in EEG recording reflects changes in drowsiness, arousal, sleep, and attention, etc. In this study, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) based silicon spiked electrode array, namely dry electrodes, are fabricated and characterized to bring EEG monitoring to the operational workplaces without requiring conductive paste or scalp preparation. An isotropic/anisotropic reactive ion etching with inductive coupled plasma (RIE-ICP) micromachining fabrication process was developed to manufacture the needle-like micro probes to pierce the stratum corneum of skin and obtain superior electrically conducting characteristics. This article reports a series of prosperity testing and evaluations of continuous EEG recordings. Our results suggest that the dry electrodes have advantages in electrode-skin interface impedance, signal intensity and size over the conventional (wet) electrodes. In addition, we also developed an EEG-based drowsiness estimation system that consists of the dry-electrode array, power spectrum estimation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-based EEG signal analysis, and multivariate linear regression to estimate driver's drowsiness level in a virtual-reality-based dynamic driving simulator to demonstrate the potential applications of the MEMS electrodes in operational environments.

关键词： Drowsiness Estimation Dry Electrode Electroencephalogram Micro-electro-mechanical Systems Principle Component Analysis

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Pedestrian detection system

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International Journal of Fuzzy Systems 2005年第2期7卷 45-52页

作者： Lin, Chin-Teng Chung, Jen-Feng Pu, Her-Chang Department of Computer Science Engineering National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta Hsueh RD. Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Control Engineering Taiwan College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Taiwan Brain Research Center NCTU Taiwan IEEE Taiwan Tau Beta Pi Eta Kappa Nu Phi Kappa Phi Honorary Societies United States Department of Electrical and Control Engineering NCTU Taiwan

In this paper, we propose a new pedestrian detection algorithm, and use it to develop a real-time pedestrian detection system. The pedestrian detection algorithm can be functionally partitioned into two parts: moving object segmentation and pedestrian recognition. In moving object segmentation, we segment the moving objects in the scene by modified temporal differencing method. This method combines general temporal differencing method with detection nets. In pedestrian recognition, we obtain multi-type wavelet templates from input images. Interest points are extracted from wavelet templates. Then, feature points are extracted by statistical method from interest point templates. Finally, these feature points are fed into a trained multilayer back-propagation neural network. The output of the neural network implies the result - pedestrian or non-pedestrian. From experiments, accuracy rate of recognition achieves 95%. We implement this algorithm in a real-time pedestrian detection system. The system can detect pedestrians in the scene in real time. The pedestrian detection rate is 92.58%. © 2005 TFSA.

关键词： Algorithms

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Kinematics modeling of a wheel-based Pole Climbing Robot (UT-PCR)

Kinematics modeling of a wheel-based Pole Climbing Robot (UT...

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2005 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation

作者： Baghani, Ali Nili Ahmadabadi, Majid Harati, Ahad Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran

ISBN: (纸本)078038914X

This paper is concerned with the derivation of the kinematics model of the University of Tehran-Pole Climbing Robot (UT-PCR). As the first step, an appropriate set of coordinates is selected and used to describe the state of the robot. Nonholonomic constraints imposed by the wheels are then expressed as a set of differential equations. By describing these equations in terms of the state of the robot an underactuated driftless nonlinear control system with affine inputs that governs the motion of the robot is derived. A set of experimental results are also given to show the capability of the UT-PCR in climbing a stepped pole. ©2005 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Modeling and control of washing machine based on approximate solution of HJB equation

Modeling and control of washing machine based on approximate...

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5th International Conference on control and Automation, ICCA'05

作者： Mohammadi-Milasi, Rasoul Yazdanpanah, Mohammad-Javad Lucas, Caro Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Cognitive Sciences University of Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)0780391381

The paper elaborates the design of an optimal feedback control system for a washing machine. It is sought to save on the water and energy consumption and the associated wear and tear and detergent consumption through monitoring the washing process via feedback sensors rather than following a fixed cycle. A lumped nonlinear model is first fitted to empirical data. After choosing an appropriate objective function, the optimal control law is found via approximate solution of Hamiltonian-Jacobi-Bellman (H-J-B) equation. The results show the high performance of proposed controller. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Washing machines

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Intelligent modeling and control of washing machine using LLNF modeling and modified BELBIC

Intelligent modeling and control of washing machine using LL...

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5th International Conference on control and Automation, ICCA'05

作者： Mohammadi-Milasi, Rasoul Lucas, Caro Araabi, Babak Nadjar Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Cognitive Sciences University of Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)0780391381

Intelligent control of home appliances, have in recent years, attracted much theoretical attention, as well as becoming a major factor for industrial and economic success and rapid market penetration. Washing machines represent an important market. Intelligent control techniques are capable of providing useful means for both easier use and energy and water conservation. In this paper, we use two techniques that we have successfully used in other intelligent modeling and control applications. Firstly, we use a neurofuzzy locally linear model system for data driven modeling of the machine. Secondly, we use a neural computing technique, based on a mathematical model of amygdala and the limbic system, for emotional control of the washing machine. The obtained results indicate the applicability of the proposed techniques in this important business sector. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Washing machines

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Performance models for wireless spectrum shared by wideband and narrowband sources

Performance models for wireless spectrum shared by wideband ...

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MILCOM 2005: Military Communications Conference 2005

作者： Raspopovic, Miroslava Thompson, Charles Chandra, Kavitha Center for Advanced Computation and Telecommunications Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA 01854 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780393937

This work examines the blocking performance of narrowband (NB) and wideband (WB) sources that access a shared pool of wireless channels. The NB sources utilize a single channel, whereas WB sources access simultaneously a larger group of channels. This system is analyzed in the context of maximizing the utilization of spectrum that is allocated to the WB system by allowing NB sources random access to the same spectrum. The performance measure to be controlled is the blocking experienced by WB sources. A queueing model of this system is proposed that allows evaluation of the impact of NB sources on WB performance. Assuming Poisson arrival process models and negative exponential distributions for the channel holding times, the dependence of the blocking probability of the WB source is derived as a function of the NB utilization factor. In an uncontrolled NB access scheme, the WB blocking is lower bounded by the blocking probability experienced by NB sources. The performance improvement afforded by adding extra NB channels and by controlling the access rates of the NB source for finite population WB sources is presented. The analysis presented here provides an assessment of some of the emerging paradigms for adaptive spectrum allocation. Of particular interest are the criteria under which spectrum agile, cognitive and software radios functioning in an opportunistic fashion can access unused spectrum allocated to a primary system without adversely affecting the performance of the primary system.

关键词： Communication channels (information theory)

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Robust regulation of a class of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems

Robust regulation of a class of nonlinear singularly perturb...

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作者： Amjadifard, R. Yazdanpanah, M.J. Beheshti, M.T.H. Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tarbiat Modarres University Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)008045108X

in this paper, robust regulation of a class of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems, via nonlinear H∞ approach is considered. Under appropriate assumptions, it is shown through two new theorems that the existence of a positive definite solution for the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs inequality related to the problem of disturbance attenuation for the main singularly perturbed system, can be related to the existence of a solution of a (simpler) Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs inequality arising in the problem of disturbance attenuation for the reduced-order system. Copyright © 2005 IFAC.

关键词： Perturbation techniques

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Fuzzy contributive games: An extension to the game of civic duty

Fuzzy contributive games: An extension to the game of civic ...

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ICTAI 2005: 17th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI'05

作者： Danak, Amir Kian, Ashkan Rahimi Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)0769524885

Game theory deals with decision-making processes involving two or more parties with partly or completely conflicting interests. The players involved in the game usually make their decisions under conditions of risk or uncertainty. In this paper, an idea of nondeterministic payoffs is proposed and optimization is done in a more realistic fuzzy environment, helping each player describe his goal functions by using the linguistic variables. Since fuzzy numbers represent uncertain numeric values, their substitution for traditional crisp payoff values is described and their application is surveyed for a specific sample of contributive games - The game of civic duty. A closed formulation is developed for a vast general class of vague payoffs. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Game theory

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A fuzzy approach to modeling the knowledge of decision-makers

A fuzzy approach to modeling the knowledge of decision-maker...

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ICTAI 2005: 17th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI'05

作者： Danak, Amir Rastegar, Farzad Kian, Ashkan Rahimi Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)0769524885

A game is a decision-making situation in which each player attempts to act in such a way that the game's circumstances get close to what desirable for him. To reach this goal, a player needs to have a suitable estimation of the other players' decisions. In this paper we propose a fuzzy approach by which a player can attain an estimation of the other players' actions and pursue a strategy which maximizes its performance. Finally, the results of applying the proposed approach to the well-known "prisoner's dilemma" problem are brought to show the effectiveness of the method © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Game theory

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GPS-WAAS static error analysis using wavelet decomposition and spectral estimation

GPS-WAAS static error analysis using wavelet decomposition a...

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18th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation, ION GNSS 2005

作者： Dyer, J.W. DeBrunner, V.E. McCartor, G. Fagan, J.E. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Oklahoma FAA AFS-440 University of Oklahoma Norman School or Electrical and Computer Engineering Center for Structural Control and Vibration Research College of Engineering FAA OU Department of Aviation

The residual error in the WAAS solution contains low frequency elements that reduce the accuracy of the vertical navigation during flight tests of precision approaches conducted at The University of Oklahoma. In an effort to determine if the WAAS-enabled GPS solution can be improved, the character of the errors was first determined. Static position error data from ten, geographically diverse, WAAS reference stations were initially collected continuously over the period of a month. A primary step in identifying the sources of error was to evaluate the spectral (periodic) content of the error signal. However, characterizing the spectral content of the error signal presents problems due to the extremely high sampling rate relative to the extremely slow periods of interest in the error signal. The WAAS signal was sampled at 1 Hz, yet the periods of interest are on the order of 10-5 Hz. Using our proposed method for extracting the near DC frequency content, it is shown that the WAAS residual error primarily contains periodic elements on the order of 6, 12, and 24 hours, which correspond to frequencies of approximately 4.6x10-5, 2.3x10-5, and 1.2x10-5 Hz, respectively. These results were consistent across the disparate geographic regions represented by the data set. Due to this, we think it unlikely that multi-path is responsible for these slow, periodic components in the residual error signal. Therefore, it is likely the periodic elements of the error signal are due primarily to the ionosphere.

关键词： Ground penetrating radar systems

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